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Future of Go Summit

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Future of Go Summit (Chinese: 中国乌镇围棋峰会) was a Go games summit held in May 2017 in Wuzhen, Zhejiang, China, by the Chinese Go Association, the Zhejiang Provincial Sort Bureau, and Google. It featured five Go games involving AlphaGo and top Chinese Go players,[1] as well as a forum on the future of artificial intelligence.[2][3]

This summit was Google’s biggest public event in partnership with the Chinese government since Google China's search engine was moved out of mainland China to Hong Kong due to the government censorship in 2010. It was seen as a charm offensive launched by Google toward Chinese officials, being part of effort to reopen China's market.[4][5]

The version of AlphaGo used in this Summit was AlphaGo Master,[6][7] using four TPUs on a single machine with an Elo rating of 4,858.[8] DeepMind claimed that this version was 3 stones stronger in games of self-play than the version used in AlphaGo v. Lee Sedol.[9]

After winning its three-game match against Chinese grandmaster Ke Jie, the world's top Go player, AlphaGo was awarded professional 9-duan by Chinese Weiqi Association.[10] DeepMind announced that AlphaGo would retire, and DeepMind would disband the team that worked on Go and spend their time exploring new AI in other areas instead of Go. After the Summit, DeepMind released 50 games AlphaGo played against itself.[11]

Schedule

[edit]

Games

[edit]

Ke Jie vs AlphaGo

[edit]
Match Date Black White Time control Result Moves
1 23 May 2017Ke JieAlphaGo3 hours + five 60-second byo-yomiW+0.5289
2 25 May 2017AlphaGoKe Jie3 hours + five 60-second byo-yomiB+Res155
3 27 May 2017AlphaGoKe Jie3 hours + five 60-second byo-yomiB+Res209
Result: AlphaGo 3 – 0 Ke Jie

Google DeepMind offered 1.5 million dollars winner prizes for this match while the losing side took 300,000 dollars for participating in the three games.[15][16] AlphaGo won all three games.[17][18]

Pair Go

[edit]
Match Date Black White Time control Result Moves
Pair Go 26 May 2017AlphaGo +
Gu Li		AlphaGo+
Lian Xiao		1 hour +
one 60-second byo-yomi		W+Res220

The pair Go game was played on 26 May morning. Gu Li, an eight-time world champion, and Lian Xiao, the current Chinese Mingren and Tianyuan titles holder, each had their own AlphaGo teammate, alternating moves in tag team style.[19] The move sequence was Gu Li (black), Lian Xiao (white), AlphaGo (black), and AlphaGo (white).[20]

