Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park

Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park
Mound 1, the tallest surviving prehistoric earthwork in Florida
Letchworth-Love Mounds Location within Florida Letchworth-Love Mounds Location within the United States
Interactive map of Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park
Location	Jefferson County, Florida, USA
Nearest city	Monticello, Florida
Coordinates	30°31′04″N 83°59′30″W
Area	76.2 ha (188.2 acres)
Established	1998 (1998)
Governing body	Florida Department of Environmental Protection
Letchworth Mounds Archaeological Site
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
NRHP reference No.	10001034
Added to NRHP	15 December 2010 (2010-12-15)

Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park is a 76.2 ha (188.2 acres) Florida state park in Jefferson County, Florida, about 9.7 kilometres (6 mi) west of Monticello. It preserves the Letchworth-Love Mounds (8JE337), a Woodland period mound complex on a low sandy rise near the southwestern shore of Lake Miccosukee. Its principal earthwork, Mound 1, stands about 15 metres (49 ft) tall and is the tallest surviving prehistoric Native American earthwork mound in Florida. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

The complex was built and occupied chiefly by the Swift Creek and Weeden Island cultures between roughly AD 200 and 900, with most mound construction falling in the early Weeden Island period. At least seven mounds survive within the park, set around a central plaza with an adjoining habitation area; historical accounts describe as many as 28 mounds across the wider site. Excavations in the habitation area have uncovered a Woodland-period house whose radiocarbon dates place it in the fifth or sixth century AD. Lying near the geographic center of the Weeden Island culture area, Letchworth is distinctive among the culture's major ceremonial centers, most of which stand at its margins.

The mound was described in print as early as 1931 and noted in 1939 by the historian Mark F. Boyd, who called it the "Miccosukee mound"; even so, the land remained in private, largely agricultural ownership and was not formally recorded until 1975. The state assembled the park through purchases in 1992 and 2005; it opened to the public in 1998 and is managed by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection Division of Recreation and Parks.

Beyond the mounds, the park protects a mosaic of upland woodland and wetland communities in the Tallahassee Hills that shelter several rare and imperiled species, and it lies within the Florida Wildlife Corridor. It is open for hiking, birding, picnicking, and wildlife viewing, with an interpretive pavilion and an elevated platform overlooking Mound 1.

Name

The park is named for the Letchworth-Love Mounds (8JE337), the archaeological site it protects. The "Letchworth" part of the name is associated with the family of Larry R. and Rosa C. Letchworth, the former private owners of the land on which the principal mound sits. The state bought the land from them in 1992 as part of the P-2000 and CARL land-conservation programs. Before the Letchworths owned the land, writers and archaeologists referred to the principal earthwork by other names; in a 1939 article, the historian Mark F. Boyd called it the "Miccosukee mound".

History

Discovery and early documentation

A map showing all the points of interest at the park

The earliest known publication of the site comes from June 1931, when an article in the Tallahassee Daily Democrat by Bob Evans described Mound 1 as the largest known Indian mound in Florida. Evans reported that members of the Tallahassee post of the American Legion were working to preserve the mound, and noted that four excavation pits had already been dug into its top. The following year, on January 21, 1932, members of the Florida Geological Survey visited the mound; a photograph taken during that visit shows W. F. Yarborough at its base and J. Clarence Simpson at its summit, and is now preserved in the Florida State Archives. In a 1939 article on Spanish mission sites, the historian Mark F. Boyd listed a pyramidal earthwork he called the "Miccosukee mound", about half a mile west of Lake Miccosukee and south of U.S. Highway 90, and observed that it "may actually lie in Jefferson county".

Despite this early attention, the land stayed in private hands, and the mound complex was not formally recorded until 1975. By then much of the property had seen agricultural and forestry use, including cattle grazing behind wire fencing; plowing had cut into the largest mound, and one of the smaller mounds had been destroyed during the 1970s.

State acquisition

On June 30, 1992, the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Trust Fund purchased an 81.198-acre tract from Larry R. and Rosa C. Letchworth, drawing on the P-2000 and Florida Conservation and Recreation Lands (CARL) programs. The tract was leased to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP), Division of Recreation and Parks, for management on October 21, 1996, and the park opened to visitors in 1998. A second purchase—109.138 acres from Hurley H. Booth on August 29, 2005—enlarged the park to its present 76.2 ha (188.2 acres).

