// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhat did FCB superphylum say to its date? "You're a phylum-inal match

FCB
	Bacteroides spp.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Kingdom:	Pseudomonadati
Superphylum:	"FCB"
Phyla
	Bacteroidota–Chlorobiota group Bacteroidota; Balneolota; Chlorobiota; Ignavibacteriota; Rhodothermota; "Ca. Kapabacteria"; "Ca. Kryptonia"; ; Calditrichota; Fibrobacterota; Gemmatimonadota; "Ca. Arandabacterota"; "Ca. Blakebacterota"; "Ca. Cloacimonadota"; "Ca. Delongiibacteriota"; "Ca. Edwardsiibacteriota"; "Ca. Eiseniibacteriota"; "Ca. Electryoneota"; "Ca. Fermentibacterota"; "Ca. Hydrothermota"; "Ca. Joyebacterota"; "Ca. Krumholzibacteriota"; "Ca. Latescibacterota"; "Ca. Marinisomatota"; "Ca. Orphanbacterota"; "Ca. Tangaroaeota"; "Ca. Zhuqueibacterota"; "Ca. "Zixibacteriota";
Synonyms
	Sphingobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1987

The FCB is a proposed superphylum of bacteria named after the main member phyla Fibrobacterota, Chlorobiota, and Bacteroidota. The members are considered to form a clade due to a number of conserved signature indels.^[2]

Cavalier-Smith calls the equivalent grouping a phylum by the name of Sphingobacteria. It contains the classes Chlorobiota, Fibrobacterota, Bacteroidota, and Flavobacteria. However, this megaclassification is not followed by the larger scientific community.^[3]^[4]^[5]

FCB group^[2]^[6]^[7]

16S rRNA based LTP_07_2026^[8]^[9]^[10]

120 marker proteins based GTDB 11-RS232^[11]^[12]^[13]

"FCB"

"Hydrogenedentes"

"Fermentibacteria"

	Gemmatimonadota

	"Latescibacteria"

Fibrobacterota

"Delphibacteria"

	"Cloacimonetes"

	"Zixibacteria"

	Calditrichota

	"Marinimicrobia"

Bacteroidota–Chlorobiota

	Ignavibacteriota

	"Kryptonia"

"Kapabacteria"

Chlorobiota

	Rhodothermota

	Bacteroidota

	Fidelibacterota

	Calditrichota

Fibrobacterota

	Gemmatimonadota

Chlorobiota [incl. Ignavibacteriota]

Balneolota

	Rhodothermota

	Bacteroidota

"FCB"

	"Hinthialibacterota" (OLB16)

	"Tangaroaeota" (RBG-13-66-14; Coatesbacteria)

	"Edwardsiibacteriota"

	Caldifarciminota [incl. "Hydrothermota"; "Caldipriscota"; "Stahliibacteriota" ]

	"Fermentibacterota" [incl. "Aegiribacterota"]

	"Cloacimonadota"

	"Arandabacterota"

	"Orphanbacterota"

"Eiseniibacteriota"

	"Joyebacterota" [incl. "Effluvivivacota"]

	"Krumholzibacteriota" [incl. "Delphinibacteriota"]

Gemmatimonadota [incl. "Glassiibacteriota"]

"Latescibacterota" [incl. "Handelsmaniibacteriota"]

"Blakebacterota"

"Zixiibacteriota"

	"Delongiibacteriota" (UBA4055)

	Fibrobacterota [incl. "Raymondiibacteriota"]

"Electryoneota" (AABM5-125-24)

Fidelibacterota [incl. "Marinisomatota"]

"Zhuqueibacterota" [incl. "Cosmopoliota"]

	Calditrichota

	Bacteroidota [incl. Chlorobiota; Balneolota; Ignavibacteriota; "Kapaibacteriota"; "Kryptoniota"; Rhodothermota]

An analogous situation is seen with the PVC group/Planctobacteria.