Go board, 19 by 19. Moves: 1 black Q16; 2 white C17; 3 black R4; 4 white D3; 5 black C5; 6 white P3; 7 black Q3; 8 white P4; 9 black Q6; 10 white L4; 11 black E4; 12 white F3; 13 black E3; 14 white E2; 15 black D4; 16 white C3; 17 black D2; 18 white C2; 19 black F2; 20 white D1; 21 black G3; 22 white Q14; 23 black H6; 24 white O17; 25 black O16; 26 white N16; 27 black O15; 28 white P17; 29 black Q15; 30 white R10; 31 black N2; 32 white N3; 33 black M3; 34 white Q2; 35 black N4; 36 white N5; 37 black M4; 38 white Q4; 39 black R3; 40 white R5; 41 black Q5; 42 white R6; 43 black R7; 44 white S7; 45 black Q7; 46 white S4; 47 black S3; 48 white S5; 49 black R2; 50 white P2; 51 black S8; 52 white R1; 53 black T2; 54 white S1; 55 black T7; 56 white S2; 57 black S6; 58 white T3; 59 black M5; 60 white R18; 61 black R12; 62 white D11; 63 black D16; 64 white D17; 65 black F16; 66 white D15; 67 black R14; 68 white M10; 69 black L16; 70 white K10; 71 black M18; 72 white M17; 73 black L17; 74 white N18; 75 black N10; 76 white M11; 77 black N11; 78 white N9; 79 black N12; 80 white K7; 81 black L8; 82 white K8; 83 black N8; 84 white E16; 85 black F15; 86 white H17; 87 black G17; 88 white H16; 89 black H14; 90 white G14; 91 black E15; 92 white C16; 93 black G13; 94 white G15; 95 black F13; 96 white H13; 97 black E13; 98 white H12; 99 black J14.
First 99 moves
Go board, 19 by 19. Black stones: M18, G17, L17, F16, L16, O16, Q16, E15, F15, O15, Q15, H14, J14, R14, E13, F13, G13, N12, R12, N11, N10, L8, N8, S8, Q7, R7, T7, H6, Q6, S6, C5, M5, Q5, D4, E4, M4, N4, E3, G3, M3, F2, N2, T2. White stones: N18, R18, C17, D17, H17, M17, O17, P17, C16, E16, H16, N16, D15, G15, G14, Q14, H13, H12, D11, M11, K10, M10, R10, N9, K8, K7, R6, N5, R5, S5, L4, P4, Q4, S4, C3, D3, F3, N3, P3, T3, C2, E2, P2, Q2, S2, D1, R1, S1. Moves: 0 white K15; 1 black K14; 2 white L15; 3 black H11; 4 white G12; 5 black E11; 6 white G11; 7 black G10; 8 white F10; 9 black E10; 10 white F9; 11 black C14; 12 white H18; 13 black K12; 14 white M15; 15 black M12; 16 white J11; 17 black E9; 18 white F8; 19 black H8; 20 white G5; 21 black G6; 22 white E8; 23 black D8; 24 white D7; 25 black C7; 26 white D14; 27 black D13; 28 white F5; 29 black F6; 30 white M8; 31 black M7; 32 white E6; 33 black D6; 34 white E7; 35 black E5; 36 white H5; 37 black J5; 38 white H4; 39 black J4; 40 white H3; 41 black F4; 42 white J6; 43 black H2; 44 white C8; 45 black D9; 46 white J3; 47 black K6; 48 white J7; 49 black K3; 50 white K5; 51 black K4; 52 white H7; 53 black J2; 54 white B11; 55 black B12; 56 white C12; 57 black C13; 58 white B7; 59 black C6; 60 white C9; 61 black B10; 62 white C10; 63 black A11; 64 white B9; 65 black C11; 66 white S14; 67 black D12; 68 white R13; 69 black R15; 70 white Q13; 71 black S12; 72 white S13; 73 black O13; 74 white S16; 75 black Q12; 76 white B4; 77 black S15; 78 white T15; 79 black E18; 80 white M9; 81 black O9; 82 white B6; 83 black B5; 84 white A5; 85 black C4; 86 white B3; 87 black D18; 88 white E17; 89 black G18; 90 white C18; 91 black C15; 92 white B15; 93 black B14; 94 white F17; 95 black G16; 96 white F18; 97 black F19; 98 white H19; 99 black G19.
Moves 100–199
Go board, 19 by 19. Black stones: F19, G19, D18, E18, G18, M18, G17, L17, F16, G16, L16, O16, Q16, C15, E15, F15, O15, Q15, R15, S15, B14, C14, H14, J14, K14, R14, C13, D13, E13, F13, G13, O13, B12, D12, K12, M12, N12, Q12, R12, S12, A11, C11, E11, H11, N11, B10, E10, G10, N10, D9, E9, O9, D8, H8, L8, N8, S8, C7, M7, Q7, R7, T7, C6, D6, F6, G6, H6, K6, Q6, S6, B5, C5, E5, J5, M5, Q5, C4, D4, E4, F4, J4, K4, M4, N4, E3, G3, K3, M3, F2, H2, J2, N2, T2. White stones: H19, C18, F18, H18, N18, R18, C17, D17, E17, F17, H17, M17, O17, P17, C16, E16, H16, N16, S16, B15, D15, G15, K15, L15, M15, T15, D14, G14, Q14, S14, H13, Q13, R13, S13, G12, H12, D11, G11, J11, M11, C10, F10, K10, M10, R10, B9, C9, F9, M9, N9, C8, E8, F8, K8, M8, B7, D7, E7, H7, J7, K7, B6, E6, J6, R6, A5, F5, G5, H5, K5, N5, R5, S5, B4, H4, L4, P4, Q4, S4, B3, C3, D3, H3, J3, N3, P3, T3, C2, E2, P2, Q2, S2, D1, R1, S1. Moves: 0 white A15; 1 black J16; 2 white J15; 3 black H15; 4 white J17; 5 black L7; 6 white L6; 7 black L9; 8 white L10; 9 black N6; 10 white G7; 11 black G4; 12 white T14; 13 black K16; 14 white K18; 15 black H10; 16 white H9; 17 black M16; 18 white N17; 19 black J9; 20 white K9.
Moves 200–220

