Percoidei
| Percoidei | |
|---|---|
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| Coral grouper (Cephalopholis miniata) | |
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| Rainbow darter (Etheostoma caeruleum) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Suborder: | Percoidei |
| Superfamilies | |
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see text | |
Percoidei is a suborder of bony fishes in the order Perciformes. Many commercially harvested fish species are considered to be contained in this suborder, including the groupers, seabasses and perches.
Divisions
[edit]The following classification is based on Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes:[1]
- Suborder Percoidei
- Family Serranidae Swainson, 1839 (sea basses)
- Family Anthiadidae Poey, 1861 (fairy basslets or streamer basses)
- Family Epinephelidae Bleeker, 1874 (groupers)
- Family Liopropomatidae Poey, 1867 (painted basslets)
- Subfamily Liopropomatinae Poey, 1867
- Subfamily Diploprioninae Bleeker, 1874
- Family Grammistidae Bleeker, 1857 (soapfishes)
- Family Percidae Rafinesque, 1815 (perches and darters)
- Subfamily Percinae Rafinesque, 1815
- Subfamily Luciopercinae Jordan & Evermann, 1896
- Subfamily Etheostomatinae Agassiz, 1850
- Family Niphonidae Jordan, 1923 (Ara groupers)
- Family Trachinidae Rafinesque, 1815 (weeverfishes)
- Family Bembropidae Regan, 1913 (flatheads or duckbill flatheads)
The species in the family Grammistidae and the liopropomatid subfamily Diploprioninae[1] secrete a mucus-like toxin in their skin called grammistin, and when they are confined in a restricted space and subjected to stress, the mucus produces a foam that is toxic to nearby fish. These fishes are often called soapfishes.[2]
Former classification
[edit]Until recently, the Percoidei had a much more expanded treatment containing many different morphologically similar families. However, such a treatment is now known to be polyphyletic.[2]
- Suborder Percoidei
- Percoidea
- Centropomidae (Snooks)
- Latidae (Lates)
- Gerreidae (Mojarras)
- Centrogenyidae (False scorpionfishes)
- Perciliidae (Southern basses)
- Howellidae (Oceanic basslets)
- Acropomatidae (Lanternbellies)
- Epigonidae (Deepwater cardinalfishes)
- Polyprionidae (Wreckfishes)
- Lateolabracidae (Asian seaperches)
- Mullidae (Goatfishes)
- Glaucosomatidae (Pearl perches)
- Pempheridae (Sweepers)
- Oplegnathidae (Knifejaws)
- Kuhliidae (Flagtails)
- Leptobramidae (Beachsalmon)
- Bathyclupeidae (Bathyclupeids)
- Polynemidae (Threadfins)
- Toxotidae (Archerfishes)
- Arripidae (Australasian salmon (kahawai))
- Dichistiidae (Galjoen fishes)
- Kyphosidae (Sea chubs)
- Terapontidae (grunters or tigerperches)
- Percichthyidae (temperate perches)
- Sinipercidae (Chinese perches)
- Enoplosidae (Oldwives)
- Pentacerotidae (Armourheads)
- Dinopercidae (Cavebasses)
- Banjosiidae (Banjofishes)
- Centrarchidae (Sunfishes)
- Serranidae (Sea basses)
- Percidae (Perches)
- Lactariidae (False trevallies)
- Dinolestidae (Long-finned pikes)
- Scombropidae (Gnomefishes)
- Pomatomidae (Bluefishes)
- Bramidae (Pomfrets)
- Caristiidae (Manefishes)
- Possibly related to Acanthuriformes
- Monodactylidae (Moonfishes)
- Priacanthidae (Bigeyes (catalufas))
- Seven families which may have a relationship to Acanthuroidei, Monodactylidae, and Priacanthidae
- Leiognathidae (Ponyfishes, slimys, or slipmouths)
- Chaetodontidae (Butterflyfishes)
- Pomacanthidae (Angelfishes)
- Malacanthidae (Tilefishes)
- Haemulidae (Grunts)
- Hapalogenyidae (Barbeled grunters)
- Lutjanidae (Snappers)
- Caesionidae (Fusiliers)
- Superfamily Cirrhitoidea
- Cirrhitidae (Hawkfishes)
- Chironemidae (Kelpfishes)
- Aplodactylidae (Marblefishes)
- Cheilodactylidae (Morwongs)
- Latridae (Trumpeters)
- Superfamily Cepoloidea
- Cepolidae (Bandfishes)
- Superfamily Siganoidea
- Scatophagidae (Scats)
- Siganidae (Rabbitfishes)
- incertae sedis
- Percoidea
References
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Percoidei.
- 1 2 Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2025-02-10.
- 1 2 J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 430–467. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
- ↑ Labrax at Fossilworks.org
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