Carbendazim
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Methyl (1H-1,3-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate | |
| Other names
Mercarzole Carbendazole | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.108 |
| KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
|
| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C9H9N3O2 | |
| Molar mass | 191.187 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to light gray powder |
| Density | 1.45 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 302 to 307 °C (576 to 585 °F; 575 to 580 K) (decomposes) |
| 8 mg/L
Disintegration = 302 -305 degree Temperature of disintegration = 1.5 - 2 hrs | |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.48 |
| Hazards | |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
Disintegration temp = 302 - 305 degree
Disintegration temp = 1.5 - 2 hrs |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Carbendazim is a systematic benzimidazole fungicide of the carbamate class and a metabolite of the fungicide benomyl.[2] It is used to control fungal diseases in cereals and fruits, including citrus, bananas, strawberries, macadamia nuts, pineapples, and pomes.[3] A 4.7% solution of carbendazim hydrochloride, sold as Eertavas, is marketed as a treatment for Dutch elm disease.[4]
Other uses
[edit]It is also employed as a casting worm control agent in amenity turf situations such as golf greens, tennis courts etc. and in some countries is licensed for that use only.[5]
Safety, regulation, controversy
[edit]High doses of carbendazim destroy the testicles of laboratory animals.[6][7]
Maximum pesticide residue limits (MRLs) for fresh produce in the EU are between 0.1 and 0.7 mg/kg with the exception of loquat fruits, which is set at 2 mg/kg.[8] The limits for more commonly consumed citrus and pome fruits are between 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg.
Use of this fungicide on macadamia plantations has proven controversial in Queensland.[4]
References
[edit]- ↑ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 1794.
- ↑ Dreikorn, Barry A.; Owen, W. John (2000). "Fungicides, Agricultural". Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0621140704180509.a01. ISBN 978-0-471-48494-3.
- ↑ Wight, Andrew (14 January 2009). "Two-headed fish mystery deepens". Stock & Land. Archived from the original on 19 October 2009.
- 1 2 Marissa Calligeros (2009-02-02). "Fungicide maker in birth defect storm". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ↑ "Getting the best worm control". Archived from the original on 2017-07-24. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
- ↑ Aire, TA (August 2005). "Short-term effects of carbendazim on the gross and microscopic features of the testes of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)". Anatomy and Embryology. 210 (1): 43–9. doi:10.1007/s00429-005-0001-0. PMID 16034611. S2CID 8526462.
- ↑ "Carbendazim use banned on fruit crops". ABC. 5 February 2010.
- ↑ "EU Pesticides Database". Retrieved 24 February 2012.
- 1 2 Hertfordshire, University of. "Carbendazim (Ref: BAS 346F)". sitem.herts.ac.uk.
- ↑ "Register of Agricultural Chemicals Registered" (PDF). Republic of Uganda, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries. 16 December 2022. Retrieved 3 March 2026.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Carbendazim at Wikimedia Commons- International Chemical Safety Card
- Carbendazim in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB)