After move 198, the black AlphaGo proposed resignation, but got rejected by its teammate Gu Li.[21] The white AlphaGo and Lian Xiao finally won by resignation after move 220.

This pair Go game provided a glimpse of how human players might be able to use AI tools in the future, benefiting from the computer's insights while also relying on their own intuition.[19] After the match, David Silver, the lead researcher for AlphaGo said: "Pair Go was a beautiful game. All four players made some brilliant and creative moves. It felt like four painters working together on a shared canvas, all with different styles, all combining together to make something truly beautiful."[22]

Team Go

[edit]
Match Date Black White Time control Result Moves
Team Go 26 May 2017Chen Yaoye/Zhou Ruiyang/Mi Yuting/
Shi Yue/Tang Weixing		AlphaGo2.5 hours + three 60-second byo-yomiW+Res254

The team Go match was held on 26 May afternoon. In this five-on-one match, five world champion players, Chen Yaoye, Zhou Ruiyang, Mi Yuting, Shi Yue, and Tang Weixing (black), joined forces to play against AlphaGo (white).[23] There was a two-and-a-half-hour set time limit for each side followed by three 60-second byo-yomi overtime periods.[citation needed] Consulting each other on every move, the human team approached the challenge in a light-hearted manner, obviously enjoying the experience of playing together.[19] Chosen as the team leader, Zhou Ruiyang positioned the stones on the board during regular time.[citation needed] Tang Weixing put down the stones in overtime, almost working on his own,[citation needed] and finally resigned in the face of AlphaGo’s certain victory.[24] Eric Schmidt, the Executive Chairman of DeepMind's parent company Alphabet, Inc. tweeted: "This speaks volumes about where AI is headed - human players are teaming up with AlphaGo to have even more fun with the game!".[25]

