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El Castellar Formation
El Castellar Formation
Stratigraphic range: Valanginian-Barremian; ~135–125 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Sub-units	Lower and Upper Members
Underlies	Camarillas Formation
Overlies	Galve Formation
Thickness	85–140 m (279–459 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Claystone, sandstone
Other	Marl, conglomerate
Location
Coordinates	40°42′N 0°54′W / 40.7°N 0.9°W
Approximate paleocoordinates	31°06′N 8°48′E / 31.1°N 8.8°E
Region	Aragón, Teruel
Country	Spain
	El Castellar Formation (Spain)

The El Castellar Formation is a geological formation in La Rioja and Teruel, Spain whose strata date back to the possibly the Valanginian to the Barremian stages of the Early Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.^[1]

Vertebrate paleofauna

Ornithopod tracks and dinosaur eggs are known from the formation.^[2]

Amphibians

Amphibians
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Eodiscoglossus	E. santonjae				Frog
Galverpeton^[3]	G. ibericum				A member of Caudata.

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Aragosaurus^[2]	A. ischiaticus^[2]
cf. Owenodon^[4]	Indeterminate
cf. Paronychodon^[5]	Indeterminate^[5]				Possible indeterminate troodont remains.^[2]
Styracosterna^[6]	Indeterminate				Previously assigned to Mantellisaurus.^[2]

Turtles

Turtles
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Dortokidae^[7]	Indeterminate

Mammals

Mammals
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Crusafontia	C. cuencana				Dryolestid
Iberica	I. hahni				Multituberculate
Spalacotherium	S. henkeli				Spalacotheriidae

Color key

Taxon	Reclassified taxon	Taxon falsely reported as present	Dubious taxon or junior synonym	Ichnotaxon	Ootaxon	Morphotaxon

Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

Correlation

Early Cretaceous stratigraphy of Iberia
Ma	Age	Paleomap \ Basins	Cantabrian	Olanyà	Cameros	Maestrazgo	Oliete	Galve	Morella	South Iberian	Pre-betic	Lusitanian
100	Cenomanian		La Cabana	Sopeira	Utrillas		Mosquerela					Caranguejeira
			Altamira		Utrillas
			Eguino
125	Albian		Ullaga - Balmaseda	Lluçà						Traiguera
			Monte Grande		Escucha		Escucha			Jijona
			Itxina - Miono		Escucha
	Aptian		Valmaseda - Tellamendi		Ol Gp. - Castrillo	Benassal		Benassal				Olhos
			Valmaseda - Tellamendi	Font	En Gp. - Leza	Morella/Oliete	Oliete	Villaroya	Morella	Capas Rojas		Almargem
			Patrocinio - Ernaga	Senyús	En Gp. - Jubela	Forcall				Villaroya	Upper Bedoulian	Figueira
	Barremian		Vega de Pas	Cabó	Abejar	Xert	Alacón	Xert		Huérguina	Upper Bedoulian	Assises
				Prada	Abejar	Artoles				Collado	Moutonianum	Papo Seco
				Rúbies	Tera Gp. - Golmayo	Alacón/Blesa	Blesa	Camarillas	Mirambel	Collado	Moutonianum	Papo Seco
150	Hauterivian				Ur Gp. - Pinilla	Llacova	Blesa	Castellar	Tera Gp. - Pinilla	Villares		Porto da Calada
						Llacova	hiatus			Villares
						Huerva			Gaita
	Valanginian		Villaro		Ur Gp. - Larriba				Ped Gp. - Hortigüela
					Ped Gp. - Hortigüela				Ped Gp. - Piedrahita
					Peñacoba			Galve		Miravetes
	Berriasian		Cab Gp. - Arcera		Valdeprado	hiatus		Alfambra		Miravetes
					TdL Gp. - Rupelo			Arzobispo	hiatus	Tollo
					On Gp. - Huérteles Sierra Matute			Arzobispo		Tollo
	Tithonian		Lastres		Tera Gp. - Magaña		Higuereles			Tera Gp. - Magaña		Lourinhã
					Tera Gp. - Magaña				Arzobispo
					Ágreda				Arzobispo
Legend		Major fossiliferous, oofossiliferous, ichnofossiliferous, coproliferous, minor formation
Sources

References

↑ Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Early Cretaceous, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 556-563. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
1 2 3 4 5 "15.7 Provincia de la Rioja, Spain; 3. Castellar Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 560-561.
↑ R. Estes and B. Sanchíz. 1982. Early Cretaceous lower vertebrates from Galve (Teruel), Spain. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2(1)
↑ Galton, P. M., 2012, Hypsilophodon foxii and other smaller bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs from the lower Cretaceous of southern England: In: Bernissart Dinosaurs and Early Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems, edited by Godefroit, P., Indiana University Press, Part 1, New investigations into the Iguanodon sinkhole at Bernissart and other Early Cretaceous localities in the Mons Basin (Belgium), p. 225-281.
1 2 Listed as "?Paronychodon sp." in "15.7 Provincia de la Rioja, Spain; 3. Castellar Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 560-561.
↑ Listed as "Iguanodon cf. atherfieldensis" in "15.7 Provincia de la Rioja, Spain; 3. Castellar Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 560-561.
↑ Pérez-García, A.; Cobos, A.; Royo-Torres, R. (2017-06-01). "The oldest evidence of a dortokid turtle (stem Pleurodira) from the uppermost Hauterivian-basal Barremian El Castellar Formation (Teruel, Spain)". Journal of Iberian Geology. 43 (2): 139–146. Bibcode:2017JIbG...43..139P. doi:10.1007/s41513-017-0013-7. ISSN 1886-7995. S2CID 135098500.

Bibliography

Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (2004), The Dinosauria, 2nd edition, Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 1–880, ISBN 0-520-24209-2, retrieved 2019-02-21{{citation}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

[cretaceousdistribution-1] Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Early Cretaceous, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 556-563. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

[castellar-2] 1 2 3 4 5 "15.7 Provincia de la Rioja, Spain; 3. Castellar Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 560-561.

[3] R. Estes and B. Sanchíz. 1982. Early Cretaceous lower vertebrates from Galve (Teruel), Spain. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2(1)

[4] Galton, P. M., 2012, Hypsilophodon foxii and other smaller bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs from the lower Cretaceous of southern England: In: Bernissart Dinosaurs and Early Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems, edited by Godefroit, P., Indiana University Press, Part 1, New investigations into the Iguanodon sinkhole at Bernissart and other Early Cretaceous localities in the Mons Basin (Belgium), p. 225-281.

[paro-5] 1 2 Listed as "?Paronychodon sp." in "15.7 Provincia de la Rioja, Spain; 3. Castellar Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 560-561.

[iggy-6] Listed as "Iguanodon cf. atherfieldensis" in "15.7 Provincia de la Rioja, Spain; 3. Castellar Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 560-561.

[:0-7] Pérez-García, A.; Cobos, A.; Royo-Torres, R. (2017-06-01). "The oldest evidence of a dortokid turtle (stem Pleurodira) from the uppermost Hauterivian-basal Barremian El Castellar Formation (Teruel, Spain)". Journal of Iberian Geology. 43 (2): 139–146. Bibcode:2017JIbG...43..139P. doi:10.1007/s41513-017-0013-7. ISSN 1886-7995. S2CID 135098500.

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