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Timeline of Geneva

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Geneva, Switzerland.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by editing the page to add missing items, with references to reliable sources.

Prehistory

[edit]
Year Date Event
c. 18'000 BCDeglaciation is underway in the western Geneva basin, and a large periglacial lake occupies the western part of the basin in front of the Rhône glacier.[1]
c. 16'000 BCEThe front of the Rhône glacier stands at the site of modern Geneva and deposits the sediments that later form the hill of the old town.[1]
c. 13'400–12'900 BCEMagdalenian reindeer hunters occupy the rock shelters of Veyrier, one of the oldest known prehistoric sites in the region.[2]
c. 5000 BCEFarming communities begin clearing large areas for cultivation.[1]
c. 3000–2900 BCEThe first occupation of the hill of Choully at Satigny/Crédery dates to the beginning of the Late Neolithic.[3]
c. 2450–2050 BCEA final prehistoric occupation phase at Crédery is associated with the Bell Beaker culture.[3]
c. 650–450 BCERemains from Hallstatt D culture are attested at Vandœuvres.[4]
c.120 BCThe Allobrogians establish a large sanctuary.[4]

Antiquity

[edit]
Year Date Event
121 BCThe Allobrogian fortified settlement gets conquered by the Roman Republic[5]
58 BCCaesar arrives in Geneva and orders the bridge crossing the Rhône river to be destroyed. A 28 km fortification is constructed, to block the Helvetii.[6]
AD 150Fire [5]
AD 280The city gets promoted to civitas[5]
AD 380A large cathedral complex is completed [5]
AD 400The Diocese of Geneva is established with Isaac of Monteluco becoming the bishop.
AD 443Geneva becomes capital of the Kingdom of the Burgundians.[7]

Middle Ages

[edit]
Year Date Event
AD 515St. Peter's Cathedral get's rebuild by King Sigismund after the Burgundian Civil War.[8]
AD 534The Franks conquer the city.[9]
AD 563A Tsunami on Lake Geneva devestates the city.[10]
AD 773Emperor Charlemagne holds a council of war at St. Peter's Cathedral. [11]
AD 84310 AugustGeneva becomes part of the Middle Francia after the Treaty of Verdun.[8]
AD 880FebruaryGeneva becomes part of the East Francia after the Treaty of Ribemont.
c.1020 ADThe right of coinageis granted.[5]
1032 AD6 SeptemberGeneva reverts to Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor after the death of Rudolph of Burgundy[5]
1034 AD1 AugustConrad II is crowned as King of Burgundy in St. Peter's Cathedral. [12]
1124 ADThe Treaty of Seyssel confirms the bishop’s supremacy over Geneva.
1158 ADConstruction of the present St. Peter's Cathedral begins under Arducius de Faucigny.[13]
1162 ADEmperor Frederick Barbarossa confirms the bishops independence and elevates them to the rank of imperial princes.
1288 ADSt. Peter's Cathedral is completed.[13]
1321 ADFire.[9]
1333 ADFire.[9]
1387 AD23 MayThe Town charter is granted, giving the right to elect four syndics.[14]
1420 ADAround 13 Jewish families are confined to a ghetto. The only one in today's Switzerland.[15]
1430 ADFire.[9]
1434 AD9 MarchAntipope Felix V, the former Duke of Savoy, appoints himself as bishop of Geneva.[8]
1477 AD14 NovemberAn alliance is formed with Bern and Fribourg.[5]
1478 ADThe first local printing press in operation.[16][17]
1490 ADThe city council orders the expulsion of the Jews.[18]

Early modern period

[edit]
Year Date Event
1519 ADGeneva allies with Freibourg.[19]
1524 AD"The Genevese shake off the yoke of Savoy."[14]
1526 ADGeneva allies with Bern.[19]
1530 ADGeneva became its own mistress within, while allied externally with the Swiss confederation.[11]
1535 ADCatholic bishop Pierre de La Baume ousted by Calvinists.[14]
1536 AD21 MayGrand Council of Geneva adopts Protestant religion.[11]
Protestant leader John Calvin active in Geneva.[14][20]
Area of city expanded.[11]
1541 ADThe Republic of Geneva and Genevan Consistory established.
1545 AD2 JuneDivorce granted.[21]
1553 AD27 OctoberMichael Servetus executed for heresy.[14]
1559 ADCollège de Genève founded.[19]
1560 ADEnglish-language Geneva Bible published.
1580 ADPopulation: 17,330.[22]
1584 AD"Geneva forms an alliance with the Swiss cantons."[14]
1602 AD12 December"Savoy fails to conquer Geneva, an event celebrated as the 'Escalade'."[23]
1679 ADFrench embassy established.[24]
1690 ADPopulation: 16,220.[22]
1712 AD28 JuneJean-Jacques Rousseau born.
1738 AD"The republic adopts a regular constitution."[14]
1763 ADGeneva is "made independent."[9]
1766 ADThéâtre de Rosimond built.
1770 AD"Insurrection suppressed."[14]
1781 ADApril–JulyGeneva Revolution of 1782.[25]
1783 ADThéâtre de Neuve built.

Late modern period

[edit]
Year Date Event
1789 ADTrade show held.[21]
1794 ADJuly"Government overthrown;"[19] "executions, etc."[25]
1798 ADAprilGeneva becomes capital of the Léman (department) of the First French Republic (later the First French Empire).[9][22][11]
Population: 24,331.[22]
1813 AD31 DecemberRestoration of the Republic.[7]
1815 ADCanton of Geneva created.[11][7]
Canton of Geneva becomes part of the Swiss Confederation.[23][11]
1816 ADTreaty of Turin nearly doubled the size of the Canton of Geneva.[26]
1817 ADBotanical garden created in the Parc des Bastions [fr].
1821 ADCatholic diocese of Lausanne and Geneva established.[27]
1825 ADPrison begins operating.[28]
1826 ADMusée Rath built.[19]
1828 ADSociété genevoise d'utilité publique [fr] (public welfare society) founded.
1829 ADTöpffer's Adventures of Dr. Festus comic book created.[29]
1834 AD5 FebruaryPolish-Sardinian unrest.[14]
Population: 27,177.[22]
1835 ADConservatoire de Musique de Genève founded.
1837 ADSociété d'histoire et d'archéologie de Genève founded.[30]
1841 ADJews granted freedom of establishment in the canton of Geneva.[31]
1842 ADPolitical unrest.[19]
Geneva municipality created.[11][22]
1845 ADGas lighting installed.[9]
1846 ADPolitical unrest;[14] "constitution made more democratic."[25]
1847 AD"Radical party" in power.[19]
1848 ADBanque de Geneve founded.[32]
1849 ADFortifications begin to be demolished.[14][22]
1850 ADPopulation: 37,724 in city; 64,146 in canton.[33]
1851 ADWatchmaker Patek Philippe & Co. in business.
1852 ADUnion Chrétienne de Jeunes Gens branch established.[34]
Communauté Israélite de Genève founded.
1854 ADJardin Anglais (park) laid out.
1856 ADQuai Gustave-Ador built.
1858 ADGenève-Cornavin railway station opens.
Ecole Saint-Antoine (school) built.[35]
1860 ADPopulation: 82,876 in canton.[33]
1863 ADInternational Committee of the Red Cross headquartered in Geneva.
1864 ADAugustInternational "Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field" signed in Geneva,[36] i.e. "the fundamental rules of war."[23]
22–23 August"Election riots, with loss of life, through the indiscretion of M. Fazy;"[25] city occupied by federal forces.[14]
Monument erected in Port-Noir.[citation needed]
1867 ADSeptemberInternational "Congress of Peace" held in Geneva.[14]
Salle de la Réformation inaugurated.[34]
1873 ADUniversity of Geneva active.[19]
Christian Catholic Church is formally established.[11]
1879 ADGrand Théâtre de Genève opens.[19]
1879 ADBrunswick Monument erected.
1880 ADPopulation: 99,712 in canton.[33]
1881 ADSociété Genevoise de Photographie founded.[37]
1883 AD23 NovemberSteamboat collision on Lake Geneva.[25]
1886 ADGeneva Seal adopted.
1886 ADJet d'Eau (fountain) installed.
1891 ADInternational Peace Bureau headquartered in Geneva.[38]
1892 AD9 JulySteamboat explosion on Lake Geneva.[25]
1893 ADPiolet Club (hiking group) formed.[39]
1894 ADVictoria Hall (concert hall) built.
1896 AD1 MaySwiss National Exhibition opens in Geneva.[25]
1900 ADPopulation: 97,359 in city; 132,609 in canton.[33][11]
1902 AD23 DecemberCathedral bombing.[25]
1905 ADGeneva Motor Show begins.
1907 ADThe Genevese voted to separate Church and State.[11]
1910 ADMuseum of Art and History built.
1917 ADMonument to the Reformation built.
1919 ADInternational Labour Organization headquartered in Geneva.
1920 ADLeague of Nations headquartered in city.[40]
Alhambra cinema active.[41]
1921 ADInter-Parliamentary Union headquartered in Geneva.[38]
1924 ADInternational School of Geneva established.
1926 AD26 SeptemberInternational "Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery" signed in Geneva.[36]
Compagnie de 1602 (heritage society) formed.
1929 AD27 JulyInternational "Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War" signed.[36]
1930 ADPopulation: 124,121 in city; 171,366 in canton.[33]
Les Eaux-Vives, Le Petit-Saconnex [fr] and Plainpalais become part of city.[22]
1932 AD1 FebruaryInternational disarmament conference begins.[23]
31 MayJean Uhler becomes Geneva's 101st mayor.[42]
9 November1932 Geneva unrest
1936 ADWorld Jewish Congress is founded as political platform of solidarity for persecuted Jews and to combat anti-Semitism.[43]
1938 ADPalace of Nations built.
1939 ADGeneva International Music Competition begins.
Geneva hosts the World Zionist Congress.
1942 ADStart of Trolleybuses in Geneva.
1943 AD8 JuneJules Peney becomes Geneva's 112th mayor.[44]

