Tetraethylsilane
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Tetraethylsilane[1] | |
Other names
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| Abbreviations | Et4Si |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.010.142 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| Si(CH2CH3)4 | |
| Molar mass | 144.333 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid[2] |
| Odor | Distinct, mild[3] |
| Density | 0.761 g/cm3[2] |
| Melting point | −82.5 °C (−116.5 °F; 190.7 K)[2] |
| Boiling point | 153–154 °C (307–309 °F; 426–427 K)[2] |
| Almost insoluble in water[4] | |
| Vapor pressure | 5 mmHg at 20 °C (68 °F)[3] |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.426[2] |
| Structure | |
| Tetrahedral at Si | |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Flammable |
| GHS labelling: | |
  | |
| Warning | |
| H226, H315, H319, H335 | |
| P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |
| Flash point | 25 °C[2] |
| 235 °C (455 °F; 508 K)[3] | |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Tetraethylsilane is an organosilicon compound with the chemical formula Si(CH2CH3)4. It is a colorless liquid. Under standard conditions, it does not react with water, air, nitric acid or concentrated potassium hydroxide.[4] Its vapor density is 4.98, relative to air (air = 1).[2]
Synthesis
[edit]The synthesis of tetraethylsilane by reacting silicon tetrachloride with diethylmercury or diethylzinc in an ampoule at 140–160 °C (284–320 °F) was first reported in 1863 by Charles Friedel and James Mason Crafts.[4][5]
- SiCl4 + 2 Zn(CH2CH3)2 → Si(CH2CH3)4 + 2 ZnCl2
Uses
[edit]Tetraethylsilane reacts with halides of the boron group elements, such as boron tribromide or gallium trichloride with high yield and purity to form the corresponding dihaloethyl compound.[6]
- Si(CH2CH3)4 + BBr3 → (CH3CH2)3SiBr + CH3CH2BBr2
- Si(CH2CH3)4 + GaCl3 → (CH3CH2)3SiCl + CH3CH2GaCl2
References
[edit]- 1 2 PubChem. "Tetraethylsilane". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-02-11.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Tetraethylsilane". sigmaaldrich.com. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - 1 2 3 "TETRAETHYLSILANE" (PDF). gelest.com. October 23, 2014. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - 1 2 3 Friedel, C.; Crafts, J. M. (January 1863). "Ueber einige neue organische Verbindungen des Siliciums und das Atomgewicht dieses Elementes". Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie. 127 (1): 28–32. doi:10.1002/jlac.18631270103. ISSN 0075-4617.
- ↑ Soukup, Rudolf Werner (2020). Chemiegeschichtliche Daten organischer Substanzen [Chemical history data of organic substances] (in German).
- ↑ Schmidbaur, H.; Findeiss, W. (October 1964). "A Simple Route to Organogallium Compounds". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 3 (10): 696–696. doi:10.1002/anie.196406961. ISSN 0570-0833. Archived from the original on 2021-07-22.