Confravision
Confravision was an early British studio-based city-to-city videoconferencing service in the United Kingdom, launched in 1971 by Post Office Telecommunications.[1][2][3] In 1972, Confravision was available between studios in Bristol, Birmingham, Glasgow, London, and Manchester.[4]
The studio locations were:
- Euston Tower[4]
- 2-12 Gresham Street, London[1]
- Telephone House, Birmingham[1]
- Clifton Heights, Bristol[1]
- India House, Glasgow[1]
- Bridgewater House, Manchester[1]
The interior design of the studios was by the industrial designer Kenneth Grange.[4] Each studio had seating and microphones for five participants. Up to three sites could be connected at one time. Calls could be booked either by telephone or telex.[1]
The Confravision system was still in use in 1982.[5] A Confravision department was still listed in BT's internal directory in 1986.[6]
Development
[edit]The Confravision service developed from early experiments using microwave radio links between Post Office Telecommunication's headquarters in Gresham Street and the Post Office Research Station in Dollis Hill.[7]
Sound-in-sync digital audio transmission was used on some links where there could not be separate audio and video paths.[7]
Experimental services were launched in 1975 connecting Confravision to Sweden and the Netherlands.[1]
Following the early developments in Confravision, digital video compression techniques would substantially reduce the bandwidth needed for videoconferencing.[8] Experimental tests were made[when?] of transatlantic videoconferencing between the British Confravision system and AT&T's Picturephone service over a 1.544 Mbit/s T-carrier digital circuit running over the TAT-6 transatlantic analog submarine cable.[9]
References
[edit]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Post Office Telecommunications DLB 202" (PDF). www.samhallas.co.uk. July 1975. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2025-11-01. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
- ↑ "Bridgewater House". www.engagingwithcommunications.com. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
- ↑ "CW@50: How networking became the core of IT". ComputerWeekly.com. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
- 1 2 3 Chung, Kokon (October 1971). "Conference Visionaries". Design Journal. Archived from the original on 2025-10-07. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
- ↑ "Information Technology Year 1982" (PDF). Post Office Electrical Engineers' Journal. 74. part 4 p. 351. January 1982.
- ↑ Egan, Manus (1986), "British Telecom — Specialist Divisions", in Egan, Manus (ed.), Communications: The Most Comprehensive Guide to the UK Telecommunications Industry, London: Macmillan Education UK, pp. 47–48, doi:10.1007/978-1-349-07816-5_14, ISBN 978-1-349-07816-5, retrieved 2026-01-19
- 1 2 Hayworth, J. E. (1972). "Confravision" (PDF). Post Office Electrical Engineers' Journal. 64. part 4, p. 202.
- ↑ Parke, I. (1999), "The Evolution of Conferencing", in Sheppard, P. J.; Walker, G. R. (eds.), Telepresence, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 14–25, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5291-8_2, ISBN 978-1-4615-5291-8, retrieved 2026-01-17
- ↑ Cotton, Robert V.; Schaphorst, Richard A. (May 1983). "Study of potential standardization of video teleconferencing systems. Volume 1 – Final report, National Communication System Technical Information Bulletin 83-4" (PDF). apps.dtic.mil. Retrieved 2026-01-19.
External links
[edit]- Confravision news report by British Movietone News, 1967 on YouTube
- First public demonstration of experimental Confravision system, 1967 hosted on Facebook
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