Neoendorphin
Neoendorphins are a group of endogenous opioid peptides derived from the proteolytic cleavage of prodynorphin.[1] They include α-neoendorphin and β-neoendorphin. The α-neoendorphin is present in greater amounts in the brain than β-neoendorphin. Both are products of the dynorphin gene, which also expresses dynorphin A, dynorphin A1-8, and dynorphin B.[2] These opioid neurotransmitters are especially active in CNS receptors, whose primary function is pain sensation.[3] These peptides all have the consensus amino acid sequence of Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met (met-enkephalin) or Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu (leu-enkephalin).[4] Binding of neoendorphins to opioid receptors, in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons results in the reduction of time of calcium-dependent action potential.[5] The α-neoendorphins binds to μ-opioid, δ-opioid, κ-opioid receptor (KOR), cand β-neoendorphin binds to KOR.[6][7]
Types
[edit]| Sequence | Molecular Formula | |
|---|---|---|
| α-neoendorphin | H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Lys-Tyr-Pro-Lys-OH | C60H89N15O13 |
| β-neoendorphin | H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Lys-Tyr-Pro-OH | C54H77N13O12 |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Seizinger BR, Grimm C, Höllt V, Herz A (February 1984). "Evidence for a selective processing of proenkephalin B into different opioid peptide forms in particular regions of rat brain and pituitary". Journal of Neurochemistry. 42 (2): 447–57. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb02698.x. PMID 6141221. S2CID 33527743.
- ↑ Cone, Ri; Weber, E; Barchas, Jd; Goldstein, A (1983-11-01). "Regional distribution of dynorphin and neo-endorphin peptides in rat brain, spinal cord, and pituitary". The Journal of Neuroscience. 3 (11): 2146–2152. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.03-11-02146.1983. ISSN 0270-6474. PMC 6564641. PMID 6138396.
- ↑ Bhagavan, N.V.; Ha, Chung-Eun (2015), "Endocrine Metabolism II", Essentials of Medical Biochemistry, Elsevier, pp. 545–557, ISBN 978-0-12-416687-5, retrieved 2022-04-24
- ↑ Bhagavan, N. V. (2002-01-01), "CHAPTER 31 - Endocrine Metabolism II: Hypothalamus and Pituitary", in Bhagavan, N. V. (ed.), Medical Biochemistry (Fourth Edition), San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 729–747, doi:10.1016/b978-012095440-7/50033-0, ISBN 978-0-12-095440-7, retrieved 2022-05-12
- ↑ Werz, Mary Ann; Macdonald, Robert L. (1985). "Opioid peptides decrease calcium-dependent action potential duration of mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons in cell culture". Brain Research. 239 (1): 315–321. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90859-9. hdl:2027.42/23986. ISSN 0006-8993. PMID 7093688. S2CID 12991911.
- ↑ PubChem. "beta-Neoendorphin". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-05-12.
- ↑ PubChem. "alpha-Neoendorphin". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-05-12.
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