Contemporary era

[edit]
Year Date Event
1947 ADUnited Nations Economic Commission for Europe headquartered in Geneva.[36]
1948 ADWorld Health Organization and World Council of Churches headquartered in Geneva.
1949 AD12 AugustInternational "Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War" signed in Geneva.[36]
1950 ADUnited Nations High Commissioner for Refugees headquartered in Geneva.[36]
Population: 202,918 in canton.[33]
1954 ADInternational conference related to Korea and Indochina held in Geneva.[45]
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) headquartered in nearby Meyrin.
1955 ADL'horloge fleurie flowerbed created in the Jardin Anglais.
1955 AD18 JulyGeneva Summit of the "Big Four" is held.[46]
1957 ADElectric toothbrush invented.[21]
1960 ADWomen's suffrage effected in canton.[24]
1961 ADCentre islamique de Genève [fr] founded.
1963 ADUnited Nations Institute for Training and Research headquartered in Geneva.[36]
1964 ADUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development headquartered in Geneva.[36]
1970 ADPopulation: 173,618 in city; 331,599 in canton.[33]
1972 ADTour du Lac rowing contest begins.
1977 ADGeneva Symphony Orchestra [fr] established.[47]
1978 ADGeneva Mosque built.[48]
1984 AD1 JuneRoger Dafflon becomes Geneva's 153rd mayor.[49]
1985 AD1 JuneRené Emmenegger becomes Geneva's 154th mayor.[49]
19 NovemberRonald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev meet for the first time at Fleur d'Eau.[50]
21 NovemberGeneva Summit concludes.[51]
1986 ADGeneva City Archives [fr] established.
1 JuneClaude Ketterer becomes Geneva's 155th mayor.[49]
1987 ADGeneva Airport railway station opens.
1987 AD1 JuneClaude Haegi becomes Geneva's 156th mayor.[49]
1988 AD Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is set up by the World Meteorological Organisation and United Nations Environment Programme.[52]
1 JuneGuy-Olivier Segond becomes Geneva's 157th mayor.[49]
29 OctoberInternational Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum opens.
1989 AD12 MarchWorld Wide Web concept invented by Berners-Lee of CERN.[21]
1 JuneRené Emmenegger becomes Geneva's 158th mayor.[49]
1990 AD1 JuneAndré Hédiger becomes Geneva's 159th mayor.[49]
1991 AD1 JuneJacqueline Burnand becomes Geneva's 160th mayor.[49]
1992 AD1 JuneMadeleine Rossi becomes Geneva's 161st mayor.[49]
1993 AD 1 JuneMichel Rossetti becomes Geneva's 162nd mayor.[49]
20 DecemberUN General Assembly establishes the position of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.[53]
1994 AD1 JuneAndré Hédiger becomes Geneva's 163rd mayor.[49]
1995 AD1 JanuaryWorld Trade Organization (WTO) establishes its headquarters in Geneva.[54]
1 JuneAlain Vaissade becomes Geneva's 164th mayor.[49]
1996 AD1 JuneJacqueline Burnand becomes Geneva's 165th mayor.[49]
1997 ADSculpture "Broken Chair" installed in the Place des Nations.
1 JuneMichel Rossetti becomes Geneva's 166th mayor.[49]
1998 AD1 JuneAndré Hédiger becomes Geneva's 167th mayor.[49]
1999 AD4 MayNew building of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) inaugurated.[55]
1 JunePierre Muller becomes Geneva's 168th mayor.[49]
2000 ADPopulation: 177,964 in city; 413,673 in canton.[33]
1 JuneAlain Vaissade becomes Geneva's 169th mayor.[49]
2001 AD1 JuneManuel Tornare becomes Geneva's 170th mayor.[49]
2002 ADCity website online (approximate date).[56][chronology citation needed]
1 JuneAndré Hédiger becomes Geneva's 171st mayor.[49]
2003 AD1 JuneChristian Ferrazino becomes Geneva's 172nd mayor.[49]
2004 ADGenève-Sécheron railway station opens.
1 JunePierre Muller becomes Geneva's 173rd mayor.[49]
2005 ADGeneva Citizens' Movement established.
1 JuneManuel Tornare becomes Geneva's 174th mayor.[49]
2006 AD1 JuneAndré Hédiger becomes Geneva's 175th mayor.[49]
2007 AD 1 JunePatrice Mugny becomes Geneva's 176th mayor.[49]
23 JulyRhino squat is evicted.
2008 AD 1 JuneManuel Tornare becomes Geneva's 177th mayor.[49]
10 SeptemberCERN launches the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).[57]
2009 AD 1 JuneRémy Pagani becomes Geneva's 178th mayor.[49]
10 JulyCalvin Jubilee held.[58]
November–DecemberWorld Trade Organisation Ministerial Conference of 2009 held in Geneva.
NovemberAnti-WTO protest.[59]
2010 AD1 JuneSandrine Salerno becomes Geneva's 179th mayor.[49]
2011 AD1 JunePierre Maudet becomes Geneva's 180th mayor.[49]
2012 AD1 JuneRémy Pagani becomes Geneva's 181st mayor.[49]
2013 ADRevised constitution of the Canton of Geneva effected; created by the Assemblée constituante de Genève [fr].
1 JuneSandrine Salerno becomes Geneva's 182nd mayor.[49]
Population: 469,433 in canton.[60]
2014 ADNuclear bunkers converted to homeless shelters.[61]
1 JuneSami Kanaan becomes Geneva's 183rd mayor.[49]
2015 AD 1 JuneEsther Alder becomes Geneva's 184th mayor.[49]