Archaeology

The mound complex

Within the state park, the site (8JE337) extends across roughly 46 hectares (114 acres) and contains at least seven surviving mounds, together with a plaza, a former habitation area, and a pond—the last of which may originally have been a borrow pit dug to supply earth for mound construction. A 1997 letter from the archaeologist Calvin Jones placed the overall total at 28 mounds in and around the site, about a dozen of them on private land to the south and east.

Mound 1, the principal earthwork, is a flat-topped pyramidal mound: a ramp climbs its northern side, low apron-like extensions flank it to the east and west, and a broad platform projects to the south. Standing about 15 metres (49 ft) high, it is the tallest surviving prehistoric earthwork in Florida. Radiocarbon evidence indicates that it was raised in three stages, beginning after the late third or early fourth century AD.

The mound complex plaza; Mound 1 lies in the treeline at left and Mound 3 at right.

Individual mounds

The 2019 unit management plan documents seven standing mounds within the state park, numbered 1 through 7, along with related mound components outside the current park boundary that have been recorded historically or destroyed before state acquisition.

Standing mounds at Letchworth-Love Mounds (8JE337)

Mound	Shape	Dimensions	Function	Condition
1	Truncated pyramid with ramp, aprons, and platform	15 m (49 ft) tall	Ceremonial	Fair
2	Rectangular	~20 m (66 ft) × 25 m (82 ft), less than 1 m (3.3 ft) tall	Possible residential platform	Good
3	Conical	~10 m (33 ft) diameter, less than 1 m (3.3 ft) tall	Not specified	Fair
4	Oval	~10 m (33 ft) diameter, less than 1 m (3.3 ft) tall	Not specified	Good
5	Oval	50 m (160 ft) diameter, 2 m (6.6 ft) tall	Not specified	Fair
6	Oval	60 m (200 ft) diameter, 1.5 m (4.9 ft) tall	Mortuary	Fair
7	Low sand mound	Not specified	Not specified	Good
Source: FDEP 2019. Condition uses the FDEP Good/Fair/Poor scale.

Mound 1 is described above. Mound 2, near the site of the former Letchworth residence, is a low mound of roughly rectangular outline whose form has been read as a base that once carried dwellings. Mound 3 appeared only as a doubtful feature on Jones's 1987 sketch map and was not accurately surveyed until 2003, when it was mapped close to the present parking area and pavilion; a large live oak that once grew on its summit has since been taken down, and earlier clearing under private ownership reshaped its outer slope. Mound 4, a small oval feature little touched by modern activity, was found in 2003 as the survey crew cleared vegetation along the south side of Mound 1. Mound 5, the tallest of the low mounds and oval in plan, has been disturbed by agricultural plowing. Mound 6, also oval, is interpreted in the management plan as a burial mound and has likewise been affected by farming and silviculture. Mound 7, immediately east of Mound 6, is the most recent discovery; the University of South Florida located it through archaeological sensitivity modeling after a prescribed burn removed the dense shrub layer, and no artifacts were visible on the surface when it was recorded.

Mound 6 at Letchworth-Love Mounds in the afternoon.

Other mounds once tied to the complex either lie beyond the modern park or no longer exist. The Sun Ray Road Mound (8JE133), documented in 1972 by the state archaeologist James J. Miller, stood east of the present boundary as an intact yellow-sand burial mound until land clearing destroyed it in the 1980s.

Three further suspected mound sites on state land—labeled CJ-A, CJ-B, and CJ-C from Jones's 1987 sketch map—are thought to have been flattened by clearing before they could be confirmed, and the 2003 survey found no surviving trace of any of them.

Chronology and cultural affiliation

Artifacts recovered across the site span a roughly 10,000-year period, throughout which human habitation was intermittent, though the overwhelming majority date to the Weeden Island period. A 2003 auger and topographic survey of the southern portion of the park concluded that the mounds were most likely constructed during the earlier phases of the Weeden Island period (AD 200–900); the recovered assemblage is detailed below (see § Artifacts).

