Parapiptadenia rigida
| Parapiptadenia rigida | |
|---|---|
,_Parapiptadenia_rigida,_em_Bag%C3%A9,_RS,_Brasil_-_55313130452.jpg) | |
| Tree in Brazil | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Embryophytes |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Caesalpinioideae |
| Clade: | Mimosoid clade |
| Genus: | Parapiptadenia |
| Species: | P. rigida |
| Binomial name | |
| Parapiptadenia rigida | |
 | |
| Range of Parapiptadenia rigida | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
,_Parapiptadenia_rigida_-_55316083344.jpg)
Parapiptadenia rigida is a perennial shrub or tree. It is not a threatened species. It is native to Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Common names include angico, angico-cedro, angico-do-banhado, angico-dos-montes, angico-verdadeiro, angico-vermelho (in Spanish angico is changed for anchico), guarucaia and paric.[2]
Parapiptadenia rigida grows from about 18 to 30 m (59 to 98 ft) in height and it has a straight trunk which has slightly furrowed bark. The foliage is dark green and the flowers are greenish-yellow 5 to 9 cm (2.0 to 3.5 in) long. It blooms in the spring. The seed pods grow 9 to 16 cm (3.5 to 6.3 in) in length. The seeds are flat, oval and brown. It is found along the lengths of rivers.
Uses
[edit]Essential oils
[edit]Essential oils from the tree are becoming more widely recognized in industrial fragrance production.[3]
Gum
[edit]Gum from the tree can be used in the same way as gum arabic.[4]
Traditional uses
[edit]Extracts from the tree have astringent, expectorant, anti-diarrheal, and hemorrhage-arresting properties.[citation needed][5] It is used for its antiseptic properties in southern Brazil.[6] The bark has a high tannin content of 15.0%[7] and it is used in folk medicine as a bitter-tasting tonic and body cleanser.[citation needed] It is used to treat rickets, lack of appetite and muscle weakness.[8] Parapiptadenia rigida is psychoactive.[9][verification needed]
Tannin
[edit]Wood
[edit]Its dense, wood is resistant to the elements and is used for construction,[11] carpentry, beams for bridges,[8] poles and firewood.[12] The wood is said to be unaffected by insects including termites and it can last more than 20 years unpainted.
Mechanical properties
[edit]It has a "Janka Hardness" of 2300–3700 lb.,[13] a parallel "bending strength" of 16900 psi, a parallel "compression strength" of 8500 psi and a density of 720–1199 kg/m3[14][15] at a moisture content of 12–15%. Its modulus of elasticity is 157 801 kg/cm2.[16]
For hardwood flooring it is called "pepperwood".[13]
References
[edit]- ↑ "Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
- ↑ International Legume Database & Information Service (ILDIS)
- ↑ Perfumer and Flavorist Magazine Archived 2007-07-04 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Anadenanthera: Visionary Plant of Ancient South America By Constantino Manuel Torres, David B. Repke, p. 98
- ↑ PDF Múltiplos Usos de Espécies Vegetais Pela Farmacologia Guarani Através De Iinformações Històricas
- ↑ Bionews Online
- ↑ Google Books Anadenanthera: Visionary Plant of Ancient South America By Constantino Manuel Torres, David B. Repke p. 96
- 1 2 Árvoresdeirati [dead link]
- ↑ Index of Rätsch, Christian. Enzyklopädie der psychoaktiven Pflanzen, Botanik, Ethnopharmakologie und Anwendungen, 7. Auflage. AT Verlag, 2004, 941 Seiten. ISBN 3-85502-570-3 at "DeutschesFachbuch.de : Enzyklopädie der psychoaktiven Pflanzen Botanik, Ethnopharmakologie und Anwendungen von Christian Rätsch". Archived from the original on 2007-10-10. Retrieved 2007-06-13.
- ↑ Anadenanthera: Visionary Plant of Ancient South America By Constantino Manuel Torres, David B. Repke
- ↑ Florestar Estatístico Archived 2004-11-23 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Bericht ueber die Exkursion des Lehrstuhls fuer Vegetationsoekologie durch Suedamerika 2005 Archived 2006-10-01 at the Wayback Machine
- 1 2 "J.G. Architectural". Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-05-26.
- ↑ "Argentinean Hard Woods". Archived from the original on 2007-04-27. Retrieved 2007-05-26.
- ↑ "World AgroForestry". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-05-26.
- ↑ Ficha Técnica: Anchico Colorado (Spanish) Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine