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Hypoptopomatinae

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(Redirected from Otothyrini)

Hypoptopomatinae
Otocinclus cocama
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Loricariidae
Subfamily: Hypoptopomatinae
C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1890[1]
Genera

see text

The Hypoptopomatinae are a subfamily of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Loricariidae,[2] composed of 32 genera and approximately 265 species.[3] This subfamily represents about one-tenth of all loricariid species.[4]

Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes does not recognise tribes within the Loricariidae,[5] but other authorities have divided this taxon into three tribes, Hypoptopomatini, Neoplecostomini and Otothyrini. However, in a 2005 analysis, Otothyrini was found to not be monophyletic, with its representatives comprising a paraphyletic group in relation to the tribe Hypoptopomatini.[6] More recent phylogenetic evidence shows that Hypoptopomatini and Otothyrini, while each are monophyletic tribes, do not form a monophyletic subfamily, and therefore should each be recognized as their own individual subfamilies.[7] Problematically, the most recent Hypoptopomatine genera, Gymnotocinclus and Rhinolekos, were not classified in either of the tribes.[8][9] Gymnotocinclus was subsequently invalidated when it was synonymised with Corumbataia in 2019.[10]

Almost all species of Hypoptopomatinae have a diploid number of 2n = 54; this group is karyotypically very conserved.[11]

Hypoptopomatinae are distributed east of the Andes in South America from Venezuela to northern Argentina.[12] Most of the hypoptopomatine species are usually found at or near the water surface, typically in close association with riverbank vegetation or some subsurface structure.[13]

Genera

[edit]

Hypoptopomatinae contains the following genera:[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 1–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
  2. ↑ Ribeiro, Alexandre C.; Carvalho, Murilo; Melo, Alex L. A. (2005). "Description and relationships of Otothyropsis marapoama, a new genus and species of Hypoptopomatine catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from rio Tietê basin, southeastern Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology. 3 (4): 489–498. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252005000400006. hdl:11449/26922.
  3. 1 2 Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Hypoptopomatinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 25 March 2026.
  4. ↑ Reis, Roberto E.; Schaefer, Scott A. (December 21, 1998). "New Cascudinhos from Southern Brazil: Systematics, Endemism, and Relationships (Siluriformes, Loricariidae, Hypoptopomatinae)" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (3254): 1–25.
  5. ↑ Richard van der Laan; Ronald Fricke (eds.). "Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Classification". Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 25 March 2026.
  6. ↑ Gauger, Marco F. W.; Buckup, Paulo Andreas (2005). "Two new species of Hypoptopomatinae from the rio Paraíba do Sul basin, with comments on the monophyly of Parotocinclus and the Otothyrini (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)". Neotropical Ichthyology. 3 (4): 509–518. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252005000400008.
  7. ↑ Cramer, Christian A.; Bonatto, Sandro L.; Reis, Roberto E. (2011). "Molecular phylogeny of the Neoplecostominae and Hypoptopomatinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) using multiple genes". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 59 (1): 43–52. Bibcode:2011MolPE..59...43C. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.01.002. PMID 21241812.
  8. ↑ de Oliveira Martins, F.; Langeani, F. (2011). "Rhinolekos, a new genus with three new species of Hypoptopomatinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from upper rio Paraná". Neotropical Ichthyology. 9 (1): 65–78. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252011000100004. hdl:11449/22345.
  9. ↑ Carvalho, Tiago Pinto; Lehmann A., Pablo; Reis, Roberto E. (2008). "Gymnotocinclus anosteos, a new uniquely-plated genus and species of loricariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from the upper rio Tocantins basin, central Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology. 6 (3): 329–338. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252008000300006.
  10. ↑ Roxo FF; Ochoa LE; Sabaj MH; Lujan NK; Covain R; Silva GSC; Melo BF; Albert JS; Chang J; Foresti F; Alfaro ME; Oliveira C. (2019). "Phylogenomic reappraisal of the Neotropical catfish family Loricariidae (Teleostei: Siluriformes) using ultraconserved elements". Mol Phylogenet Evol. 135: 148–165. Bibcode:2019MolPE.135..148R. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2019.02.017. hdl:11449/190212. PMID 30802595.
  11. ↑ Andreata, Artur Antonio; Oliveira, Claudio; Foresti, Fausto (2006). "Karyological characterization of four Neotropical fish species of the genus Hisonotus (Teleostei, Loricariidae, Hypoptopomatinae) from distinct Brazilian river basins" (PDF). Genet. Mol. Biol. 29 (1): 62–66. doi:10.1590/S1415-47572006000100013.
  12. ↑ Ferreira, Katiane M.; Ribeiro, Alexandre C. (2007). "Corumbataia britskii (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) a new species from the upper Rio Paraná basin, Mato Grosso do Sul, Central Brazil" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1386: 59–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1386.1.7.
  13. ↑ de Brito, Marcelo F. G.; Caramaschi, Érica P. (2005). "An albino armored catfish Schizolecis guntheri (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from an Atlantic Forest coastal basin" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 3 (1): 123–125. doi:10.1590/s1679-62252005000100009.
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