Mount Liangpran
| Mount Liangpran | |
|---|---|
| Gunung Liangpran | |
  Mount Liangpran Location in Borneo  Mount Liangpran Mount Liangpran (Indonesia) | |
 | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,240 m (7,350 ft)[1][2] |
| Prominence | 1,366 m (4,482 ft)[2] |
| Listing | Ribu |
| Coordinates | 1°02′41″S 114°22′02″E / 1.0446°S 114.3671°E[2] |
| Geography | |
| Location | Mahakam Ulu Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia |
| Parent range | Müller Mountains |
Mount Liangpran (Indonesian: Gunung Liangpran) is a mountain located in Mahakam Ulu Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.[1] With an elevation of 2,240 metres (7,349 ft) above sea level, it is the highest mountain in East Kalimantan and the second-highest in Borneo after Mount Bukit Raya.[1][3] The mountain is situated in the Müller Mountains range, approximately 60 km west of the town of Long Pahangai.[1][4]
Mount Liangpran is located within the "Heart of Borneo" (HoB) conservation area, a region known for its high biodiversity.[1] The mountain is particularly noted for its rich diversity of orchid species, making it a destination for researchers and nature enthusiasts.[1][4]
Geography
[edit source]Mount Liangpran is situated in the remote interior of Borneo, within the Müller Mountains, which run parallel to the northwestern boundary of East Kalimantan.[5] The mountain is located in Long Pahangai District, Mahakam Ulu Regency (formerly part of West Kutai Regency).[1][4] The area is characterised by dense tropical rainforest and is part of the "Heart of Borneo" conservation region.[1]
The mountain has a prominence of 1,366 metres (4,482 ft), and is classified as a Tinggi Sedang (medium high) Ribu peak.[2] The region is crossed by several significant rivers, including the Mahakam, Barito, and Kapuas rivers.[6]
Ecology
[edit source]The slopes of Mount Liangpran are covered with lush tropical forest and are known for their high biodiversity.[1] The mountain is particularly noted for its diverse orchid species, making it a destination for nature enthusiasts and researchers.[1][4]
A 2019 study by Effendi et al., titled "Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Anggrek Epifit di kaki Gunung Liangpran Kalimantan Timur" (Diversity and Abundance of Epiphytic Orchids at the Foothills of Mount Liangpran, East Kalimantan), documented at least six species of terrestrial orchids and eleven species of epiphytic orchids at the foothills of Mount Liangpran.[1] The research also recorded new distribution records for the orchid Crepidium micranthum in Kalimantan, as well as two new endemic species: Habenaria salaccensis and Dendrobium roseatum.[1][3]
Another study identified fourteen species of orchids, with Coelogyne asperata and Agrostophyllum stipulatum being the most dominant, each with an abundance of 23.53%.[7] The orchids were found to be distributed across zones II to V based on Johansson's sections, with zone IV being the most diverse.[7] Nine species of host trees were identified, grouped into five families, with heights ranging from 7 to 57 metres and diameters from 12 to 112 cm.[7]
Recreation
[edit source]Mount Liangpran is a destination for trekkers and adventurers seeking to explore the remote highlands of Borneo.[4] The climb is considered challenging due to the remote location and dense forest terrain.[1][6]
To reach the starting point of the climb, travellers must travel overland and then by boat along rivers, hiring a boat from local residents to navigate into the interior.[1][3] After that, the journey continues with trekking through dense forest. The difficult terrain, along with the significant cost and logistics, mean that the mountain remains one of the least climbed peaks in Kalimantan.[6]
The mountain is considered sacred by the local Dayak community. Before climbing, trekkers are advised to seek permission from the local customary leaders. During the journey, trekkers are required to maintain respectful behaviour, not damage plants, not litter, and avoid using inappropriate language. The climb is usually accompanied by a local guide for safety reasons and to respect local customs.[3]
The mountain offers panoramic views of the surrounding Müller Mountains and the Heart of Borneo rainforest.[4]
See also
[edit source]
References
[edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Pegunungan Liangpran, Satu Puncak Tertinggi di Kalimantan Ada di Kaltim". detik.com (in Indonesian). 2026-05-08. Retrieved 2026-08-08.
- 1 2 3 4 "Gunung Liangpran". Gunung Bagging. Retrieved 2026-08-08.
- 1 2 3 4 "Gunung Liangpran: Surga Anggrek Endemik dan Wisata Alam Terbaik di Kalimantan Timur". Kaltim Akurasi (in Indonesian). 2026-06-07. Retrieved 2026-08-08.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "3 Gunung Tersembunyi di Kaltim yang Wajib Didaki, Pemandangannya Bikin Lupa Pulang!". Balikpapan TV (in Indonesian). 2025-07-09. Retrieved 2026-08-08.
- ↑ "Muller Mountains". Britannica. Retrieved 2026-08-08.
- 1 2 3 "Mountain Trekking in Borneo: Conquer Peaks, Meet Orangutans & Dayak Culture". Trek Indonesia. Retrieved 2026-08-08.
- 1 2 3 "Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Anggrek Epifit di kaki Gunung Liangpran Kalimantan Timur". Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital. Retrieved 2026-08-08.
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