Located near the geographic center of the Weeden Island cultural area, Letchworth is distinctive among the culture's known ceremonial centers. Other major Weeden Island ceremonial centers include the McKeithen site in Columbia County, Florida and Kolomoki in Early County, Georgia, along with, possibly, Crystal River; all lie at the peripheries of the cultural area rather than at its center.

Domestic architecture

During the 2019–2020 field season, excavations directed by University of Michigan archaeologist Martin Menz uncovered a Woodland-period residential structure at the site. This structure is a significant find, as it is one of only a handful of such structures identified in the Gulf Coastal Plain. The flexed-pole building measured approximately 4.3 metres (14 ft) in diameter and enclosed about 14.5 square metres (156 sq ft) of interior space. The structure featured a central hearth and six interior storage pits. Radiocarbon dates on features in the structure cluster around cal AD 420–637, placing residential use at the site in the fifth and sixth centuries AD.

Artifacts

Artifacts were recovered throughout the survey area during the 2003 auger and topographic survey. During that survey, lithic artifacts accounted for approximately 79 percent of the total assemblage, ceramics for 16 percent, and a smaller quantity of clay, animal bone, and other material for the remainder. No historic-period artifacts were recovered during the survey. Of the diagnostic artifacts identified, approximately 96 percent (1,340 pieces) date to the Weeden Island period, 3 percent (35 pieces) to the Deptford period, and 1 percent (19 pieces) to the Fort Walton period.

Interpretive sign at the park describing artifact types recovered from the site.

The lithic collection includes material representing all stages of stone-tool manufacture, from cores, decortication flakes, and blocky shatter through broken blanks, preforms, and bifacial thinning flakes to expedient tools such as knives, shavers, and abraders, along with a smaller number of finished tools. A concentration of lithics near a swampy area in the southwest corner of the survey area suggests that a chert quarry source may lie nearby, although no chert outcrops were observed on the surface or encountered during auger testing. Pre-Deptford material is thin: the only two artifacts, a middle-stage bifacial preform of heavily patinated translucent chert and a unifacial end scraper, were identified as possible Paleoindian or Early Archaic pieces. Middle Archaic material is largely limited to a few expedient flake tools and the distal end of a Newnan- or Hillsborough-like projectile point.

Ceramic assemblages include several characteristic Weeden Island wares, including Franklin Plain, Swift Creek Complicated Stamped, Wakulla Check Stamped, and Carrabelle Punctated types. Three concentrations of ceramics were identified during auger testing, in the middle-southwestern, southeastern, and northeastern portions of the survey area. A single sand-tempered Chattahoochee Brushed body sherd, identified as a possible Seminole-period vessel fragment, was recovered from an auger unit in the site's central area. The domestic collection from the Woodland-period house at Block 1 is described as dominated by utilitarian ceramics and everyday tools.

All artifacts and field notes from the 2003 survey are curated by the Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research (BAR) in Tallahassee under Accession Number 03.02. The park itself does not maintain collections of archaeological artifacts or materials.

Relationship to nearby sites

Based on archaeological data, the Letchworth mound complex predates the Middle Mississippian-period Fort Walton culture mound centers of the Florida Panhandle, including the Lake Jackson site and the Fort Walton Mound, by at least two centuries.

Geology

Physiography

The Letchworth-Love Mounds lie in the Tallahassee Hills of northern Florida, a province of hills and ridges—erosional remnants standing up to about 79 metres (260 ft)—capped by clastic sediments of the Upper Miocene Miccosukee Formation. Now deeply cut by streams and by solution of the underlying rock, the Hills are interpreted as the dissected remains of an originally near-level Miocene deltaic plain that once extended across northern Jefferson County; they are broken today by scattered lakes, streams, and narrow valleys, among them Lake Miccosukee in the western part of the county. To the south the province ends at the Cody Scarp, a southward-facing escarpment separating the Tallahassee Hills from the lower Gulf Coastal Lowlands.

Lying on a low, barely perceptible sandy rise on Lake Miccosukee's southwestern shore, the park is within the flat corridor through which the lake drains, at roughly 24 metres (80 ft) above sea level. Away from the mound group the natural surface is nearly level, so that the most pronounced relief in the park is artificial: Mound 1 stands about 15 metres (49 ft) above the surrounding ground.

