Toqui Formation

Toqui Formation
Toqui Formation
Stratigraphic range: Tithonian; ~147 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Cast of Chilesaurus from the Toqui Formation
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Coihaique Group
Underlies	Katterfeld Formation
Overlies	Ibáñez Formation
Thickness	300–320 m (980–1,050 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Conglomerate, sandstone, tuffite, ignimbrite
Location
Coordinates	46°36′S 72°24′W / 46.6°S 72.4°W
Approximate paleocoordinates	44°48′S 32°24′W / 44.8°S 32.4°W
Region	Aysén Region
Country	Chile
	Toqui Formation (Chile)

The Toqui Formation is a geological formation in the Aysén Region of southern Chile. It has been dated to the Tithonian stage of the Late Jurassic by uranium–lead dating of zircons, providing ages between 148.7 ± 1.4 Ma and 147 ± 1.0 Ma.^[1] It consists of a sequence of clastic sedimentary sandstones and conglomerates, interbedded with volcanic tuffs and ignimbrite.^[2] The dinosaurs Chilesaurus and indeterminate diplodocids and the mesoeucrocodylian Burkesuchus are known from the formation.^[3]^[4]^[5] The formation was deposited in a fluvio-deltaic environment.^[6]

Paleobiota of the Toqui Formation

Crocodylomorphs

Genus	Species	Material	Notes	Images
Burkesuchus	B. mallingrandensis	"Fragmented skull and partial postcrania."^[5]	A neosuchian.
Crocodylomorpha indet.	Indeterminate	"Partial postcrania."^[7]	A neosuchian.

Dinosaurs

Genus	Species	Material	Notes
Chilesaurus	C. diegosuarezi	"Skull with and skeletons from multiple specimens."^[3]^[8]	A dinosaur with uncertain affinities.
Diplodocidae indet.	Indeterminate	"Cervical centra."^[4]	A diplodocid.
Diplodocinae indet.	Indeterminate	"Partial caudal vertebra."^[4]	A diplodocin.
Sauropoda indet.	Indeterminate	"Partial dorsal vertebra."^[4]	A sauropod.
	Indeterminate	"Two caudal vertebrae centra."^[4]	A sauropod.
	Indeterminate	"Partial sternal plate."^[4]	A sauropod.
Titanosauriformes? indet.	Indeterminate	"Lower end of left femur."^[4]	A titanosauriform.
Titanosauriformes? indet.	Indeterminate	"Lower end of right tibia."^[4]	A titanosauriform.

References

↑ Suárez, Manuel; De La Cruz, Rita; Fanning, Mark; Novas, Fernando; Salgado, Leonardo (2015-12-28). "Tithonian age of dinosaur fossils in central Patagonian, Chile: U–Pb SHRIMP geochronology". International Journal of Earth Sciences. 105 (8): 2273–2284. doi:10.1007/s00531-015-1287-7. hdl:11336/57592. ISSN 1437-3254.
↑ Salgado, Leonardo; Cruz, Rita Dela; Suárez, Manuel; Fernández, Marta; Gasparini, Zulma; Palma-Heldt, Sylvia; Fanning, Mark (2008-06-12). "First Late Jurassic dinosaur bones from Chile". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (2): 529–534. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[529:fljdbf]2.0.co;2. hdl:1885/37839. ISSN 0272-4634.
1 2 Novas, Fernando E.; Salgado, Leonardo; Suárez, Manuel; Agnolín, Federico L.; Ezcurra, Martín D.; Chimento, Nicolás R.; de la Cruz, Rita; Isasi, Marcelo P.; Vargas, Alexander O. (2015). "An enigmatic plant-eating theropod from the Late Jurassic period of Chile". Nature. 522 (7556): 331–334. Bibcode:2015Natur.522..331N. doi:10.1038/nature14307. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25915021.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Salgado, Leonardo; Novas, Fernando E.; Suarez, Manuel; Cruz, Rita De La; Isasi, Marcelo; Rubilar-Rogers, David; Vargas, Alexander (2015). "Late Jurassic Sauropods in Chilean Patagonia". Ameghiniana. 52 (4): 418–429. doi:10.5710/amgh.07.05.2015.2883. hdl:11336/39545. ISSN 0002-7014.
1 2 Novas FE, Agnolin FL, Lio GL, Rozadilla S, Suárez M, de la Cruz R, Carvalho IS, Rubilar-Rogers D, Isasi MP (2021). "New transitional fossil from late Jurassic of Chile sheds light on the origin of modern crocodiles". Scientific Reports. 11 (1) 14960. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93994-z. PMC 8298593. PMID 34294766.
↑ Toqui Formation, Aysén at Fossilworks.org
↑ Lio, G.; Novas, F.; Salgado, L.; Suárez, M.; De La Cruz, R. (2010). "First record of a non-marine crocodylomorph (Archosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Chile". Ameghiniana. 48 (4).
↑ Chimento, N. R.; Agnolin, F. L.; Novas, F. E.; Ezcurra, M. D.; Salgado, L.; Isasi, M. P.; Suarez, M.; De La Cruz, R.; Rubilar-Rogers, D.; Vargas, A. (2017). "Forelimb posture in Chilesaurus diegosuarezi (Dinosauria, Theropoda) and its behavioral and phylogenetic implications" (PDF). Ameghiniana. 54 (5): 567−575. doi:10.5710/AMGH.11.06.2017.3088. hdl:2250/148932.