AugustIntern-in-tent reported.[62]
2016 AD1 JuneGuillaume Barazzone becomes Geneva's 185th mayor.[49]
2017 AD1 JuneRémy Pagani becomes Geneva's 186th mayor.[49]
2018 AD1 JuneSami Kanaan becomes Geneva's 187th mayor.[49]
2019 ADOpening of the CEVA rail line to Annemasse in France, operated by the Léman Express train service.
1 JuneSandrine Salerno becomes Geneva's 188th mayor.[63]
2020 AD1 JuneSami Kanaan becomes Geneva's 189th mayor.[64]
2021 AD1 JuneFrédérique Perler becomes Geneva's 190th mayor.[65]
2022 AD1 JuneMarie Barbey-Chappuis becomes Geneva's 191st mayor.[66]
2023 AD1 JuneAlfonso Gomez becomes Geneva's 192nd mayor.[67]
2024 AD1 JuneChristina Kitsos becomes Geneva's 193rd mayor.[68]
2025 AD1 JuneAlfonso Gomez becomes Geneva's 194th mayor.[69]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 Corboud, Pierre (2009). "La mise en place du paysage: l'environnement préhistorique du Bassin genevois". as. Archéologie Suisse (in French). 32 (2). doi:10.5169/seals-109972.
  2. ↑ Stahl Gretsch, Laurence-Isaline (2009). "Les occupations magdaléniennes du Veyrier: l'un des plus anciens sites du Bassin genevois". as. Archéologie Suisse (in French). 32 (2). doi:10.5169/seals-109973.
  3. 1 2 Besse, Marie; Andrey, Céline; von Tobel, Céline (2009). "Le Néolithique final à Crédery (Satigny) : un site terrestre parmi les Lacustres". as. Archéologie Suisse (in French). 32 (2). doi:10.5169/seals-109974.
  4. 1 2 Genequand, Denis; Studer, Jacqueline (2009). "La fouille du parking de Vandoeuvres: nouvelles données sur l'âge du Fer dans la campagne genevoise". as. Archéologie Suisse (in French). 32 (2). doi:10.5169/seals-109975.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Martine Piguet (7 February 2018). "Genf (Gemeinde)". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (in German). Retrieved 25 March 2026.
  6. ↑ Caesar, Julius (1917). "Book 1, chapters 7–8". The Gallic War. Loeb Classical Library. Vol. 72. Translated by H. J. Edwards. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  7. 1 2 3 "Genève (canton)", Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (in French), retrieved 2 April 2022
  8. 1 2 3 Catherine Santschi (11 July 2007). "Genf (Diözese, Fürstbistum)". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (in German). Retrieved 25 March 2026.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Overall 1870.
  10. ↑ "Lake Monsters", The Economist, UK, 3 November 2012
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Britannica 1910.
  12. ↑ Britannica 1911.
  13. 1 2 "The Middle Ages". Fondation des Clefs de St-Pierre. Retrieved 28 March 2026.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Townsend 1877.
  15. ↑ Cranach, Kaufmann, Knoch-Mund, Picard, Weingarten, Philipp, Robert Uri, Gaby, Jacques, Ralph. "«Judentum», in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz HLS online, 2016".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. ↑ Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
  17. ↑ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Switzerland: Genève". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
  18. ↑ Knoch-Mund, Picard, Gaby, Jacques. "«Antisemitismus», in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz HLS online, 2009".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Chambers 1901.
  20. ↑ "Switzerland". Political Chronology of Europe. Europa Publications. 2003. pp. 248+. ISBN 978-1-135-35687-3.
  21. 1 2 3 4 Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Genève (commune)", Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (in French), retrieved 30 October 2015
  23. 1 2 3 4 Leo Schelbert (2014). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (2nd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4422-3352-2.
  24. 1 2 Leo Schelbert (2014). Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (2nd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4422-3352-2.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Haydn 1910.
  26. ↑ Judd, Phillip (16 March 2016). "On this day 200 years ago Geneva nearly doubled in size". le News. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  27. ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Switzerland". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  28. ↑ Mitchel P. Roth (2006). "Chronology". Prisons and Prison Systems: A Global Encyclopedia. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-32856-5.
  29. ↑ Steven Anzovin; Janet Podell, eds. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
  30. ↑ Mémoires et documents (in French), Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de Genève, 1841
  31. ↑ Knoch-Mund, Picard. "«Antisemitismus», in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz HLS online, 2009".