Stratigraphy

Beneath the park, the Tallahassee Hills are built of a heterogeneous mass of clastic sediment. The surface unit is the Upper Miocene Miccosukee Formation, a body of weathered red clayey quartz sand; it grades downward into the Middle Miocene Hawthorn Formation and then the Lower Miocene St. Marks Formation. In Jefferson County the Hawthorn is a waxy, phosphate-rich clay interbedded with sands that also carry phosphorite, generally 15 to 21 metres (50 to 70 ft) thick across the central and southern county and lying unconformably on the beds below. The St. Marks Formation is a white to pale-orange sandy limestone (calcilutite) up to about 37 metres (120 ft) thick that unconformably overlies the Oligocene Suwannee Limestone, the oldest rock exposed in the county.

At greater depth, wells record the Suwannee Limestone above a thick Eocene carbonate section, the Ocala Group, Avon Park Limestone, and Lake City Limestone, below which Paleocene, Cretaceous, and finally Paleozoic beds descend to a quartzitic sandstone reached at about 2,400 metres (7,900 ft). The uppermost unit of the Ocala Group, the Crystal River Formation, is named for its type locality at Crystal River to the south.

Soils

Soils at the park follow its gentle relief. Well-drained Lucy loamy fine sand and Orangeburg sandy loam, which reach into the park from the northwest, carry the upland mixed woodland; moderately well-drained Blanton fine sand covers the center, where past cultivation was concentrated; and poorly drained Albany sand along the northern rim supports an early-successional upland hardwood forest. On the low, wet ground of the southern margin (management zone LE-E), Plummer and Pelham fine sands and Pamlico–Dorovan mucks underlie the bottomland forest, basin swamp, and depression marshes.

Hydrology

Meaningful surface drainage is confined to the park's far southern margin, where a few intermittent streamlets and more persistent seeps feed Lake Drain—a blackwater channel flowing toward Lake Miccosukee. Three depression marshes in the southern management zone connect to Lake Drain at least seasonally and sit within upland hardwood forest; mature live oaks and a core of buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) fringe the southernmost marsh, while the two nearer the power-line right-of-way are bordered by St. John's-wort and have more open, herb-dominated centers.

By safeguarding these headwaters and wetlands, the park contributes to recharge of the Floridan Aquifer, the region's principal source of groundwater. The Floridan—a thick sequence of Middle Eocene to Early Miocene carbonates—underlies Jefferson County and is recharged in part through sinkholes around Lake Miccosukee, whereas the overlying Hawthorn Formation yields only minor, discontinuous secondary aquifers.

Climate

The Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with hot, humid summers and mild winters. The nearest long-term weather station, at Tallahassee International Airport approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the west, records roughly 1,500 millimetres (59 in) of annual precipitation, most of which falls in summer thunderstorms between June and September.

Climate data for Tallahassee International Airport, the nearest weather station (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1892–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °F (°C)	84 (29)	89 (32)	91 (33)	95 (35)	102 (39)	105 (41)	104 (40)	103 (39)	102 (39)	97 (36)	89 (32)	84 (29)	105 (41)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C)	63.9 (17.7)	67.8 (19.9)	74.2 (23.4)	80.2 (26.8)	87.4 (30.8)	90.8 (32.7)	92.1 (33.4)	91.5 (33.1)	88.6 (31.4)	81.7 (27.6)	72.5 (22.5)	65.9 (18.8)	79.7 (26.5)
Daily mean °F (°C)	52.2 (11.2)	55.6 (13.1)	61.4 (16.3)	67.3 (19.6)	75.2 (24.0)	80.8 (27.1)	82.5 (28.1)	82.4 (28.0)	79.1 (26.2)	70.3 (21.3)	60.2 (15.7)	54.4 (12.4)	68.5 (20.3)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C)	40.5 (4.7)	43.5 (6.4)	48.6 (9.2)	54.4 (12.4)	63.0 (17.2)	70.8 (21.6)	73.0 (22.8)	73.2 (22.9)	69.6 (20.9)	58.8 (14.9)	48.0 (8.9)	42.9 (6.1)	57.2 (14.0)
Record low °F (°C)	6 (−14)	−2 (−19)	20 (−7)	29 (−2)	34 (1)	46 (8)	57 (14)	57 (14)	40 (4)	29 (−2)	13 (−11)	10 (−12)	−2 (−19)
Average precipitation inches (mm)	4.41 (112)	4.28 (109)	5.24 (133)	3.53 (90)	3.36 (85)	7.76 (197)	7.14 (181)	7.60 (193)	4.91 (125)	3.24 (82)	3.10 (79)	4.24 (108)	58.81 (1,494)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in)	8.9	8.1	8.0	6.7	7.5	14.3	16.4	14.8	9.0	5.9	6.3	8.3	114.2
Source: NOAA