References

↑ Cavalier-Smith, T. (1987). The origin of cells: a symbiosis between genes, catalysts and membranes. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 52, 805-24, , .
1 2 Gupta, R. S. (2004). "The Phylogeny and Signature Sequences Characteristics of Fibrobacteres, Chlorobi, and Bacteroidetes". Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 30 (2): 123–143. doi:10.1080/10408410490435133. PMID 15239383. S2CID 24565648.
↑ Cavalier-Smith T (2006). "Rooting the tree of life by transition analyses". Biol. Direct. 1: 19. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-1-19. PMC 1586193. PMID 16834776. Archived from the original on 2019-12-18. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
↑ Krieg, N.R.; Ludwig, W.; Whitman, W.B.; Hedlund, B.P.; Paster, B.J.; Staley, J.T.; Ward, N.; Brown, D.; Parte, A. (November 24, 2010) [1984(Williams & Wilkins)]. George M. Garrity (ed.). The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. p. 908. ISBN 978-0-387-95042-6. British Library no. GBA561951.
↑ Classification in LPSN; Parte, Aidan C.; Sardà Carbasse, Joaquim; Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P.; Reimer, Lorenz C.; Göker, Markus (1 November 2020). "List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (11): 5607–5612. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332.
↑ Emiley A Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2017, Global metagenomic survey reveals a new bacterial candidate phylum in geothermal springs. Nature Communications 7 · January 2016 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1047
↑ Kirkegaard, Rasmus Hansen; Dueholm, Morten Simonsen; McIlroy, Simon Jon; Nierychlo, Marta; Karst, Søren Michael; Albertsen, Mads; Nielsen, Per Halkjær (October 2016). "Genomic insights into members of the candidate phylum Hyd24-12 common in mesophilic anaerobic digesters". The ISME Journal. 10 (10): 2352–2364. doi:10.1038/ismej.2016.43. ISSN 1751-7370. PMC 5030696. PMID 27058503.
↑ "The LTPlus". The All-Species Living Tree Project. Retrieved 1 August 2026.
↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". The All-Species Living Tree Project. Retrieved 1 August 2026.
↑ Rossello-Mora, Ramon; Viver, Tomeu; Palmer-Rodríguez, Pere; Westram, Ralf; Bustos-Caparros, Esteban; Gago, Joan Francisco; Gonzalez-Mendez, Jaime; Llabrés, Mercè; Ludwig, Wolfgang; Amann, Rudolf (22 April 2026). "A pipeline for improved 16S rRNA gene-based phylogeny and diversity analyses of Bacteria and Archaea". Nature Portfolio. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9370187/v1.
↑ "GTDB release 11-RS232". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.
↑ "bac120_r232.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.
↑ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.
↑ Hug, Laura A.; Baker, Brett J.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Brown, Christopher T.; Probst, Alexander J.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Butterfield, Cristina N.; Hernsdorf, Alex W.; Amano, Yuki; Ise, Kotaro; Suzuki, Yohey; Dudek, Natasha; Relman, David A.; Finstad, Kari M.; Amundson, Ronald; Thomas, Brian C.; Banfield, Jillian F. (11 April 2016). "A new view of the tree of life". Nature Microbiology. 1 (5): 16048. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.48. PMID 27572647.

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[1] Cavalier-Smith, T. (1987). The origin of cells: a symbiosis between genes, catalysts and membranes. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 52, 805-24, , .

[FCB-2] 1 2 Gupta, R. S. (2004). "The Phylogeny and Signature Sequences Characteristics of Fibrobacteres, Chlorobi, and Bacteroidetes". Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 30 (2): 123–143. doi:10.1080/10408410490435133. PMID 15239383. S2CID 24565648.

[pmid16834776-3] Cavalier-Smith T (2006). "Rooting the tree of life by transition analyses". Biol. Direct. 1: 19. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-1-19. PMC 1586193. PMID 16834776. Archived from the original on 2019-12-18. Retrieved 2010-11-29.

[4] Krieg, N.R.; Ludwig, W.; Whitman, W.B.; Hedlund, B.P.; Paster, B.J.; Staley, J.T.; Ward, N.; Brown, D.; Parte, A. (November 24, 2010) [1984(Williams & Wilkins)]. George M. Garrity (ed.). The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. p. 908. ISBN 978-0-387-95042-6. British Library no. GBA561951.

[5] Classification in LPSN; Parte, Aidan C.; Sardà Carbasse, Joaquim; Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P.; Reimer, Lorenz C.; Göker, Markus (1 November 2020). "List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (11): 5607–5612. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332.

[6] Emiley A Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2017, Global metagenomic survey reveals a new bacterial candidate phylum in geothermal springs. Nature Communications 7 · January 2016 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1047

[7] Kirkegaard, Rasmus Hansen; Dueholm, Morten Simonsen; McIlroy, Simon Jon; Nierychlo, Marta; Karst, Søren Michael; Albertsen, Mads; Nielsen, Per Halkjær (October 2016). "Genomic insights into members of the candidate phylum Hyd24-12 common in mesophilic anaerobic digesters". The ISME Journal. 10 (10): 2352–2364. doi:10.1038/ismej.2016.43. ISSN 1751-7370. PMC 5030696. PMID 27058503.

[8] "The LTPlus". The All-Species Living Tree Project. Retrieved 1 August 2026.

[9] "LTP_all tree in newick format". The All-Species Living Tree Project. Retrieved 1 August 2026.

[10] Rossello-Mora, Ramon; Viver, Tomeu; Palmer-Rodríguez, Pere; Westram, Ralf; Bustos-Caparros, Esteban; Gago, Joan Francisco; Gonzalez-Mendez, Jaime; Llabrés, Mercè; Ludwig, Wolfgang; Amann, Rudolf (22 April 2026). "A pipeline for improved 16S rRNA gene-based phylogeny and diversity analyses of Bacteria and Archaea". Nature Portfolio. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9370187/v1.

[about-11] "GTDB release 11-RS232". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.

[tree_bac-12] "bac120_r232.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.

[taxon_history-13] "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 1 May 2026.

[14] Hug, Laura A.; Baker, Brett J.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Brown, Christopher T.; Probst, Alexander J.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Butterfield, Cristina N.; Hernsdorf, Alex W.; Amano, Yuki; Ise, Kotaro; Suzuki, Yohey; Dudek, Natasha; Relman, David A.; Finstad, Kari M.; Amundson, Ronald; Thomas, Brian C.; Banfield, Jillian F. (11 April 2016). "A new view of the tree of life". Nature Microbiology. 1 (5): 16048. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.48. PMID 27572647.

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// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhat did FCB superphylum say to its date? "You're a phylum-inal match

See also

References