Penion mandarinus
| Penion mandarinus | |
|---|---|
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| Penion mandarinus with eggs at Kennon Cove in Flinders | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Austrosiphonidae |
| Genus: | Penion |
| Species: | P. mandarinus |
| Binomial name | |
| Penion mandarinus | |
| Synonyms | |
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list of synonyms
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Penion mandarinus, common name the mandarin penion, southern siphon whelk or Waite's buccinum whelk, is a species of medium-to-large predatory sea snail or whelk, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Austrosiphonidae.[10][11]
Description
[edit]Penion mandarinus is a medium-to-large sized species of siphon whelk.[12][13] The length of the holotype is 96 mm, its diameter 40 mm.
(Original description in Latin and French) The shell is ovate-fusiform in shape, somewhat swollen, and very finely transversely striated, with a dark brown coloration. The whorls are strongly convex. The siphonal canal is shorter than the spire. The aperture is elongated, and the inner side of the lip is grooved.
The shell is ovate and fusiform in shape, slightly swollen and fairly thick, and it is finely and uniformly striated, with a brown color tinged with red. The spire is composed of eight whorls, the first of which show a slight nodular appearance. The aperture is white, and the outer lip is strongly striated on the inside. [14]
The species could be confused with the sympatric species P. maximus, however P. mandarinus is typically smaller and has a smoother shell with a shorter siphonal canal.[12]
Example shells
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_-_Buccinidae_-_Mollusc_shell.jpeg)
Distribution
[edit]This marine species is endemic to Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria).[12][13][15]
Evolution
[edit]Penion mandarinus is closely related to another Australian species P. maximus.[13][16] The species have overlapping geographic ranges (sympatry) and may have evolved from a common ancestor via niche differentiation based on prey size and water depth.[16]
Subspecies
[edit]These subspecies have been previously recognised:
- Penion mandarinus mandarinus (Duclos, P.L., 1831)[12]
- Penion mandarinus waitei (Hedley, 1903)
References
[edit]- ↑ Duclos, P.L. 1831. Title unknown. Magasin de Zoologie 1(2): pl. 8.
- ↑ Iredale, T. 1925. Mollusca from the continental shelf of eastern Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 14(4): 243-270.
- ↑ Gray, J.E. 1839. Molluscous Animals, and their shells. pp. 101-155, pls 33-44 in Beechey, F.W. (ed.). The Zoology of Captain Beechey's Voyage compiled from the collections and notes made by Captain Beechey, the officers and naturalist of the expedition, during a voyage to the Pacific and Behring's Straits performed in His Majesty's Ship Blossom under the command of Captain F. W. Beechey, R. N., F. R. S., &c. in the years 1825, 26, 27, and 28. London : H.G. Bohn.
- ↑ Reeve, L.A. 1848. Monograph of the genus Fusus. pls 15-21 in Reeve, L.A. (ed). Conchologia Iconica. London : L. Reeve & Co. Vol. 4.
- ↑ Reeve, L.A. 1847. Monograph of the genus Fusus. pls 1-14 in Reeve, L.A. (ed). Conchologia Iconica. London : L. Reeve & Co. Vol. 4.
- ↑ Adams, A. & Angas, G.F. 1864. Descriptions of new species from Australian seas, in the collection of George French Angas. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1863(III): 418-428, pl. xxxvii
- ↑ Hedley, C. 1903. Scientific results of the trawling expedition of H.M.C.S. "Thetis" off the coast of New South Wales in February and March, 1898. Mollusca. Part II. Scaphopoda and Gastropoda. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 4(6): 325-402, pls 36-37.
- ↑ Iredale, T. 1929. Mollusca from the continental shelf of eastern Australia. No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum 17(4): 157-189, pls 38-41.
- ↑ Tate, R. 1891. Descriptions of new species of Australian Mollusca, recent and fossil. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 14: 257-265.
