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Draft:Language Grid

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Language Grid (言語グリッド, Gengo Guriddo) is an online multilingual service platform developed in Japan. It integrates language resources such as dictionaries, bilingual corpora, and machine translation systems using web service technologies, and users combine them to configure customized multilingual environments.[1] Its operation started in 2007 as a research project centered on the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) and Kyoto University, and after developing into an international network, the operating body was transferred to the NPO Language Grid Association in 2017.[1] This project received the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE) Achievement Award in 2012,[2] and its service-oriented design architecture is adopted by projects such as the LAPPS Grid in the U.S. and the European Language Grid in Europe.[3][4]

Background and design

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The origin of the Language Grid is the "Intercultural Collaboration Experiment" conducted among universities in Japan, China, South Korea, and Malaysia in 2002.[1] In this experiment, students collaboratively developed open-source software using existing machine translation engines. However, in addition to the quality of machine translation at the time not being sufficient, there was an issue that translation could not be customized using the technical terms of software development and project jargon. To solve the customization issue in general, the Language Grid was developed using a service-oriented architecture (SOA). For example, it wrapped language resources such as specialized dictionaries, part-of-speech taggers and machine translation as web-based "atomic services," combined these to configure "composite services," and made it possible to build translation environments suited to the specific needs of multilingual communities.[1] Experimental operation began in 2007, and the server software was released as open source in 2010.[5]

A platform that shares language resources and builds language environments tailored to user needs.

Operation

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In the operation of the Language Grid, the Kyoto Operation Center (established at Kyoto University in 2007 and operationally transferred to the NPO Language Grid Association in 2017) linked atomic services around the world to provide composite services. After that, operation centers were opened in Thailand, Indonesia, and China, and were interconnected. According to a 2018 report by the project developers, 183 groups from 24 countries and regions participated, and 226 services were shared.[6] Also, cooperation with the European Language Resources Association (ELRA) and the Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) was conducted.[1]

Adoption by third parties

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The customized multilingual environments provided by the Language Grid, and the server software, were adopted by several third parties.

Multilingual agricultural support (YMC model)

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From 2011 to 2014, a rice-cultivation support project in Vĩnh Long province in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam utilized the Language Grid.[7] This was implemented through the collaboration of the Vietnamese Ministry of Agriculture, the NPO Pangaea, and several universities and research institutes in Japan and Vietnam. Because the computer literacy of the local farmers was limited, the project adopted the "Youth Mediated Communication (YMC)" model. In this model, children of Vietnamese farmers learned rice cultivation and computers, and mediated communication between Japanese agricultural experts and the farmers who were their parents.[7] This initiative was reported by the Ho Chi Minh City Department of Education and Training, and Vietnamese national media.[8][9][10]

Medical interpretation support

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Wakayama University and the NPO Multicultural Center Kyoto, whose business is dispatching volunteer interpreters to hospitals, jointly developed a multilingual medical communication support system using the Language Grid. This system was introduced at the reception desks of multiple hospitals, and supported communication between foreign patients and local medical staff.[11]

Academic evolution and integrations

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The service-oriented architecture and software of the Language Grid were utilized in several initiatives to build multilingual infrastructures. The "Language Application Grid (LAPPS Grid)" in the United States, which received funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF), adopted the server software of the Language Grid to improve interoperability among natural language processing (NLP) tools.[3] In Europe, the "European Language Grid (ELG)" project (2019–2022) adopted the service-oriented approach.[4] Also, the Open Multilingual Wordnet project cites the Language Grid's approach based on open licenses and standardized interfaces as a fundamental scheme for building language infrastructures.[12]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Ishida, Toru; Murakami, Yohei; Lin, Donghui; Nakaguchi, Takao; Otani, Masayuki (2018). "Language Service Infrastructure on the Web: The Language Grid". Computer. 51 (6). IEEE: 72–81. Bibcode:2018Compr..51f..72I. doi:10.1109/MC.2018.2701643.
  2. ^ "IEICE Achievement Award Winners 2012". The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE). 2012. Retrieved 2026-02-20.
  3. ^ a b Ide, Nancy; Potthast, Christian; Suderman, Keith; others (2014). "The Language Application Grid". Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2014). European Language Resources Association (ELRA). pp. 3516–3522.
  4. ^ a b Rehm, Georg; Berger, Maria; Elsholz, Ela; others (2020). "European Language Grid: An Overview". Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2020). European Language Resources Association (ELRA). pp. 3366–3380.
  5. ^ "Open Language Grid". Service Grid Open Source Project. Retrieved 2026-02-20.
  6. ^ Murakami, Yohei; Lin, Donghui; Ishida, Toru, eds. (2018). Services Computing for Language Resources. Cognitive Technologies. Cham: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7793-7. ISBN 978-981-10-7792-0.
  7. ^ a b Togami, Takashi; Ninomiya, Seishi; Yamamoto, Kyosuke; Mori, Yumiko; others (2012). "Field and Weather Monitoring with Youths as Sensors for Agricultural Decision Support". Agricultural Information Research. 21 (3): 65–75. doi:10.3173/air.21.65.
  8. ^ "Society in brief 5/2: Students help parents with farming via IT". VietnamNet. 2013-02-13. Retrieved 2026-02-23.
  9. ^ "Trẻ em làm nông bằng công nghệ (Children doing farming using technology)" (in Vietnamese). Tuổi Trẻ. 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2026-02-23.
  10. ^ "Khi học sinh đi làm lúa (When students go to work in the rice fields)" (in Vietnamese). Sài Gòn Giải Phóng. 2013-02-13. Retrieved 2026-02-23.
  11. ^ Miyabe, Mai; Yoshino, Takashi (2009). "Design of Face-to-Face Multilingual Communication Environment for Illiterate People". Internationalization, Design and Global Development (IDGD 2009). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5623. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 283–292. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02767-3_32.
  12. ^ Bond, Francis; Foster, Ryan (2013). "Linking and Extending an Open Multilingual Wordnet". Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2013). pp. 1352–1362.
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Category:2007 establishments in Japan Category:Internet properties established in 2007 Category:Kyoto University Category:Linguistics websites Category:Corpora Category:Computational linguistics

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