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Knox College (Illinois)

Knox College
Former name
Knox Manual Labor College (1837–1857)
MottoLatin: Veritas
Motto in English
Truth
TypePrivate liberal arts college
EstablishedFebruary 15, 1837; 189 years ago (1837-02-15)
Endowment$176.6 million (2025)[1]
PresidentC. Andrew McGadney
Faculty99
Students1,108 (fall 2025)[2]
Location,
U.S.
Campus
  • 82 acres (33 ha)
  • Small city
Colors   Purple and gold
NicknamePrairie Fire
Sporting affiliations
NCAA Division III
Midwest Conference
MascotBlaze (mascot)
Websiteknox.edu
Map

Knox College is a private liberal arts college in Galesburg, Illinois, United States. It was founded in 1837 by anti-slavery advocates and has ties to the Underground Railroad movement.[3][4] With over 1,100 students enrolled representing 43 states and 56 countries, Knox College offers 99 majors and minors.[5] Knox College is a member of Colleges That Change Lives.[6]

History

[edit]
George Washington Gale (1789–1861), founding father of Knox College

Knox College was founded as Knox Manual Labor College by Presbyterians and Congregationalists from New York state organized by George Washington Gale, who previously had founded the Oneida Institute.[7] Gale in 1836 released a "Circular and Plan"[8] for the founding of a manual labor colleges which described a subscriber- and land purchase-based method of funding.[9] His plan resulted in the founding of at least one school when in 1837 subscribers settled in what became Galesburg and began to build the college.[7] The first president was Hiram Huntington Kellogg Sr., who went on a book-buying trip to England; the books he acquired form the Knox Manual Labor College Collection. Knox opened to students in 1843 and was one of the earliest colleges to admit Black people and women.[10] Like Gale, many of the founders of Knox College and residents of Galesburg were abolitionists and actively supported the Underground Railroad.[11]

Knox has been known by its present name since 1857.[12][13] The name came about as a compromise among its founders. Though founded by a colony of Presbyterians and Congregationalists, the county where the college stands was already named Knox County, after Henry Knox, the first United States Secretary of War. Arguments have also been made that the college was named for Calvinist leader John Knox. It is not certain for which Knox it was named (if not both). George Candee Gale, a great-great-grandson of two of the founders, explains that

Contrary to general belief, Knox was not named for either General Knox or the Scottish Presbyterian Knox, according to my father.... Some wanted the college named for one Knox, some for the other; so they compromised on KNOX. Certainly most of them were pious enough to want the churchman, and fighters enough to want the soldier as well.[14]

Jonathan Blanchard's presidency led the school out of debt, but ignited a controversy about whether the school was loyal to the Congregational church or the Presbyterians. Gale and Blanchard were forced out of the school as a result.[15]

In 1841, a female seminary was built. The building burned down in 1843 but the college continued to provide classes for women, first in co-ed preparatory classes, then, by 1850, in the Female Collegiate Department. In 1857, a new 5-story Female Seminary building was constructed which accommodated up to ninety women. In 1867, the Knox College president William Curtis assaulted the Principal of the Female Seminary, Ada Howard. Curtis resigned after students protested and conducted a sit-down strike. In 1872, women were awarded college degrees for the first time at the college. As more women began to attend, the building was expanded in 1885. The addition was named Whiting Hall in recognition of the Principal of the Female Seminary, M. H. Whiting. In 1891, the college became fully co-ed. In 1892, the building was expanded again and the entire building became Whiting Hall. It remained the sole women's dormitory until after World War II.[16]

History of Abolitionism

[edit]

Like Gale, many of the founders of Knox College and residents of Galesburg were abolitionists and actively supported the Underground Railroad.[11] Galesburg had several anti-slavery societies and was a stop on the Underground Railroad.[17] Knox was officially recognized by the National Park Service as a member of the Underground Railroad Network to Freedom Program in 2006.[18]

The Lincoln-Douglas Debates

[edit]

Knox was the site of the fifth debate between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. The Old Main building is the only extant site of the debates[19]. Two years after the debates, during his presidential campaign, Lincoln was awarded Knox College's first honorary doctorate, a Doctor of Laws degree announced at the commencement exercises of July 5, 1860.[20]

Lincoln Studies Center

[edit]

Rodney Davis and Douglas L. Wilson established the Lincoln Studies Center in 1998. The center deals with issues relating to Lincoln's life and legacy. In August 2009, the National Endowment for the Humanities "We the People" initiative awarded Knox $850,000, "a grant that will provide the base of a permanent endowment for the Center."[21]