  32. ↑ "Switzerland". International Banking Directory. Bankers Publishing Company. 1920.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Evolution de la population des communes 1850–2000 (xls) (in French), Swiss Confederation, Federal Statistical Office, 2005
  34. 1 2 Weibel 2006.
  35. ↑ "Plan de Ville". Ville de Genève: site officiel (in French). Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Richard Green (2008). Chronology of International Organizations. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-35590-6.
  37. ↑ Scandlin, W. I.; Harrison, Frederick J.; Smith, Francis P.; Elliott, Arthur H. (1902), "Amateur Photographic Societies ... Foreign", International Annual of Anthony's Photographic Bulletin, vol. 14, New York: E. & H. T. Anthony & Company, pp. 14 v, hdl:2027/mdp.39015065594080
  38. 1 2 Sandi E. Cooper (1991). "Peace Societies". Patriotic Pacifism: Waging War on War in Europe, 1815–1914. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-536343-2.
  39. ↑ A.J. Mackintosh (1907). "Mountaineering Clubs, 1857–1907". Alpine Journal (177). UK. hdl:2027/njp.32101076197365.
  40. ↑ "Switzerland Profile: Timeline", BBC News, 8 May 2012, retrieved 30 September 2015
  41. ↑ "Movie Theaters in Geneva". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  42. ↑ "Geneva City Council: Minutes of Sessions 1932" (PDF). Geneva City Archives. p. 3. Retrieved 7 April 2026. on 31 May, the Administrative Council renewed its Bureau… Mr Jean UHLER, president
  43. ↑ Cranach. "«Judentum», in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz HLS online, 2016".
  44. ↑ "Geneva City Council: Minutes of Sessions 1943" (PDF). Geneva City Archives. p. 3. Retrieved 7 April 2026. on Tuesday 8 June 1943, at 10 a.m… Mr Jules PENEY was elected president
  45. ↑ Bernard A. Cook, ed. (2013). "Chronology of Major Political Events". Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-17939-7.
  46. ↑ "Meeting of the Heads of Government (Summit Conference) of the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Union at Geneva, July 18–23, 1955". U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  47. ↑ Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
  48. ↑ Switzerland, ArchNet, archived from the original on 5 April 2007
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 "Maires de la Ville de Genève depuis 1842". Archives de la Ville de Genève. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  50. ↑ "L'accueil de Reagan" (in French). Radio Télévision Suisse. 19 November 1985. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  51. ↑ "Geneva Summit (1985)". U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  52. ↑ "About the IPCC". Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  53. ↑ "History of the mandate". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  54. ↑ "World Trade Organization". World Trade Organization. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  55. ↑ "World Meteorological Organization". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  56. ↑ "Ville de Geneve: Le Site officiel" (in French). Archived from the original on 5 December 2002 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
  57. ↑ "The Large Hadron Collider". CERN. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  58. ↑ "A City of Mixed Emotions Observes Calvin's 500th", New York Times, 4 November 2009
  59. ↑ Geneva anti-WTO protesters smash windows, burn cars, Reuters, 28 November 2009
  60. ↑ Cantonal portraits 2015, Swiss Confederation, Federal Statistical Office
  61. ↑ "New cold war: the Geneva fallout bunkers doubling as homeless shelters", The Guardian, Cities, UK, 22 October 2014
  62. ↑ "U.N. Faces Scrutiny Over Unpaid Intern Who Slept in a Tent in Geneva", New York Times, 13 August 2015
  63. ↑ "MÉMORIAL" (PDF). Ville de Genève. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  64. ↑ "Conseil administratif élu : répartition des départements pour la nouvelle législature". Ville de Genève. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  65. ↑ "Communiqué de presse du Conseil administratif 26 mai 2021". Ville de Genève. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  66. ↑ "Communiqué de presse du Conseil administratif 25 mai 2022". Ville de Genève. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  67. ↑ "Mairie 2023-2024". Ville de Genève. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  68. ↑ "Mairie 2024-2025". Ville de Genève. Retrieved 7 April 2026.
  69. ↑ "Maire de Genève". Ville de Genève. Retrieved 7 April 2026.

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

[edit]

in English

[edit]
Published in the 17th–19th century
Published in the 20th century
Published in the 21st century

in French

[edit]
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