Flip-top
A flip-top, swing-top, lightning toggle, or Quillfeldt stopper (after the inventor, Charles de Quillfeldt) is a type of bail closure frequently used for bottles containing carbonated beverages, such as beer or mineral water. The mouth of the bottle is sealed by a stopper, usually made of porcelain or plastic, fitted with a rubber gasket and held in place by a permanently attached wire bail. The bottle can be opened and resealed repeatedly without the use of a bottle opener, with the wires acting in the same way as a latch clamp. The flip-top was the dominant method of sealing beer and mineral water bottles prior to the invention of the crown cork.
History
[edit]Prior to the creation of the flip-top bottle, bottles were often made from blown glass and sealed with a cork, which was difficult to open by hand and often unreliable, particularly for carbonated beverages such as mineral water or beer.
A precursor to the flip-top, the "bail" or "Kilner" closure was invented in 1859, where a lid with gasket was held by a wire harness and sealed by a separate set of wires.
The first flip-top closure was created by Charles de Quillfeldt in the United States, who filed for a patent on 30 November 1874.[1][2] The rights were purchased by Henry W. Putnam who adapted the design for use on fruit jars. He received a patent 25 April 1882, called "Trademark Lightning" and the jars became known as the lightning jars.[3] Several other varieties have been developed.[4]
Many homebrewers prefer flip-top bottles, since they are easy to close after filling, and negate the need of a separate capping device.
Gallery
[edit]- Various flip-top closures
Preserving jar with bail closure, opened and closed
Unopened Grolsch beer bottle
Flip-top seal used for crown cork bottles
Flip-top beer bottles
Mini bottle of herbal liqueur
Pottery jug with bail closure
Aluminum flip-top bottle
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ US 158406, de Quillfedlt, Charles, "Improvement in Bottle-Stoppers", published 5 January 1875
- ↑ Putnam and another v. von Hofe. 10 February 1881 in: Federal Reporter, Nr. 6, pp. 897-902
- ↑ "Lightning jars"- Retrieved 2017-09-08
- ↑ US 603724, Broome, Lewis H., "Bottle-Stopper", published 10 May 1898
Further reading
[edit]
- Yam, K.L., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 2009, ISBN 978-0-470-08704-6