Academics

[edit]
Old Main, the oldest building on the campus of Knox College

Knox offers over 42 majors and 51 minors programs, concluding in Bachelors of Arts or Bachelors of Science degrees.[22] It employs a non-traditional 3–3 academic calendar rather than a semester-based approach.[23] In each of the three 10-week terms, students take three courses. Faculty members teach two courses each term, giving them more time for one-on-one mentoring.[24] All courses of study at Knox contain common elements, including an educational plan that students design.[25] Students also participate in Immersive Terms, where students work on one subject in-depth.[26]

In 2007 the Peace Corps launched a program at Knox, establishing the Peace Corps Preparatory Program, the first of its kind in the country;[27] Knox has several cooperative programs with other universities, including engineering and preprofessional paths like law and medicine.[6]

Immersion Experiences

[edit]

Knox curriculum includes Immersion Experiences[28], where students spend an entire term on one discipline.[29]

Knox is the only undergraduate program in the country to offer Repertory Theatre Immersive Term, or Rep Term, the repertory theatre experience where students learn how to start and manage a theatre company.[30]

Knox is known for its Green Oaks term, an interdisciplinary program at the 700-acre (2.8 km2; 1.1 sq mi) Green Oaks Biological Field Station.[31] The Green Field Station began in 1955 under the guidance of zoologists Paul Shepard and George Ward.[32]

Other immersive terms include clinical psychology, open studio (art), StartUp (business)[33], Japan term, Summer Scholars, and short-term experiences from one to three weeks. Short-term experiences include the Chicago Term, where students spend a three-week internship in Chicago.[34]

The three most popular majors at Knox, based on 2024 graduates, were Business Administration and Management, Computer Science, and Creative Writing.[35]

Admission

[edit]

As of Fall 2024, Knox College has an acceptance rate of 71%, with half of applicants admitted with SAT scores between 1180 and 1440, or an ACT score between 21 and 32.[36] Graduation rate was 67%.[37]

As of 2023, 52% of first-year students received financial aid.[35] Knox offers a $2,000 "Power of Experience Grant" to every senior.[38][39] Knox also offers 100% tuition-free aid to qualifying Illinois residents through its Prairie Promise program.[40]

Student body

[edit]

1,136 students were enrolled at Knox in September 2024.[35] 52% of U.S. students are of color and 27% are international students.[37] The gender distribution is about equal, with 50.3% being male and 49.7% female.[35]

Student life

[edit]

Traditions

[edit]

Pumphandle is an annual tradition dating back to 1885 during which new members of the community are welcomed to Knox.[41] On the afternoon before the start of the academic year, all members of the Knox community gather on the south lawn outside Old Main. The president of the college "leads the welcoming line, shaking each person's hand in turn. Everyone shakes the hands of those who have gone before, and the line grows, snaking around the campus."[42]

Flunk Day is an annual spring carnival.[43] Classes are canceled for the day as the student body turns its attention to a joke issue of the student newspaper, live music, inflatable bounce rooms, petting zoos, a mud pit, a paint fight, and a seniors vs faculty softball game. The date of Flunk Day changes every year and is a secret until the entire student body is awakened at around 5am on the day.[42]

Bronze Turkey Game is a yearly football game between rivalries Knox College and Monmouth College, held around Thanksgiving. It began in the 1880's.[44]

International Fair, also called I-Fair, is held annually on campus, with a different theme each year incorporating various cultures and international traditions.[45]

Clubs and Organizations

[edit]

Knox has over 80 student organizations.[46] It is also home to nine Greek-letter organizations.

Student media

[edit]
  • The Knox Student — a weekly student newspaper[47]
  • Catch — a literary magazine and oldest continuously published literary journal in the country[48]
  • The Common Room — online journal of literary criticism[49]
  • Quiver — a literary magazine of genre fiction[50]
  • X Journal— a visual arts journal[51]

Knox's radio station is WVKC, and was established in 1957.[52] It is on the fourth floor of George Davis Hall, a former science building that now houses the social science and language departments. Its frequency in Galesburg is 90.7.

Knox also runs Caxton Club, a student-run literary organization named after the first English printer, William Caxton. It brings brings published writers to campus for readings and special events.[53]

Awards & Recognitions

[edit]

The Knox Student has won numerous awards as one of the best college newspapers in the state of the Illinois, including numerous first-place category awards and general excellence awards from the Illinois College Press Association.[54]

Catch earned third place from the Association of Writers and Writing Programs (AWP) for its Spring 2025 edition, as well as other recognitions from the Associated Collegiate Press and Coordinating Council of Literary Magazines.