Ecology

A map of the natural forest communities found at Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park

Flora

The Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) recognizes five natural community types within the park. The largest of these communities is the upland mixed woodland, covering 45.56 hectares (112.57 acres) across the central and northern portions of the property. In the FNAI's classification, upland mixed woodland carries an open to partly closed canopy led by southern red oak (Quercus falcata), mockernut hickory (Carya alba), post oak (Q. stellata), blackjack oak (Q. marilandica), and black oak (Q. velutina), together with shortleaf and longleaf pine (Pinus echinata, P. palustris). Below the canopy, small trees such as flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) and sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboreum) stand over a thick ground layer of grasses, forbs, and hardwoods.

Upland mixed woodland has a naturally narrow range, confined to a strip of northern Florida from Jackson to Marion counties; much of that former extent has been cleared for farming, so the stand preserved in the park is a fragment of a much-reduced community.

Upland hardwood forest, the second most extensive community at about 20.2 hectares (49.8 acres), forms a closed canopy of mixed deciduous and evergreen hardwoods on moist soils in fire-sheltered settings; typical trees include southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora), pignut hickory (Carya glabra), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), live oak, laurel oak (Q. hemisphaerica), and American beech (Fagus grandifolia). Live oak and southern magnolia lead the canopy at the park, but years of earlier management for northern bobwhite thinned it, leaving the stand grassier and at an earlier successional stage than it would otherwise occupy.

The remaining three communities at the park occupy the southern edge of the property, within management zone LE-E: bottomland forest (6.54 hectares (16.16 acres)), basin swamp (2.89 hectares (7.14 acres)) with swamp tupelo (Nyssa biflora) and bald cypress (Taxodium distichum), and three small depression marshes (1.26 hectares (3.11 acres) combined). With the two upland communities, these account for essentially all of the park's 76.2 hectares (188.2 acres).

Fauna

The park lies within the Florida Wildlife Corridor, the nearly 18-million-acre statewide network of connected conservation lands and working landscapes established under the Florida Wildlife Corridor Act of 2021. The corridor is intended to keep such lands linked so that animals can move between them to find mates, food, and shelter, sustaining genetic diversity in populations that would otherwise be isolated.

Across the uplands, in management zones LE-A through LE-D, elevations and soils are suitable for the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus), which the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) lists as a State-designated Threatened species. Only a few disused burrows have been recorded, in the northern parts of zones LE-C and LE-D, and no occupied burrows are currently known within the park; routine prescribed burning is expected to improve conditions for the species.

The depression marshes and swamps host a range of wetland wildlife. Frogs recorded there include the cricket frog, southern leopard frog, bronze frog, and spring peeper, while mosquitofish (Gambusia spp.) occupy the standing water and a patch of open water in the blackgum swamp is fringed with Virginia chain fern (Woodwardia virginica). Because Lake Miccosukee lies just to the north, the wetlands also draw wading birds: the little blue heron (Egretta caerulea), likewise State-designated Threatened, appears periodically, along with the great egret, wood duck, and pileated woodpecker. Additionally, mammals reported from the basin swamp and bottomland forest include the raccoon, Virginia opossum, and marsh rabbit.

Recreational activities

Mound 1 viewing platform

The mound is preserved within a large natural area, and the park offers visitors activities such as birding, hiking, picnicking, and wildlife viewing. To limit erosion and damage, an elevated viewing platform was built to provide a view of Mound 1, and visitors are no longer permitted to walk on the mound itself.

