Kopexil

Kopexil
Names
	IUPAC names 2,3-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-imino-4-pyrimidinamine; 2,4-Diaminopyrimidine 3-N-oxide
	Other names Aminexil
Identifiers
CAS Number	113275-13-1 ; 74638-76-9 (pyridine oxide tautomer) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	10445922;
EC Number	616-121-2;
PubChem CID	10197687;
UNII	1756681479;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID40996155 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H6N4O/c5-3-1-2-7-4(6)8(3)9/h1-2H,5H2,(H2,6,7) Key: SGHQFNHCCOBUKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N; InChI=1S/C4H6N4O/c5-3-1-2-7-4(6)8(3)9/h1-2,6,9H,5H2 Key: YTKGAYFHUZTLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES c1cnc([n+](c1N)[O-])N;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H6N4O
Molar mass	126.119 g·mol−1
Appearance	white odorless crystals
Melting point	210 to 218 °C (410 to 424 °F; 483 to 491 K)
Solubility in water	slightly soluble
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302
Precautionary statements	P264, P270, P301+P312, P330, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Kopexil (INCI name diaminopyrimidine oxide, trade name Aminexil) is a chemical compound similar to minoxidil. Minoxidil was originally used to treat high blood pressure; a side effect was increased body hair. Both compounds have been used for therapy of alopecia.^[2] Kopexil is not approved for use as a drug in the United States or in Europe.

Chemical structure

Kopexil is an N-oxide, a group of substances in which the nitrogen atom of a tertiary amine is oxidized. The compound can exist in two tautomeric forms.

Mechanism of action

The exact mechanism of action of kopexil is unknown. There is some evidence of therapeutic effect for kopexil against alopecia.^[3]^[4]

References

1 2 3 MSDS for Kopexil at Kumar Organics. Archived 2015-07-22 at the Wayback Machine March 28th 2012.
↑ Trüeb, RM; de Viragh, PA (February 2001). "[Status of scalp hair and therapy of alopecia in men in Switzerland]". Praxis (Bern 1994). 90: 241–8. PMID 11256223.
↑ Wolfgang Raab: Haarerkrankungen in der dermatologischen Praxis, p. 82, at Google Books (German).
↑ Jalilzadeh, Sina; Hamishehkar, Hamed; Monajjemzadeh, Farnaz (2024-08-11). "Kopexil vs minoxidil: In vivo comparative study on hair growth, hair growth promoting factors and toxicity". BioImpacts. doi:10.34172/bi.30484. ISSN 2228-5652. PMC 12008251. PMID 40256238.

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[kumar-1] 1 2 3 MSDS for Kopexil at Kumar Organics. Archived 2015-07-22 at the Wayback Machine March 28th 2012.

[2] Trüeb, RM; de Viragh, PA (February 2001). "[Status of scalp hair and therapy of alopecia in men in Switzerland]". Praxis (Bern 1994). 90: 241–8. PMID 11256223.

[3] Wolfgang Raab: Haarerkrankungen in der dermatologischen Praxis, p. 82, at Google Books (German).

[4] Jalilzadeh, Sina; Hamishehkar, Hamed; Monajjemzadeh, Farnaz (2024-08-11). "Kopexil vs minoxidil: In vivo comparative study on hair growth, hair growth promoting factors and toxicity". BioImpacts. doi:10.34172/bi.30484. ISSN 2228-5652. PMC 12008251. PMID 40256238.

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v t e Nonsympatholytic vasodilatory antihypertensives (C02)
Nitrovasodilator (arterioles and venules)	Nitroprusside #
Hydrazinophthalazines (arterioles)	Hydralazine # Dihydralazine Endralazine Cadralazine Pildralazine
Potassium channel openers (arterioles)	Minoxidil Diazoxide
Calcium channel blockers (arterioles)	see list
^#WHO-EM ^‡Withdrawn from market Clinical trials: ^†Phase III ^§Never to phase III

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Chemical structure

Mechanism of action

References