// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhat did Ili Turki say to its grammar rules? "You rule, I'll Turk.
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| Ili Turki | |
|---|---|
| İlı turkeşi Илы туркеши ي̇لي تۋركەسي | |
| Native to | Xinjiang, China; Kazakhstan |
| Ethnicity | Ili Turks |
Native speakers | 30 families (2007, China)[1] moribund in Kazakhstan |
Turkic
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ili |
| Glottolog | ilit1241 |
| ELP | Ili Turki |
 Ili Turki is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. | |
Ili Turki is an endangered[2] Turkic language spoken primarily in China, of the Karluk branch of Turkic. In 2007, it was reported that there were around 30 families using it in China. Speakers are shifting to Kazakh or Uyghur.
Geographic distribution
[edit]Ili Turki is spoken in China's Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture along the Ili River and its tributaries and in Yining. There may be some speakers in Kazakhstan. Ili Turki has no official status in either country.
Classification
[edit]Ili Turki appears to belong to the Karluk group of Turkic languages, although it exhibits a number of features that suggest a Kipchak substratum.[3][4]
A comparison of Ili Turki's Karluk and Kipchak features is shown below:
| Kazakh (Kipchak) | Ili Turki | Uzbek (Karluk) | English | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *G > w after low vowels | taw | taw | tɒɣ | mountain |
| Genitive assimilation | tyje+niŋ / et+tiŋ | tʉjæ+nin / et+tin | tʉjæ+niŋ / et+niŋ | of the camel / of the meat |
| *G > w > Ø after high vowels | sarɨ | sarɨq | sarɨq | yellow |
| Loss of geminate consonants | seɡiz | sekkiz | sækkiz | eight |
Phonology
[edit]Consonants
[edit]| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k | q | |
| voiced | b | d | dʒ | ɡ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | ʃ | χ | h | ||
| voiced | z | ʁ | |||||
| Tap | ɾ | ||||||
| Approximant | l | j | w | ||||
Vowels
[edit]| Front | Central/Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | ||
| Close | i | ɨ | ʉ |
| Mid | e | ɵ | |
| Open | æ | ɑ | |
Vocabulary
[edit]| No. | Ili Turki |
|---|---|
| 1 | bir |
| 2 | ekki |
| 3 | üç |
| 4 | tört |
| 5 | beş |
| 6 | altı |
| 7 | yetti |
| 8 | sekkiz |
| 9 | töqqüz |
| 10 | ön |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Ili Turki at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ↑ Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2007). Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages. London: Routledge.
- ↑ Zhào, Xiāngrú; Hahn, Reinhard F. (1989). "The Ili Turk People and Their Language". Central Asiatic Journal. 33 (3/4): 261–285. JSTOR 41927706.
- ↑ Hahn, Reinhard F. (1991). "An Annotated Sample of Ili Turki". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 45 (1): 31–53. JSTOR 23658071.
External links
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| Common Turkic |
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