- ↑ Kantor, Yuri I.; Fedosov, Alexander E.; Kosyan, Alisa R.; Puillandre, Nicolas; Sorokin, Pavel A.; Kano, Yasunori; Clark, Roger; Bouchet, Philippe (2022). "Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 194 (3): 789–857. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab031.
- ↑ Bouchet, P.; Marshall, B.; Rosenberg, G. (2015). Penion mandarinus (Duclos, 1832). In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=594351 on 2016-07-06
- 1 2 3 4 Ponder, W.F. (1973). "A review of the Australian species of Penion Fischer (Neogastropoda: Buccinidae)". Journal of the Malacological Society of Australia. 2 (4): 401–428. doi:10.1080/00852988.1973.10673868.
- 1 2 3 Vaux, Felix; Hills, Simon F.K.; Marshall, Bruce A.; Trewick, Steven A.; Morgan-Richards, Mary (2017). "A phylogeny of Southern Hemisphere whelks (Gastropoda: Buccinulidae) and concordance with the fossil record". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 114 (2017): 367–381. Bibcode:2017MolPE.114..367V. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.06.018. PMID 28669812.
- ↑ Duclos, P.L. (1832). "Description of a new species of Fusus". Magasin de Zoologie. 2, Mollusque Pl. 8. Retrieved 24 April 2026.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. - ↑ Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
- 1 2 Vaux, Felix; Crampton, James S.C.; Trewick, Steven A.; Marshall, Bruce A.; Beu, Alan G.; Hills, Simon F.K.; Morgan-Richards, Mary (2018). "Evolutionary lineages of marine snails identified using molecular phylogenetics and geometric morphometric analysis of shells". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127 (October 2018): 626–637. Bibcode:2018MolPE.127..626V. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.009. PMID 29913310. S2CID 49303166.
External links
[edit]- Hedley, C. (1903). "Scientific results of the trawling expedition of H.M.C.S. "Thetis" off the coast of New South Wales, in February and March, 1896. Mollusca. Part II. Scaphopoda and Gastropoda" (PDF). Memoirs of the Australian Museum. 4: 373. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1967.4.1903.1502.
- Gray, J. E. & Sowerby, G. B. I. (1839). Molluscous animals and their shells. Pp. 103-155, pls 33-34 [pp. 103-142 by J. E. Gray, 143-155 by G. B. Sowerby I. In: The zoology of Capt. Beechey's voyage, compiled from the collections on notes made by Captain Beechey, the officers and naturalist of the expedition during a voyage to the Pacific and Behring's straits in his Majesty's ship Blossom, under the command of Captain F. W. Beechey in the years 1825, 26, 27 and 28. London pp. XII + 186 + 44 pl]
- Reeve, L.A. (1847–1848). Monograph of the genus Fusus. In: Conchologia Iconica, or, illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals, vol. 4. London: L. Reeve & Co. p. 16.
- Adams, A. & Angas, G. F. (1864). "Descriptions of new species of shells from the Australian seas, in the collection of George French Angas". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1863: 422.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Iredale, T. (1925). "Mollusca from the continental shelf of eastern Australia". Records of the Australian Museum. 14 (4): 261. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.14.1925.845.
- Iredale, T. (1929). "Mollusca from the continental shelf of eastern Australia. No 2". Records of the Australian Museum. 17 (4): 182. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.17.1929.759.
- Tate, R. (1891). "Descriptions of new species of Australian Mollusca, Recent and fossil". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. 14: 258.
- Darragh, T.A. (2024). "A checklist of Australian marine Cenozoic Mollusca". Memoirs of Museum Victoria. 83: 96. doi:10.24199/j.mmv.2024.83.02.
- World Register of Marine Species: Penion mandarinus (Duclos, 1832)
- Molluscs of Tasmania: Buccinidae - Siphonaliinae: Penion mandarinus (Duclos, 1831) ('mandarin whelk')
- Seashells of New South Wales: Penion mandarinus (Duclos, 1831))
- "Penion mandarinus". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
- Natural History Museum Rotterdam - Mollusca - Gastropoda - Buccinidae
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