Bansiot
| Bansiot | |
|---|---|
| ㅿ | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Hangul |
| Type | Alphabet |
| Sound values | [z] |
| In Unicode | U+317F, U+1140, U+11EB |
| Other | |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 반시옷 |
| RR | bansiot |
| MR | pansiot |
Bansiot (letter: ㅿ; name: 반시옷), sometimes called samgakhyeong (삼각형; lit. 'triangle'),[1] is an archaic consonant letter of the Korean alphabet, Hangul. In Unicode, its name is spelled pansios, following the ISO/TR 11941 romanization system.[2] Its sound value is disputed, but most scholars believe it to have been the voiced alveolar fricative [z] in Middle Korean.[3] It fell out of use around the late 16th century, as its corresponding phoneme disappeared from the language.
Description
[edit]ㅿ was a voiced equivalent of ㅅ.[4][5] Its use was generally restricted to the word medial position (i.e. not the initial or final consonant of a word), although it was sometimes used as the first initial consonant of a word.[6] It was used in the initial position to represent some Late Middle Chinese sounds, like ᅀᅵᆯ (日; lit. 'day') or ᅀᅵᆫ (人; lit. 'man'); when used for such cases, its Sino-Korean pronunciation was possibly [ʐ].[7] Early Hangul texts sometimes used it similarly to the saisiot; for example, 太子 ㅿ 位 ([tajdza ㅿ we]; lit. 'the prince's position') appears in Yongbiŏch'ŏn'ga. This type of usage eventually disappeared.[8]
ㅿ fell out of significant use to represent Korean by around the 1570s to 1580s. By this point, its corresponding phoneme had disappeared out of the language.[4] In many cases, its sound simply ceased to be used in words; for example, Middle Korean ᄆᆞᅀᆞᆶ (lit. 'village') has since become 마을 in modern Standard Korean.[9] In a subset of cases, the loss of ㅿ across adjacent vowels resulted in a simpler word with a long vowel. For example, 기ᅀᅳᆷ〮 → 김 (lit. 'gim').[10] In rare cases, it was replaced with a ㅅ.[9] Its role eventually came to be replaced by ㅇ.[4] It continued to see some limited use for the transcription of foreign languages thereafter.[11]
Computing codes
[edit]| Preview | ㅿ | ᅀ | ᇫ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | HANGUL LETTER PANSIOS | HANGUL CHOSEONG PANSIOS | HANGUL JONGSEONG PANSIOS | |||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 12671 | U+317F | 4416 | U+1140 | 4587 | U+11EB |
| UTF-8 | 227 133 191 | E3 85 BF | 225 133 128 | E1 85 80 | 225 135 171 | E1 87 AB |
| Numeric character reference | ㅿ | ㅿ | ᅀ | ᅀ | ᇫ | ᇫ |
References
[edit]- ↑ Martin, Samuel E. (1992). A Reference Grammar of Korean (1st ed.). Charles E. Tuttle Company. p. 22. ISBN 0-8048-1887-8.
- ↑ "Hangul Jamo". Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2025-10-01.
- ↑ Stonham 2011, pp. 99, 101.
- 1 2 3 Ledyard 1998, pp. 218–219, 231–232.
- ↑ 강신항; 유창균. 자모 (字母). Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 2025-10-11.
- ↑ Lee & Ramsey 2011, pp. 139–140.
- ↑ Stonham 2011, p. 99.
- ↑ Stonham 2011, p. 101.
- 1 2 Stonham 2011, p. 100.
- ↑ Stonham 2011, pp. 102–103.
- ↑ 홍윤표 2019, p. 72.
Sources
[edit]- 홍윤표 (2019-12-13). 한글 [Hangul] (in Korean) (Ebook ed.). 세창출판사. ISBN 978-89-8411-924-6.
- Ledyard, Gari Keith (1998) [1966]. The Korean Language Reform of 1446: The Origin, Background, and Early History of the Korean Alphabet. 신구문화사.
- Lee, Ki-Moon; Ramsey, S. Robert (2011). A History of the Korean Language. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780511974045.
- Stonham, John (2011). "Middle Korean Δ and the Cheju dialect". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 74 (1): 97–118. ISSN 0041-977X.
External links
[edit]
The dictionary definition of ㅿ at Wiktionary