Go board, 19 by 19. Moves: 1 black Q16; 2 white D16; 3 black R4; 4 white D4; 5 black F3; 6 white P3; 7 black C6; 8 white D6; 9 black D7; 10 white E6; 11 black C4; 12 white C3; 13 black C5; 14 white D3; 15 black G4; 16 white Q5; 17 black R5; 18 white Q6; 19 black R7; 20 white J3; 21 black J4; 22 white K4; 23 black K3; 24 white L3; 25 black K2; 26 white H3; 27 black J5; 28 white L2; 29 black G6; 30 white D5; 31 black D8; 32 white F7; 33 black C11; 34 white E10; 35 black D11; 36 white H8; 37 black J8; 38 white H9; 39 black J7; 40 white L4; 41 black K10; 42 white R17; 43 black Q17; 44 white R16; 45 black R14; 46 white R15; 47 black Q15; 48 white S14; 49 black F17; 50 white H17; 51 black F15; 52 white D18; 53 black K17; 54 white H12; 55 black E18; 56 white C15; 57 black H14; 58 white J14; 59 black J15; 60 white J16; 61 black J13; 62 white K16; 63 black K14; 64 white M17; 65 black S13; 66 white R13; 67 black Q14; 68 white S12; 69 black C18; 70 white D19; 71 black D17; 72 white C17; 73 black E17; 74 white B18; 75 black E19; 76 white C19; 77 black K18; 78 white O17; 79 black J19; 80 white N14; 81 black Q13; 82 white T13; 83 black N12; 84 white O13; 85 black R12; 86 white O12; 88 white R11; 89 black Q11; 91 black Q12; 92 white N11; 94 white L15; 95 black S15; 97 black B19; 98 white A19.
First 99 moves (87/93/99 at 65, 90/96 at 66)
Go board, 19 by 19. Black stones: E19, J19, E18, K18, D17, E17, F17, K17, Q17, Q16, F15, J15, Q15, S15, H14, K14, Q14, R14, J13, Q13, S13, N12, Q12, R12, C11, D11, Q11, K10, D8, J8, D7, J7, R7, C6, G6, C5, J5, R5, C4, G4, J4, R4, F3, K3, K2. White stones: A19, C19, D19, B18, D18, C17, H17, M17, O17, R17, D16, J16, K16, R16, C15, L15, R15, N14, S14, O13, T13, H12, O12, S12, N11, R11, E10, H9, H8, F7, D6, E6, Q6, D5, Q5, D4, K4, L4, C3, D3, H3, J3, L3, P3, L2. Moves: 0 white R6; 1 black S6; 2 white R13; 3 black O15; 4 white N15; 6 white S7; 7 black S8; 9 black Q3; 10 white Q2; 12 white Q7; 13 black T7; 15 black P4; 16 white Q4; 17 black R3; 18 white O3; 20 white Q18; 21 black P18; 23 black P2; 24 white O2; 26 white R18; 27 black P17; 29 black F8; 30 white G7; 32 white C7; 33 black T14; 34 white C8; 35 black C9; 36 white B6; 37 black B9; 38 white B7; 39 black Q8; 40 white L12; 41 black P7; 42 white K11; 43 black M11; 44 white M12; 45 black N10; 46 white O11; 47 black D14; 48 white C14; 49 black D13; 50 white