Saudi conquest of Hail
| Saudi conquest of Hail | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Unification of Saudi Arabia and the Aftermath of World War I | |||||||||
 Ibn Saud inspecting the captured Ottoman weapons after the surrender of the Emirate of Jabal Shammar | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Emirate of Jabal Shammar  | |||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
 Ibn Saud |
Muhammad bin Talal (POW) | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Unknown | 363 killed[1] | ||||||||
The Saudi conquest of Hail, also known as the Third Saudi–Rashidi War or the Fall of Hail, was a conflict between the Third Saudi State and the Emirate of Jabal Shammar, led by its final Rashidi ruler, Muhammad bin Talal. The Saudi forces were led by Ibn Saud. On 2 November 1921, Rashidi resistance collapsed, and the ruler of Jabal Shammar surrendered to Saudi forces, marking the end of the last Ottoman ally in the Arabian Peninsula.[2][3]
Aftermath
[edit]Following the surrender, Ibn Saud imprisoned Muhammad bin Talal and compelled him to divorce one of his wives, Noura bint Sibhan, whom Ibn Saud subsequently married.[4] Ibn Saud later divorced Noura[4] and went on to marry Jawaher, a daughter of Muhammad from another of his wives.[4]
Naming
[edit]The Emirate of Jabal Shammar had its capital in the city of Hail,[5] and was therefore also referred to as the "Emirate of Hail".[6] The Saudi conquest of Hail is sometimes incorrectly identified as the Second Saudi–Rashidi War.
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ↑ عبدالله بن محمد البسام. تحفة المشتاق في أخبار نجد والحجاز والعراق. p. 421.
- ↑ Pfullmann, Uwe (2001). Durch Wüste und Steppe: Entdeckerlexikon arabische Halbinsel : Biographien und Berichte (in German). Trafo. p. 193. ISBN 9783896263285.
Am 2. November 1921 erlosch der letzte Widerstand der Schammar-Stämme. (On November 2, 1921, the last resistance of the Shammar tribes died out.)
- ↑ "Unification of Saudi Arabia". Saudipedia. King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives (Darah). Retrieved 14 December 2025.
- 1 2 3 Henri Lauzière (2000). On the Origins of Arab Monarchy: Political Culture, Historiography, and the Emergence of the Modern Kingdoms in Morocco and Saudi Arabia (PDF) (MA thesis). Simon Fraser University. p. 67. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ The Statesman's Year Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the World. John Paxton. 1917. p. xliv.
... has its capital at Hail
- ↑ The Geographical Journal. Royal Geographical Society. 1911. p. 269.