The park's interpretive pavilion.

An interpretive pavilion presents the history of the site, and additional signs are placed along the paved walking path. Its exhibit includes interpretive panels, a tactile replica of Mound 1, and audio narration.

Visitor information

The park is open daily from 8:00 a.m. to sunset, and admission is $3 per vehicle, collected through an honor box. The pavilion and the Mound 1 viewing platform are wheelchair-accessible.

See also

• List of Florida state parks
• List of burial mounds in the United States

Sources

• Boyd, Mark F. (1939). "Spanish Mission Sites in Florida". Florida Historical Quarterly. 17 (4): 255–280.
• Evans, Bob (June 12, 1931). "Jefferson Lays Claim to Indian Mound Believed to be the Largest in Florida". The Daily Democrat. Tallahassee.
• Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Recreation and Parks (January 2019). Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park Approved Unit Management Plan (PDF) (Report). State of Florida. Retrieved July 26, 2026.
• Florida Department of Environmental Protection (2022). Florida Wildlife Corridor (PDF) (Report). State of Florida. Retrieved July 20, 2026.
• "Letchworth Mounds". Florida Department of State, Division of Historical Resources. Retrieved July 17, 2026.
• Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (June 2026). Florida's Endangered and Threatened Species (PDF) (Report). Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Retrieved July 17, 2026.
• Florida Natural Areas Inventory (2010). Guide to the Natural Communities of Florida: 2010 Edition (Report). Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Natural Areas Inventory. Retrieved July 17, 2026.
• Florida Natural Areas Inventory. "Florida Wildlife Corridor Map". Florida Natural Areas Inventory. Retrieved July 20, 2026.
• Florida State Parks. "Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park". Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved July 20, 2026.
• Florida State Parks. "Native American Ceremonial Mound". Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved July 19, 2026.
• Florida State Parks. "Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park" (PDF) (Brochure). Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved July 20, 2026.
• Menz, Martin (2022). "Domestic Architecture at Letchworth (8JE337) and Other Woodland Period Ceremonial Centers in the Gulf Coastal Plain". American Antiquity. 87 (2): 389–405. doi:10.1017/aaq.2021.137.
• Milanich, Jerald T. (1994). Archaeology of Precolumbian Florida. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. ISBN 0-8130-1272-4.
• Milanich, Jerald T.; Cordell, Ann S.; Knight, Vernon J. Jr.; Kohler, Timothy A.; Sigler-Lavelle, Brenda J. (1984). McKeithen Weeden Island: The Culture of Northern Florida, A.D. 200–900. Orlando: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-495970-9.
• Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 11 (5): 1633–1644. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007.
• Pluckhahn, Thomas J.; Menz, Martin; West, Shaun E.; Wallis, Neill J. (2018). "A New History of Community Formation and Change at Kolomoki (9ER1)". American Antiquity. 83 (2): 320–344. doi:10.1017/aaq.2017.62.
• Tesar, Louis D.; Swann, Brenda N.; Miller, James J.; Damour-Horrell, Melanie; Lavender, Michael (2003). Results of the Letchworth Mounds (8JE337) Archaeological State Park Auger and Topographic Survey with Management Recommendations (Report). Tallahassee, Florida: Bureau of Archaeological Research, Division of Historical Resources. Florida Master Site File Survey #8826.
• Yon, J. William Jr. (1966). Geology of Jefferson County, Florida (Report). Geological Bulletin. Vol. 48. Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Geological Survey.

Further reading

• Baker, Henry A. (2003). Archaeological Testing at the Letchworth Mounds Site (8JE337) 1998 and 2001 (Report). Tallahassee: Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research.
• Menz, Martin; Wallis, Neill J.; Davenport, James A. (2025). "Investigating domestic economy and mobility at a Woodland period ceremonial center in Northwest Florida, USA, using Neutron Activation Analysis". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 65 105236. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105236.
• Newman, Christine (1997). Identification and Discussion of Artifacts From Letchworth Mounds (8JE337) (Report). Tallahassee: Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research.

External links

• Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park at Florida State Parks