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Tau Orionis

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
τ Orionis
Location of τ Orionis (circled in red)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Orion
Right ascension 05h 17m 36.38856s[1]
Declination −06° 50′ 39.8702″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 3.58[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type B5 III[3]
U−B color index −0.47[2]
B−V color index −0.11[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+20.1[4] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −17.61[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −9.24[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)6.60±0.15 mas[1]
Distance490 ± 10 ly
(152 ± 3 pc)
Orbit[5]
Period (P)90.29 days
Eccentricity (e)0.834
Inclination (i)30°
Longitude of the node (Ω)156°
Details[5]
A
Mass6 M☉
B
Mass6 M☉
Other designations
τ Ori, 20 Orionis, BD−07°1028, HD 34503, HIP 24674, HR 1735, SAO 131952.[6]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Tau Orionis (τ Ori, τ Orionis) is a binary star in the constellation Orion. If an imaginary line is drawn north-west between the stars Rigel and Mintaka, Tau Orionis can be found roughly one-sixth of the way to Mintaka. It is visible to the naked eye with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 3.58.[2] Based upon an annual parallax shift of 6.6 mas,[1] it is located around 490 light years distant.

This is a spectroscopic binary system with an orbital period of 90 days and a very high eccentricity of 0.834. It is a heartbeat star, showing variations on its apparent magnitude during the close periastron passage. The components have equal masses of 6 M☉[5] and a combined stellar classification of B5 III.[3] The star has a peculiar velocity through space of 16.9 km/s.[7]

Tau Orionis has three visual companions: magnitude 11.0 component B at an angular separation of 33.30″ along a position angle of 251°; magnitude 10.9 component C lying some 3.80″ from component B; and magnitude 10.9 component D at 36.0″ from τ Ori along a position angle of 51°, all as of 2011.[8]

Proper names

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According to Richard H. Allen, this star, along with β Eri, λ Eri and ψ Eri were Al Kursiyy al Jauzah, "the Chair (or "Footstool") of the Central One".[9] However, per the catalogue of stars in the Technical Memorandum 33-507 - A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Al Kursiyy al Jauzah were the title for just three stars: β Eri as Cursa, ψ Eri as Al Kursiyy al Jauzah I and λ Eri as Al Kursiyy al Jauzah II, excluding this star.[10]

In Chinese, 玉井 (Yù Jǐng), meaning Jade Well, refers to an asterism consisting of τ Orionis, β Eridani, λ Eridani and ψ Eridani.[11] Consequently, the Chinese name for τ Orionis itself is 玉井四 (Yù Jǐng sì, English: the Fourth Star of Jade Well.).[12] From this Chinese title, the name Yuh Tsing is derived.[9]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Crawford, D. L.; et al. (1971), "Four-color, H-beta, and UBV photometry for bright B-type stars in the northern hemisphere", The Astronomical Journal, 76: 1058, Bibcode:1971AJ.....76.1058C, doi:10.1086/111220.
  3. 1 2 Abt, H. A. (September 1985), "Visual multiples. VIII - 1000 MK types", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 59: 95–112, Bibcode:1985ApJS...59...95A, doi:10.1086/191064.
  4. ↑ Wilson, R. E. (1953), "General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities", Carnegie Institute Washington D.C. Publication, Carnegie Institute of Washington, D.C., Bibcode:1953GCRV..C......0W.
  5. 1 2 3 Pigulski, Andrzej; Kamińska, Monika K.; Kamiński, Krzysztof; Paunzen, Ernst; Budaj, Jan; Pribulla, Theodor; Torres, Pascal J.; Stateva, Ivanka; Niemczura, Ewa; Skarka, Marek; Kahraman Aliçavuş, Filiz; Sekeráš, Matej; van der Swaelmen, Mathieu; Vaňko, Martin; Vanzi, Leonardo (August 2018), "τ Ori and τ Lib: Two New Massive Heartbeat Binaries", 3rd BRITE Science Conference, 8: 115–117, arXiv:1801.05985, Bibcode:2018pas8.conf..115P.
  6. ↑ "tau Ori". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2016-11-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  7. ↑ Tetzlaff, N.; et al. (2011), "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 410 (1): 190–200, arXiv:1007.4883, Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x, S2CID 118629873.
  8. ↑ Mason, B. D.; et al. (2014), "The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog", The Astronomical Journal, 122 (6): 3466–3471, Bibcode:2001AJ....122.3466M, doi:10.1086/323920.
  9. 1 2 Allen, R. H. (1963). Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Reprint ed.). New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc. p. 218. ISBN 0-486-21079-0. Retrieved 2010-12-12. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  10. ↑ Rhoads, Jack W. (November 15, 1971), Technical Memorandum 33-507-A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars (PDF), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, retrieved 2016-11-24.
  11. ↑ (in Chinese) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
  12. ↑ (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 15 日 Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
[edit]
  • Kaler, James B. (January 23, 2009), "Tau Orionis", Stars, University of Illinois, retrieved 2016-11-18.
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