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Serrasalmus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the familySerrasalmidae, which includes the pacus, piranhas and related fishes. They are collectively known as pirambebas; the "typical" piranhas like the piraya piranha are nowadays placed in Pygocentrus. Like all piranhas, Serrasalmus are native to South America.
One species, S. humeralis, was able to temporarily establish a breeding population in Florida before being eradicated in 1981.[2][3]
Serrasalmus species have sharp teeth and generally have a compressed rhomboid shape.[4][verification needed] In some, the shape is more ovoid, particularly in old specimens. There is also a high variation in color patterns found within this genus.[4][verification needed] Some Serrasalmusspecies can exceed 20 in or 510 mm (S. manueli and S. rhombeus, according to OPEFE), placing them among the largest Serrasalmidae.[citation needed]
Serrasalmus species are primarily piscivorous, with varying degrees of propensity for omnivory depending on the species. Plant material ingested may include fruits and seeds.[5]
Middle Miocene-aged fossil tooth remains of a serrasalmid potentially referable to Serrasalmus are known from the Pebas Formation of Peru. The genus otherwise does not have a fossil record.[8]
↑Shafland, Paul L.; Foote, Karen Jo (1979). "A Reproducing Population of Serrasalmus Humeralis Valenciennes in Southern Florida". Florida Scientist. 42 (4): 206–214. ISSN0098-4590. JSTOR24319655.
↑Nakayama, Celeste Mutuko; Rebelo Porto, Jorge Ivan; Feldberg, Eliana (2002-04-01). "A Comparative Cytogenetic Study of Five Piranha Species (Serrasalmus, Serrasalminae) from the Amazon Basin". Genetica. 114 (3): 231–236. doi:10.1023/A:1016275505655. ISSN1573-6857. PMID12206361.
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