Persulfate

A persulfate (sometimes known as peroxysulfate or peroxodisulfate)^[1] is a compound containing the anions SO²⁻
₅ or S
₂O²⁻
₈.^[2] The anion SO²⁻
₅ contains one peroxide group per sulfur center, whereas in S
₂O²⁻
₈, the peroxide group bridges the sulfur atoms. In both cases, sulfur adopts the normal tetrahedral geometry typical for the S(VI) oxidation state. These salts are strong oxidizers.^[3]^[4]

Ions

Peroxomonosulfate ion, SO²⁻
₅
Peroxydisulfate S
₂O²⁻
₈

Acids

Peroxymonosulfuric acid (Caro's acid), H₂SO₅
Peroxydisulfuric acid, H₂S₂O₈

Example salts

Sodium peroxomonosulfate, Na₂SO₅
Potassium peroxymonosulfate, KHSO₅
Sodium persulfate (sodium peroxydisulfate), Na₂S₂O₈
Ammonium persulfate (ammonium peroxydisulfate), (NH₄)₂S₂O₈
Potassium persulfate (potassium peroxydisulfate), K₂S₂O₈
Oxone is a triple salt 2KHSO₅·KHSO₄·K₂SO₄

References

↑ Shafiee, Saiful Arifin; Aarons, Jolyon; Hamzah, Hairul Hisham (2018). "Electroreduction of Peroxodisulfate: A Review of a Complicated Reaction". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 165 (13): H785–H798. doi:10.1149/2.1161811jes. S2CID 106396614.
↑ Harald Jakob, Stefan Leininger, Thomas Lehmann, Sylvia Jacobi, Sven Gutewort. "Peroxo Compounds, Inorganic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_177.pub2. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ "Geo-Cleanse International". Geocleanse.com. Retrieved 2012-06-13.
↑ Wacławek, S., Lutze, H. V., Grübel, K., Padil, V.V.T., Černík, M., Dionysiou, D.D. (2017) (2017-12-15). "Chemistry of persulfates in water and wastewater treatment: A review". Chemical Engineering Journal. 330: 44–62. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.132.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

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[1] Shafiee, Saiful Arifin; Aarons, Jolyon; Hamzah, Hairul Hisham (2018). "Electroreduction of Peroxodisulfate: A Review of a Complicated Reaction". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 165 (13): H785–H798. doi:10.1149/2.1161811jes. S2CID 106396614.

[Ullmann-2] Harald Jakob, Stefan Leininger, Thomas Lehmann, Sylvia Jacobi, Sven Gutewort. "Peroxo Compounds, Inorganic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_177.pub2. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[3] "Geo-Cleanse International". Geocleanse.com. Retrieved 2012-06-13.

[4] Wacławek, S., Lutze, H. V., Grübel, K., Padil, V.V.T., Černík, M., Dionysiou, D.D. (2017) (2017-12-15). "Chemistry of persulfates in water and wastewater treatment: A review". Chemical Engineering Journal. 330: 44–62. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.132.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

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Ions

Acids

Example salts

References