P5; 51 black O10; 52 white S16; 53 black Q19; 54 white O18; 55 black P19; 56 white G18; 57 black M18; 58 white L17; 59 black E9; 60 white R2; 61 black S2; 62 white M7; 63 black L8; 64 white P10; 65 black P11; 66 white O8; 67 black N8; 68 white O7; 69 black O5; 70 white O4; 71 black P6; 73 black P8; 74 white O9; 75 black M10; 76 white O6; 77 black P9; 78 white H19; 79 black N18; 80 white L18; 81 black N17; 82 white N16; 83 black O16; 84 white M19; 85 black O19; 86 white S1; 87 black S3; 88 white B12; 89 black G10; 90 white G11; 91 black F11; 92 white F12; 93 black E11; 94 white H10; 95 black M6; 96 white L6; 97 black N7; 98 white N6; 99 black M5. Marks: triangle on black stone at S13.
Moves 100–199 (105/111/119/125/131 at ,
108/114/122/128 at 102, 172 at 115)
Go board, 19 by 19. Black stones: E19, J19, O19, P19, Q19, E18, K18, M18, N18, P18, D17, E17, F17, K17, N17, P17, Q17, O16, Q16, F15, J15, O15, Q15, S15, D14, H14, K14, Q14, R14, T14, D13, J13, Q13, S13, N12, Q12, R12, C11, D11, E11, F11, M11, P11, Q11, G10, K10, M10, N10, O10, B9, C9, E9, P9, D8, F8, J8, L8, N8, P8, Q8, S8, D7, J7, N7, P7, R7, T7, C6, G6, M6, P6, S6, C5, J5, M5, O5, R5, C4, G4, J4, R4, F3, K3, Q3, R3, S3, K2, P2, S2. White stones: A19, C19, D19, H19, M19, B18, D18, G18, L18, Q18, R18, C17, H17, L17, M17, R17, D16, J16, K16, N16, R16, S16, C15, L15, N15, R15, C14, N14, O13, T13, B12, F12, H12, L12, M12, O12, S12, G11, K11, N11, O11, R11, E10, H10, P10, H9, O9, C8, H8, O8, B7, C7, F7, G7, M7, O7, Q7, B6, D6, E6, L6, N6, O6, Q6, R6, D5, P5, Q5, D4, K4, L4, O4, P4, Q4, C3, D3, H3, J3, L3, O3, P3, L2, O2, Q2, R2, S1. Moves: 0 white N5; 1 black L7; 2 white E2; 3 black F2; 4 white M4; 5 black M8; 6 white K6; 7 black H7; 8 white B11; 9 black F13; 10 white G9; 11 black F10; 12 white B10; 13 black L19; 14 white K19; 15 black E12; 16 white C10; 17 black D10; 18 white A8; 20 white J18; 21 black N19; 22 white J17; 23 black G12; 24 white H11; 25 black A9; 26 white A10; 27 black L11; 28 white K12; 29 black L14; 30 white M14; 31 black F5; 32 white J6; 33 black H6; 34 white H13; 35 black G13; 36 white J2; 37 black D9; 38 white B8; 39 black F1; 40 white N9; 41 black M9; 42 white H4; 43 black H5; 44 white G16; 45 black D15; 46 white E16; 47 black F16; 48 white G15; 49 black G14; 50 white E15; 51 black E14; 52 white C16; 53 black B2; 54 white B4.
Moves 200–254 (219 at 213)

