Medusafish
| Medusafish Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rudderfish (Centrolophus niger) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Clade: | Percomorpha |
| Order: | Scombriformes |
| Suborder: | Stromateoidei |
| Family: | Centrolophidae Bonaparte, 1846[1] |
| Genera | |
|
see text | |
Medusafishes are a family, Centrolophidae, of scombriform ray-finned fishes. The family includes about 31 species. They are found in temperate and tropical waters throughout the world.
Young Icichthys lockingtoni specimens are abundant in the coastal waters of the north Pacific, where they are often found in association with jellyfish, which provide them with protection from predators and opportunities to scavenge the remains of the jellyfishes' meals.
The oldest known fossil member of the group known from articulated remains is Butyrumichthys from the earliest Ypresian of the Fur Formation in Denmark.[2] Slightly older fossil otoliths of Eomupus sinuosus are also known from the Selandian of Denmark;[3][4] the same or similar species was also reported from the Paleocene Aquia Formation (Maryland, United States).[5]
Genera
[edit]The following genera are classified within the family Centrolophidae:[6]
- Centrolophus Lacépède, 1802
- Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859
- Icichthys Jordan & Gilbert, 1880
- Psenopsis Gill, 1862
- Schedophilus Cocco, 1839
- Seriolella Guichenot, 1848
- Tubbia Whitley, 1943
The following fossil genera are also known:
- †Agarcia Baciu & Bannikov, 2004 (Early Oligocene of Romania)[7]
- †Butyrumichthys Schrøder, Rasmussen, Møller & Carnevale, 2022 (Early Eocene of Denmark)[2]
- †Eogorgon Calzoni, Giusberti & Carnevale, 2025 (Early Eocene of Italy)[8]
- †Eomupus Schwarzhans et al, 2026 [otolith] (middle Paleocene to late Oligocene of Europe and North America)[3][4]
- †Petrodavia Baciu & Bannikov, 2004 (Early Oligocene of Romania)[7]
- †Zorzinia Bannikov, 2000 (Early Eocene of Italy)[9]
The placements of Butyrumichthys, Petrodavia, and Agarcia are tentative.[2][7]
Timeline of genera
[edit]
References
[edit]- ↑ Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230.
- 1 2 3 Schrøder, Ane Elise; Rasmussen, Jan Audun; Møller, Peter Rask; Carnevale, Giorgio (2022-09-30). "Butyrumichthys henricii gen. et sp. nov.: a new stromateiform fish from the lower Eocene Fur Formation, Denmark". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 42 (3) e2171798. Bibcode:2022JVPal..42E1798S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2023.2171798. ISSN 0272-4634.
- 1 2 Schwarzhans, W. W.; Schnetler, K. I.; Nielsen, K. A.; Nielsen, M. S.; Madsen, H. (2026). "Otoliths from the late Oligocene Brejning Formation of Denmark – a testimony of a deep, cool-water fish fauna". Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. 75: 73–133. Bibcode:2026BuGSD..75...73S. doi:10.37570/bgsd-2026-75-05.
- 1 2 Schwarzhans, Werner (2003-09-08). "Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark". GEUS Bulletin. 2: 1–96. doi:10.34194/geusb.v2.4696. ISSN 2597-2154.
- ↑ Stringer, Gary L.; Grimsley, Gary J.; Fonger, George C.; Carpenter, Jeffrey D. (2026). "Taxonomy, palaeoecology and biostratigraphy of the Palaeocene teleostean otolith assemblages of the Aquia Formation (Selandian Piscataway and Thanetian Paspotansa members), Maryland, USA, including new genera and species". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. doi:10.1080/08912963.2026.2645139.
- ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Centrolophidae". FishBase. December 2019 version.
- 1 2 3 Baciu, Dorin Sorin; Bannikov, Alexandre F. (2004). "New stromateoid fishes (Perciformes, Stromateoidei) from the Lower Oligocene of Romania". Journal of Ichthyology. 44 (3): 199–207.
- ↑ Calzoni, Pietro; Giusberti, Luca; Carnevale, Giorgio (2025-07-29). "THE YPRESIAN FISHES OF THE SOLTERI LAGERSTÄTTE (TRENTO, NORTHERN ITALY): A GLIMPSE INTO THE EARLY EOCENE TETHYAN MESOPELAGIC ASSEMBLAGES". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 131 (2) 28705. Bibcode:2025RIPS..13128705C. doi:10.54103/2039-4942/28705. hdl:11577/3557823. ISSN 2039-4942.
- ↑ "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
- ↑ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-19.
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