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Tabanus gratus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tabanus gratus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Clade: Pancrustacea
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Tabanidae
Genus: Tabanus
Species:
T. gratus
Binomial name
Tabanus gratus
Loew, 1858.[1]
Synonyms
  • Tabanus tritaeniatus Ricardo, 1908

Tabanus gratus is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae.[1]

Distribution

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Originally described as Tabanus gratus in 1858 by Hermann Loew from a female specimen collected in South Africa as Caffraria.[2] Afrotropical and Palearctic species.[3] Widespread in Africa,[4] penetrating the Palearctic realm through the East Mediterranean from Egypt and Cyprus,[5] through Western Saudi Arabia[6][7] and the Levant[8] to Iran and Afghanistan.[9]

Blood feeding hosts and veterinary relevance

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Known hosts in Europe and the Levant are horses and camels,[8][5] in Africa—horses and cattle.[10] In Africa this species is an important vector for Trypanosoma parasites causing the disease surra. Surra is a major disease in camels, equines, cattle and dogs, in which it can often be fatal.[11][12][13]

References

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  1. 1 2 "Tabanus gratus Loew, 1858". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 2 March 2025.
  2. ↑ Loew, F. H. (1858). "Bidrag till kännedomen om Afrikas Diptera". Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskapsakademiens Förhandlingar. 14: 337–383.
  3. ↑ "Nomenclator Detail Record". diptera.org. Retrieved 2025-03-02.
  4. ↑ Oldroyd, Harold (1954). The Horseflies (Diptera: Tabanidae) of the Ethiopian Region. Vol. 2: Tabanus and related genera. London: British Museum (Natural History). p. 114.
  5. 1 2 Müller, Günter C.; Prozorov, Alexey M.; Traore, Mohamed M.; Revay, Edita E.; Hogsette, Jerome A.; Kline, Daniel; Chaskopoulou, Alexandra; Prozorova, Tatiana A.; Volkova, Julia S.; Diarra, Rabiatou A.; Petrányi, Gergely; Schneider, Tom; Beck, Robert H.-T.; Ignatev, Nikolai; Yakovlev, Roman V. (2023). "The Tabanidae (Diptera) of the Greek islands and Cyprus: An annotated checklist with remarks on ecology, zoogeography, and new records on the East Mediterranean fauna". Ecologica Montenegrina. 67: 45–65. doi:10.37828/em.2023.67.7.
  6. ↑ Leclercq, M. (1966). "Révision systématique et biogéographique des Tabanidae paléarctique. Vol. II: Tabaninae". Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique. 80: 1–237.
  7. ↑ Müller, G. C.; Hogsette, J. A.; Kravchenko, V. D. (2011). "New records for the horse fly fauna (Diptera: Tabanidae) of Saudi Arabia with remarks on ecology and zoogeography". Acta Parasitologica et Medica Entomologica Sinica. 19 (1): 36–38.
  8. 1 2 Müller, G. C.; Revay, E. E.; Hogsette, J. A.; Zeegers, T.; Kline, D.; Kravchenko, V. D.; Schlein, Y. (2012). "An annotated checklist of the horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) of the Sinai Peninsula Egypt with remarks on ecology and zoogeography". Acta Tropica. 122 (2): 205–211. doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.01.013. PMID 22289670.
  9. ↑ El-Hassan, G. M. M. A.; Badrawy, H. B. M.; Fadl, H. H.; Mohammad, S. K. (2013). "A review of the genus Tabanus Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Tabanidae) from Egypt". Zootaxa. 3691 (5): 559–576. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3691.5.3. PMID 26167603.
  10. ↑ Abah, S.; Sevidzem, S. L.; Njan Nloga, A. M.; Paguem, A.; Mamoudou, A.; Mavoungou, J. F.; Zoli, A. (2020). ""Silent" circulation of Trypanosoma spp. in Tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) and Cattle in a Tsetse free Range land of Ngaoundere (Adamawa-Cameroon)". International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 14 (7): 2611–2618. doi:10.4314/ijbcs.v14i7.19.
  11. ↑ Foil, L. D. (1989). "Tabanids as vectors of disease agents". Parasitology Today. 5 (3): 88–96. doi:10.1016/0169-4758(89)90009-4. PMID 15463186.
  12. ↑ Desquesnes, M.; Dia, M. L. (2003). "Mechanical transmission of Trypanosoma congolense in cattle by the African tabanid Atylotus agrestis". Experimental Parasitology. 105 (3–4): 226–231. doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2003.12.014. PMID 14990316.
  13. ↑ Desquesnes, M.; Holzmuller, Ph.; Lai, D.-H.; Dargantes, A.; Lun, Zh.-R.; Jittaplapong, S. (2013). "Trypanosoma evansi and Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects". BioMed Research International. 2013: 1–22. doi:10.1155/2013/194176. PMC 3760267. PMID 24024184.
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