White 54 is a surprising move to human players.[26][27] After move 58, Ke Jie pointed out that White could play 60, but was teased by other professional players in the research room until AlphaGo actually played this move.[28] Tan Xiao commented that it's difficult for Black to win after move 64.[26]

Chinese media coverage

[edit]

The game was widely reported by Chinese media and became one of the hottest topics on social networks.[29][30][31] However, due to the instruction of the Chinese authorities, the state owned China Central Television cancelled the plan to live telecast the game, and live streaming on a number of Chinese websites was cut off.[32][33] The only official live broadcast was on YouTube, which is blocked in China. The restrictions caused widespread complaints among Chinese netizens on the social platform Sina Weibo.[34] Chinese media was instructed to play down the mention of Google or Google's products in their reports, as its services are blocked in China.[35][36]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Exploring the mysteries of Go with AlphaGo and China's top players". DeepMind. 10 April 2017. Archived from the original on 11 April 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2017.
  2. ↑ "DeepMind's AlphaGo is back..and this time it's taking on five humans at once". Wired.com. 10 April 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2017.
  3. ↑ "AlphaGo China | DeepMind". DeepMind. Archived from the original on 2019-06-06. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
  4. ↑ "Google deploys AI for Go tournament in China charm offensive AlphaGo". Financial Times. 23 May 2017. Retrieved 2017-05-23.
  5. ↑ "Google tries again in China using AlphaGo event that targets the young". Market Watch. Retrieved 2017-05-27.
  6. ↑ "AlphaGo官方解读让三子 对人类高手没这种优势" (in Chinese). Sina.com. 25 May 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  7. ↑ "各版alphago实力对比 master能让李世石版3子" (in Chinese). Sina.com. 24 May 2017. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
  8. ↑ Silver, David; Schrittwieser, Julian; Simonyan, Karen; Antonoglou, Ioannis; Huang, Aja; Guez, Arthur; Hubert, Thomas; Baker, Lucas; Lai, Matthew; Bolton, Adrian; Chen, Yutian; Lillicrap, Timothy; Fan, Hui; Sifre, Laurent; Driessche, George van den; Graepel, Thore; Hassabis, Demis (19 October 2017). "Mastering the game of Go without human knowledge". Nature. 550 (7676): 354–359. Bibcode:2017Natur.550..354S. doi:10.1038/nature24270. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 29052630. S2CID 205261034. Retrieved 10 December 2017.Closed access icon
  9. ↑ "AlphaGo棋力比去年涨三子 柯洁想赢它可能只剩一招" (in Chinese). Sina.com. 25 May 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  10. ↑ "中国围棋协会授予AlphaGo职业九段 并颁发证书" (in Chinese). 27 May 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2017.
  11. ↑ Metz, Cade (2017-05-27). "After Win in China, AlphaGo's Designers Explore New AI". Wired.
  12. 1 2 3 "The Future of Go Summit". Archived from the original on 2017-06-15. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
  13. ↑ "人机大战第二季5月乌镇见！ 慢棋+团队配对赛" (in Chinese). Sina.com. 10 April 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  14. ↑ "柯洁AlphaGo大战发布会举行 胜者获150万美金" (in Chinese). Sina.com. 10 April 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  15. ↑ "World No.1 Go player Ke Jie takes on upgraded AlphaGo in May". 2017-04-10.
  16. ↑ "Ke Jie vs. AlphaGo: 8 things you must know". 2017-05-27. Archived from the original on 2017-12-14. Retrieved 2017-05-29.
  17. ↑ Metz, Cade (2017-05-23). "Revamped AlphaGo Wins First Game Against Chinese Go Grandmaster". Wired.
  18. ↑ Metz, Cade (2017-05-25). "Google's AlphaGo Continues Dominance With Second Win in China". Wired.
  19. 1 2 3 "AlphaGo Pair and Team Go wrap up". American Go Association. 26 May 2017. Archived from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  20. ↑ "配对赛解析：人类出彩 连笑成阿法狗"大腿"？" (in Chinese). QQ.com. 26 May 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  21. ↑ "连笑队赢人机配对赛 AlphaGo欲认输遭古力拒绝" (in Chinese). QQ.com. 26 May 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  22. ↑ "AlphaGo Triumphs In China". I Programmer. 27 May 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  23. ↑ "Google AlphaGo AI took on 5 champion Go players at once and still won". TechRepublic. 26 May 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  24. ↑ "Google's AlphaGo AI defeats team of five leading Go players". TechCrunch. 26 May 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  25. ↑ "Google's AI-powered AlphaGo defeats five leading Go players". The Economic Times. 27 May 2017. Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
  26. 1 2 "人类再败！中国五顶尖棋手联手 仍不敌AlphaGo" (in Chinese). QQ.com. 26 May 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  27. ↑ "围棋峰会团队赛无悬念 AlphaGo执白中盘胜中国队" (in Chinese). 弈城围棋网. 26 May 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  28. ↑ "详解5名顶尖棋手输在哪？开局不利意见存分歧" (in Chinese). QQ.com. 26 May 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  29. ↑ "Pessimism looms over Chinese Go master's upcoming match against AlphaGo". www.ecns.cn.
  30. ↑ "AlphaGo 1, human 0 in first of 3 games". www.ecns.cn.
  31. ↑ F_200804. "Chinese Go master Ke Jie loses to Google's AlphaGo in first of three-game match - People's Daily Online". en.people.cn.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  32. ↑ 中国限制直播柯洁与 AlphaGo 的人机大战 Archived 2017-05-22 at the Wayback Machine.Solidot.
  33. ↑ 柯洁和AlphaGo对弈 Archived 2017-08-20 at the Wayback Machine.
  34. ↑ "The world's top Go player was beaten by Google's AI — and Chinese authorities banned the livestream". Mashable.
  35. ↑ "AlphaGo wins first match of three over Chinese Go master with ability to surprise". South China Morning Post.
  36. ↑ "An epic man-against-machine tournament is taking place in China but Chinese viewers can’t watch it live". Quartz.
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