Sphagnum fallax
| Flat-topped bogmoss | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Embryophytes |
| Division: | Bryophyta |
| Class: | Sphagnopsida |
| Subclass: | Sphagnidae |
| Order: | Sphagnales |
| Family: | Sphagnaceae |
| Genus: | Sphagnum |
| Species: | S. fallax |
| Binomial name | |
| Sphagnum fallax (H.Klinggr.) H.Klinggr. | |
Sphagnum fallax, the flat-topped bogmoss,[1] is a moss species in the genus Sphagnum
While called the flat-topped bogmoss, another common name for S. fallax is the Tricky Peat moss.
Description
[edit]Appearing in a range of colors from green to yellow green to yellow brown. This is a medium plant that grows in a carpet and can be found terrestrially or submerged in water, standing upright. Five rows of wavy leaves, lance-like in shape, 1-2mm long, at the branch, which can be neatly arranged together or spaced apart, having a star-shape, domed apical head from a top-down view. Height range is from 8cm to 20cm tall when damp, and may shrink when dry.
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Has a wide range across the Northern Hemisphere, growing in moist to wet, cool environments in some areas of Asia, northern Europe, and North America. Can be found in the water or on the water's edges of moist meadows, fens, swamps, and bogs, thriving in shade and partial sunshine. Grows attached to rocks and rooted in the soil.
Taxonomy
[edit]Related to S. angustifolium and S. flexuosum, having been a trio that comprised the former S. recurvum. Similar in likeness to S. cuspidatum, however, S. cuspidatum has longer branch leaves of 2-4mm in length, and an unorganized apical head. Also, S. cuspidatum has hanging and spreading branches that show little differentiation.
Commercial
[edit]Sphagnum as a genus is currently being tested as an alternate arming solution for fossil peat replacement in horticulture. There was a small-scale case study completed in the spring of 2011 on a four-hectare area that was successful, and supported the idea for moving forward with the use of Sphagnum as an alternative.
References
[edit]
- ↑ Edwards, Sean R. (2012). English Names for British Bryophytes. British Bryological Society Special Volume. Vol. 5 (4 ed.). Wootton, Northampton: British Bryological Society. ISBN 978-0-9561310-2-7. ISSN 0268-8034.
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
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- ↑ Buttler, A.; Grosvernier, P.; Matthey, Y. (October 1998). "Development of Sphagnum fallax diaspores on bare peat with implications for the restoration of cut-over bogs". Journal of Applied Ecology. 35 (5): 800–810. Bibcode:1998JApEc..35..800B. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.1998.355351.x. ISSN 0021-8901.
- ↑ Carrell, Alyssa A.; Kolton, Max; Glass, Jennifer B.; Pelletier, Dale A.; Warren, Melissa J.; Kostka, Joel E.; Iversen, Colleen M.; Hanson, Paul J.; Weston, David J. (September 2019). "Experimental warming alters the community composition, diversity, and N 2 fixation activity of peat moss ( Sphagnum fallax ) microbiomes". Global Change Biology. 25 (9): 2993–3004. doi:10.1111/gcb.14715. ISSN 1354-1013. PMC 6852288. PMID 31148286.
- ↑ Szurdoki, Erzsébet; Márton, Orsolya; Szövényi, Péter (April 2014). "Genetic and morphological diversity of Sphagnum angustifolium, S. flexuosum and S. fallax in Europe". Taxon. 63 (2): 237–248. Bibcode:2014Taxon..63..237S. doi:10.12705/632.6. ISSN 0040-0262.
- ↑ Fudyma, Jane D.; Lyon, Jamee; AminiTabrizi, Roya; Gieschen, Hans; Chu, Rosalie K.; Hoyt, David W.; Kyle, Jennifer E.; Toyoda, Jason; Tolic, Nikola; Heyman, Heino M.; Hess, Nancy J.; Metz, Thomas O.; Tfaily, Malak M. (November 2019). "Untargeted metabolomic profiling of Sphagnum fallax reveals novel antimicrobial metabolites". Plant Direct. 3 (11) e00179. Bibcode:2019PlanD...3E.179F. doi:10.1002/pld3.179. ISSN 2475-4455. PMC 6848953. PMID 31742243.
- ↑ Gąbka, Maciej; Lamentowicz, Mariusz (2008-12-01). "Vegetation-Environment Relationships in Peatlands Dominated by Sphagnum fallax in Western Poland". Folia Geobotanica. 43 (4): 413–429. Bibcode:2008FolGe..43..413G. doi:10.1007/s12224-008-9023-8. ISSN 1874-9348.
- ↑ Hintikka, V (1972). "Variation in gametophyte morphology of Sphagnum fallax in aseptic culture". Annales Botanici Fennici. 9 (2): 91–96. JSTOR 23724935.
- ↑ Jassey, Vincent E. J.; Chiapusio, GenevièVe; Gilbert, Daniel; Buttler, Alexandre; Toussaint, Marie-Laure; Binet, Philippe (September 2011). "Experimental climate effect on seasonal variability of polyphenol/phenoloxidase interplay along a narrow fen–bog ecological gradient in Sphagnum fallax". Global Change Biology. 17 (9): 2945–2957. Bibcode:2011GCBio..17.2945J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02437.x. ISSN 1354-1013.
- ↑ "Sphagnum fallax - British Bryological Society". British Bryological Society. Archived from the original on 2025-04-23. Retrieved 2026-04-24.
- ↑ McKnight, Karl B., ed. (2013). Common mosses of the Northeast and Appalachians. Princeton field guides. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-15696-5.
- ↑ Rastogi, Anshu; Antala, Michal; Gąbka, Maciej; Rosadziński, Stanisław; Stróżecki, Marcin; Brestic, Marian; Juszczak, Radosław (2020-05-25). "Impact of warming and reduced precipitation on morphology and chlorophyll concentration in peat mosses (Sphagnum angustifolium and S. fallax)". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 8592. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10.8592R. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65032-x. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7248058. PMID 32451474.
- ↑ Wichmann, S; Gaudig, G; Krebs, M; Joosten, H; Albrecht, K; Kumar, S (n.d.). "Sphagnum farming for replacing peat in horticultural substrates". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.