George Valavanis

George K. Valavanis (Greek: Γεώργιος Κ. Βαλαβάνης; 1876–1943) was a Pontic Greek journalist, folklorist and author.

Biography

Early life and career

George K. Valavanis was born in 1876 in Kerasous (modern day Giresun), where he also got an education. Despite his parents wishing for him to pursue the career of a merchant and tailor, he instead chose to become a journalist, as he was inspired by his folklorist uncle, Ioannes Valavanis.

From 1911 to 1914, he published the weekly newspaper Aretias (Greek: Ἀρητιάς), named after Aretias, from the printing house of an Armenian named Vahan Pelagian.

Expulsion and later life

During the Pontic Greek genocide, he was sentenced to death by the Turkish National Movement, but managed to escape death. After the end of the Greco-Turkish War in 1922, he worked for the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, where he helped treat Pontic Greek refugees. As he could not return to his city due to the 1923 population exchange, he moved to Hymettus in Greece, where he was elected as president of the local community.

He continued to work as a journalist for newspapers and magazines, publishing articles concerning the history and folklore of Kerasous. He died in 1943, due to hardships sustained during the German occupation of Greece in World War II. The magazine Chronicles of Pontus wrote an article commemorating him the same year.

Works

List of works

• The Contemporary General History of Pontus (Greek: Σύγχρονος Γενική Ιστορία του Πόντου), published in Athens in 1925.

• Wedding songs and customs of Kerasous (Greek: Γαμήλια τραγούδια και έθιμα της Κερασούντας), published in the Pontic Papers in 1937.
• The origin of the Pontic name Poulantzakis (Greek: Πόθεν το όνομα Πουλαντζάκης του Πόντου), published in the Pontic Papers in 1938.

Modern reevaluation

The methodological neutrality for the number of 353,00 dead he provides in The Contemporary General History of Pontus has been reevaluated by Andrekos Varnava. Scholars Tasos Kostopoulos and Nicholas Doumanis, argue that based on a comparative analysis of Ottoman census data and refugee records, a more realistic estimate for the death toll in the Pontus region between 1912 and 1923 lies at around 100,000.

Sources

• "Georgios K. Valavanis". Pontic Lyrics Digital Library. Retrieved 7 August 2026.
• Varnava, Andrekos (2025-04-03). "Distinguishing between genocide and ethnic cleansing in the Ottoman Empire (1914–23) and why this matters". Griffith Law Review. 34 (2). doi:10.1080/10383441.2024.2413741. ISSN 1038-3441.

External links

• Georgios Valavanis Archived 2016-02-28 at the Wayback Machine