External links

Media related to Toqui Formation at Wikimedia Commons

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[1] Suárez, Manuel; De La Cruz, Rita; Fanning, Mark; Novas, Fernando; Salgado, Leonardo (2015-12-28). "Tithonian age of dinosaur fossils in central Patagonian, Chile: U–Pb SHRIMP geochronology". International Journal of Earth Sciences. 105 (8): 2273–2284. doi:10.1007/s00531-015-1287-7. hdl:11336/57592. ISSN 1437-3254.

[2] Salgado, Leonardo; Cruz, Rita Dela; Suárez, Manuel; Fernández, Marta; Gasparini, Zulma; Palma-Heldt, Sylvia; Fanning, Mark (2008-06-12). "First Late Jurassic dinosaur bones from Chile". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (2): 529–534. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[529:fljdbf]2.0.co;2. hdl:1885/37839. ISSN 0272-4634.

[Novas2015-3] 1 2 Novas, Fernando E.; Salgado, Leonardo; Suárez, Manuel; Agnolín, Federico L.; Ezcurra, Martín D.; Chimento, Nicolás R.; de la Cruz, Rita; Isasi, Marcelo P.; Vargas, Alexander O. (2015). "An enigmatic plant-eating theropod from the Late Jurassic period of Chile". Nature. 522 (7556): 331–334. Bibcode:2015Natur.522..331N. doi:10.1038/nature14307. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25915021.

[Salgado2015-4] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Salgado, Leonardo; Novas, Fernando E.; Suarez, Manuel; Cruz, Rita De La; Isasi, Marcelo; Rubilar-Rogers, David; Vargas, Alexander (2015). "Late Jurassic Sauropods in Chilean Patagonia". Ameghiniana. 52 (4): 418–429. doi:10.5710/amgh.07.05.2015.2883. hdl:11336/39545. ISSN 0002-7014.

[Novas2021-5] 1 2 Novas FE, Agnolin FL, Lio GL, Rozadilla S, Suárez M, de la Cruz R, Carvalho IS, Rubilar-Rogers D, Isasi MP (2021). "New transitional fossil from late Jurassic of Chile sheds light on the origin of modern crocodiles". Scientific Reports. 11 (1) 14960. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93994-z. PMC 8298593. PMID 34294766.

[6] Toqui Formation, Aysén at Fossilworks.org

[7] Lio, G.; Novas, F.; Salgado, L.; Suárez, M.; De La Cruz, R. (2010). "First record of a non-marine crocodylomorph (Archosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Chile". Ameghiniana. 48 (4).

[8] Chimento, N. R.; Agnolin, F. L.; Novas, F. E.; Ezcurra, M. D.; Salgado, L.; Isasi, M. P.; Suarez, M.; De La Cruz, R.; Rubilar-Rogers, D.; Vargas, A. (2017). "Forelimb posture in Chilesaurus diegosuarezi (Dinosauria, Theropoda) and its behavioral and phylogenetic implications" (PDF). Ameghiniana. 54 (5): 567−575. doi:10.5710/AMGH.11.06.2017.3088. hdl:2250/148932.

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