Tropisternus lateralis
| Tropisternus lateralis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Adult Tropisternus lateralis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Infraorder: | Staphyliniformia |
| Family: | Hydrophilidae |
| Genus: | Tropisternus |
| Species: | T. lateralis |
| Binomial name | |
| Tropisternus lateralis (Fabricius, 1775) | |
Tropisternus lateralis is a species of hydrophilid beetle that ranges across much of the Americas.[1]
Description
[edit]
Adult T. lateralis nimabatus, the subspecies found in the eastern United States, are distinguished by having uniformly dark elytra and pronotum with light-colored borders.[1]
Distribution
[edit]The range of T. lateralis includes North America as far north as southern Canada, South America south to northern Chile and Argentina, the Caribbean, and the Galápagos Islands.[1][2] T. lateralis humeralis has been accidentally introduced to Oahu.[3]
Behavior
[edit]
T. lateralis exhibits stridulation during stress, calling, and courtship.[4] Eggs are deposited in cases under water, and larvae are fully aquatic. While adults are primarily aquatic, they breathe air and can fly.[1] Adult T. lateralis avoid colonizing and laying egg cases in ponds that contain fish, which are potential predators of all life stages of the beetles.[5]
Subspecies
[edit]There are five recognized subspecies of Tropisternus lateralis.[6]
- Tropisternus lateralis humeralis Motschulsky, 1850
- Tropisternus lateralis lateralis (Fabricius, 1775)
- Tropisternus lateralis limbalis (LeConte, 1855)
- Tropisternus lateralis limbatus (Brullé, 1837)
- Tropisternus lateralis nimbatus (Say, 1823)
References
[edit]
- 1 2 3 4 Spangler, Paul J. (1960). A revision of the genus Tropisternus (Coleoptera:Hydrophilidae) (Ph.D.). University of Missouri.
- ↑ "Tropisternus lateralis". Charles Darwin Foundation. Retrieved July 17, 2015.
- ↑ Hansen, Michael (1995). "A review of the Hawaiian Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)". Pacific Science. 49 (3): 266–288.
- ↑ Ryker, Lee C. (1976). "Acoustic behavior of Tropisternus ellipticus, T. columbianus, and T. lateralis limbalis in western Oregon (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)". The Coleopterists Bulletin. 30 (2): 147–156. doi:10.5962/p.371973.
- ↑ Resetarits, Jr., William J. (2001). "Colonization under threat of predation: avoidance of fish by an aquatic beetle, Tropisternus lateralis (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)" (PDF). Oecologia. 129 (1): 155–160. Bibcode:2001Oecol.129..155R. doi:10.1007/s004420100704. PMID 28547063. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 22, 2015.
- ↑ "Tropisternus lateralis (Fabricius, 1775)". ITIS. Retrieved July 17, 2015.