MAP kinase kinase kinase kinase
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Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase (MAP4K) is a family of proteins involved in cellular signal transduction. MAP4Ks are involved in regulating cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis.[1] There are currently seven identified MAP4Ks.
- MAP4K1 (aka HPK1)[2]
- MAP4K2 (aka GCK)[3]
- MAP4K3 (aka GLK) - plays a role in TCR mediated immune responses and cell signaling.[4]
- MAP4K4 (aka HGK) - involved in cell proliferation and migration.[5]
- MAP4K5 (aka KHS)[6]
- MAP4K6 (aka MINK) - poorly described enzyme that has been linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).[7]
- MAP4K7 (aka TNIK)[8]
Images
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Some signal transduction pathways. MAP4K is not labelled.
MAPK pathway. Some (or all) of the MAP4Ks in this image are labelled by other names, such as HPK1 and GCK.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Bunardi, Chyntia Sherlyn; Yeom, Minseo; Kosasih, Prisca; Han, Han; Wang, Wenqi; Seo, Gayoung (2025). "MAP4K signaling pathways in cancer: roles, mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities". Experimental & Molecular Medicine. 57 (10): 2148–2156. doi:10.1038/s12276-025-01544-8. ISSN 2092-6413. PMC 12586695. PMID 41034525.
- ↑ "MAP4K1 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2026-06-16. Retrieved 2026-06-19.
- ↑ Chuang, Huai-Chia; Wang, Chia-Wen; Hsueh, Chia-Hsin; Xiao, Yu-Zhi; Tsai, Ching-Yi; Hsu, Pu-Ming; Tan, Evelyn L.; Chiu, Hsien-Yi; Tan, Tse-Hua (2026-03-16). "MAP4K2 suppresses antitumor immunity in a pancreatic cancer model by promoting Treg differentiation". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 136 (6) e196379. doi:10.1172/JCI196379. ISSN 1558-8238. PMC 12987614. PMID 41615953.
- ↑ Wang, Jingwen; Yan, Xiaoe; Li, Haibo; Shen, Yudao; Yun, Caihong; Zhang, Jianming (2025-10-01). "MAP4K3/GLK: Structure, molecular pharmacology and drug development". Bioorganic Chemistry. 165 109043. doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.109043. ISSN 0045-2068.
- ↑ Buburuzan, Laura; Luca, Catalina (2011). "MAP4K4 a possible new biomarker in cancer therapy". Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii" al. I. Cuza" Din Iasi.(Serie Noua). Sectiunea 2. A. Genetica Si Biologie Moleculara. 12 (2).
- ↑ "MAP4K5 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 5 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2026-06-16. Retrieved 2026-06-19.
- ↑ Khan, Shakeel Ahmad (2026-05-15). "Generative deep learning–driven de novo design of targeted MAP4K6 inhibitors". Computers in Biology and Medicine. 208 111680. doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111680. ISSN 0010-4825.
- ↑ Larhammar, Martin; Huntwork-Rodriguez, Sarah; Rudhard, York; Sengupta-Ghosh, Arundhati; Lewcock, Joseph W. (2017-11-15). "The Ste20 Family Kinases MAP4K4, MINK1, and TNIK Converge to Regulate Stress-Induced JNK Signaling in Neurons". The Journal of Neuroscience. 37 (46): 11074–11084. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0905-17.2017. ISSN 1529-2401. PMC 6596808. PMID 28993483.
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