Pyrola
| Pyrola | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Pyrola asarifolia | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Embryophytes |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Spermatophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Ericaceae |
| Subfamily: | Pyroloideae |
| Genus: | Pyrola L. |
| Type species | |
| Pyrola rotundifolia L.[1] | |
| Species | |
|
See here | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Pyrola /ˈpɪrələ/[3] is a genus of plants in the family Ericaceae native to the region spanning from the subarctic and temperate northern hemisphere to Guatemala and Sumatra.[2]
Description
[edit]Vegetative characteristics
[edit]
Pyrola are erect,[4] chlorophyllous or achlorophyllous,[5] up to 35–44 cm (14–17 in) tall herbs or subshrubs with single, glabrous stems.[4] The long, branched, slender rootstock bears fine roots.[6]
Generative characteristics
[edit]
The many-flowered,[6] racemose inflorescence with 1–4 scape bracts bears pedicellate, nodding, campanulate,[4] radially symmetric[5] or slightly zygomorphic flowers.[4] The pendulous, loculicidal capsule fruit bears approximately 1000 winged, spindle-shaped seeds.[5]
Cytology
[edit]Taxonomy
[edit]It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.[7][2] The lectotype is Pyrola rotundifolia L.[1]
Species
[edit]It has 42 accepted species:[2]
- Pyrola alboreticulata Hayata
- Pyrola alpina Andres
- Pyrola americana Sweet
- Pyrola angustifolia (Alef.) Hemsl.
- Pyrola aphylla Sm.
- Pyrola asarifolia Michx.
- Pyrola atropurpurea Franch.
- Pyrola calliantha Andres
- Pyrola carpatica Holub & Křísa
- Pyrola chlorantha Sw.
- Pyrola chouana Chang Y.Yang
- Pyrola corbierei H.Lév.
- Pyrola crypta Jolles
- Pyrola dahurica (Andres) Kom.
- Pyrola decorata Andres
- Pyrola dentata Sm.
- Pyrola elegantula Andres
- Pyrola elliptica Nutt.
- Pyrola faurieana Handres
- Pyrola forrestiana Andres
- Pyrola × graebneriana Seemen
- Pyrola grandiflora Radius
- Pyrola japonica Alef.
- Pyrola karakoramica Křísa
- Pyrola macrocalyx Ohwi
- Pyrola markonica Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou
- Pyrola mattfeldiana Andres
- Pyrola media Sw.
- Pyrola minor L.
- Pyrola morrisonensis (Hayata) Hayata
- Pyrola nephrophylla (Andres) Andres
- Pyrola norvegica Knaben
- Pyrola picta Sm.
- Pyrola renifolia Maxim.
- Pyrola rotundifolia L.
- Pyrola rugosa Andres
- Pyrola shanxiensis Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou
- Pyrola sororia Andres
- Pyrola subaphylla Maxim.
- Pyrola sumatrana Andres
- Pyrola szechuanica Andres
- Pyrola tschanbaischanica Y.L.Chou & Y.L.Chang
- Pyrola xinjiangensis Y.L.Chou & R.C.Zhou
Pharmacology
[edit]Pyrola elliptica, commonly known as "shinleaf", contains a drug related to aspirin, and the leaves have been used to treat bruises. Its common name derives from its use in shin casting.[8]
References
[edit]- 1 2 Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Pyrola L. Tropicos. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40021377
- 1 2 3 4 Pyrola L. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000769-2
- ↑ "pyrola". Oxford English Dictionary (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
- 1 2 3 4 5 Luteyn, J. L., & Pedraza-Peñalosa, P. (n.d.). PYROLA. New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.nybg.org/bsci/res/lut2/pyrola.html
- 1 2 3 Pyrola in Flora of North America @ efloras.org. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2026, from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=127777
- 1 2 3 Pyrola in Flora of China @ efloras.org. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2026, from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=127777
- ↑ Linné, Carl von, & Salvius, Lars. (1753). Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum :exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas... (Vol. 1, p. 396). Impensis Laurentii Salvii. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358415
- ↑ Niering, William A.; Olmstead, Nancy C. (1985) [1979]. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Knopf. p. 723. ISBN 0-394-50432-1.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Pyrola at Wikimedia Commons
