Propyl isocyanate
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
1-isocyanatopropane | |
Other names
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.458 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C4H7NO | |
| Molar mass | 85.106 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | colourless liquid with a pungent odor |
| Density | 0.908 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −30 °C (−22 °F; 243 K) |
| Boiling point | 83–84 °C (181–183 °F; 356–357 K) |
| decomposes in water | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling:[1] | |
    | |
| Danger | |
| H225, H302, H312, H315, H317, H318, H332, H334, H335 | |
| P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |
| Flash point | 0 °C (32 °F; 273 K) |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Propyl isocyanate is an organic chemical compound of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen with the linear formula CH3CH2CH2NCO.[2][3]
Synthesis
[edit]Propyl isocyanate is usually produced by a condensation reaction or by Fischer–Speier esterification with sulfuric acid as a catalyst.
Physical properties
[edit]Propyl isocyanate is sparingly soluble in water, reacts with water, but very soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether, chloroform, and most organic solvents.[4]
The compound forms a highly flammable, colorless liquid with a sharp odor. Very toxic by ingestion, may cause burns and death.[5][6]
Chemical properties
[edit]Propyl isocyanate reacts with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases and possesses antifungal and antibacterial properties. Reacts vigorously with water, producing a toxic vapor.[7]
Uses
[edit]The compound is used in production of other chemicals and insecticides.[8]
References
[edit]- ↑ PubChem. "Propyl isocyanate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-01-20.
- ↑ "Propyl isocyanate". Sigma Aldrich. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
- ↑ "CAS RN: 110-78-1, Product Number: I0139 Propyl Isocyanate". TCI Chemicals. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
- ↑ Kagakkai, Nihon (1990). Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. Chemical Society of Japan. p. 3488. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
- ↑ "n-Propyl isocyanate - Hazardous Agents | Haz-Map". haz-map.com. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
- ↑ "Propyl isocyanate | 110-78-1". Chemicalbook.com. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
- ↑ "n-Propyl isocyanate, 99% 5 g | Buy Online | Thermo Scientific Acros | Fisher Scientific". Fisher Scientific. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
- ↑ Pohanish, Richard P. (2012). Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens. William Andrew. p. 2248. ISBN 978-1-4377-7869-4. Retrieved 19 January 2026.