WVKC radio was featured on the Princeton Review "Best College Radio Stations" list several years.[55][56]

Athletics

[edit]
Knox athletics logo

The Knox College mascot is a fox named Blaze and was introduced in 2016. Knox's nickname for its athletics teams was renamed Prairie Fire in 1993 due to sensitivity about its previous nickname, the Old Siwash. The word Siwash is a corruption of the French term "sauvage." This was a derogatory term used by European traders to refer to indigenous people.[57]

A Knox baseball player at bat in a 1908 game versus DePaul University

The term Old Siwash was popularized by George Helgesen Fitch[58] (Knox Class of 1897) in his Saturday Evening Post articles and a book At Good Old Siwash. The term was widely used to denote small midwestern liberal arts colleges because of the popularity of Fitch's writings.[59]

The Prairie Fire refers to the annual spring burning of the prairie lands at Green Oaks. First conducted in the 1950s by Knox professor Paul Shepard, the burn protects prairie grasses from intrusions of woodland scrub and competition with other species.[60]

Knox is a member of the Midwest Conference of the NCAA at the Division III level. The school offers 21 men's and women's varsity sports, as well as 11 club sports, including water polo, fencing, and ultimate frisbee.

The Bronze Turkey trophy, awarded annually to the victor of their rivalry game with Monmouth College, was created in 1928 and is the brainchild of Knox football alumnus Bill Collins.[61] ESPN named the Bronze Turkey the fifth "most bizarre college football rivalry trophy".[62] Monmouth has dominated the rivalry in recent years, with Knox last winning the game in 1998.

Campus

[edit]
Seymour Library

Knox College has 45 academic and residential buildings on its 82-acre (330,000 m2) campus.[63] It has electron microscopes, a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer, a 17-inch (0.43 m) Corrected Dall-Kirkham reflector telescope manufactured by Planewave Instruments, and a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectrometer. There is also a complete skeleton of a 55-foot-long Fin whale[64] on display in the atrium of the Science-Mathematics building.

The state-of-the-art Knox College Whitcomb Art Center[65] opened in 2017.

Students have access to the Inter University Consortium for Political & Social Research, the Strong Collection of 18th- and 19th-century maps and photographs, the Hughes Collection of manuscripts and first editions from Hemingway and his "Lost Generation" contemporaries, and a 700-acre (2.8 km2) natural prairie reserve, the Green Oaks Field Station.[66]

The centerpiece of campus is Old Main, "the oldest building on its campus, and the best preserved site of one of the 1858 senatorial debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas", a National Historic Landmark and part of the National Register of Historic Places.

Built in 1928, the Seymour Library was ranked third "Best Library" in the nation by the Princeton Review in 2001. Inside its leaded glass windows and oak-paneled reading rooms, the library houses 350,000 books and more than 14,000 periodicals.[63] Its special collections include the Finley Collection of Midwest History, the Strong Collection of 18th- and 19th-century maps and photographs, the Hughes Collection of manuscripts and first editions of Faulkner, Hemingway and his "Lost Generation" contemporaries, and an original Diderot Encyclopédie.[67]

In 2002, a major curriculum revision called "Renewed Knox" was launched. With this revision came the creation of six new academic centers: The Center for Research and Advanced Studies, The Center for Global Studies, The Center for Career and Pre-Professional Development, The Center for Community Service, The Center for Teaching and Learning, and The Center for Intercultural Life.[68]

Students established the Knox College Community Garden in 2007 as an independent study project.[69] It continues to be tended by student volunteers, and produces a variety of annual and perennial vegetables and flowers.[70]

U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard

[edit]

According to the U.S. Department of Education, 21% of students who started college at Knox College later transferred to another school.[71] This compares to the national average of over 30% of students transferring colleges.[72] 17% of the entering class did not return after their first year.[71] This compares to a national average of 30% of college students who do not return after their first year.[73] African Americans make up 13.4% of the U.S. population in general, about 8% of surrounding area,[74] and they are 6% of the Knox College student body.[71] Knox College graduates typically earn between $18,300 and $33,100, less than the average starting salary paid to college graduates, about $50,000,[75] although there is great variation in both of these figures based on chosen majors and career paths. Knox alumni go into fields ranging from literature to neurosurgery.[76] Furthermore, published earning data is skewed by the fact that a significant number of Knox students do not seek full time employment immediately after graduating from Knox, instead going on to pursue graduate degree programs, including PhDs, medical school, and law school,[77] during which time work is delayed or only part time.

Notable people

[edit]

Alumni

[edit]

Arts and entertainment

[edit]

Government and military

[edit]

Journalists and activists

[edit]

Business leaders and innovators

[edit]

Sports

[edit]

Other alumni

[edit]

Notable faculty

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Institutional Research FAQ - Data Resources - Knox College".
  2. ↑ "Institutional Research FAQ - Data Resources - Knox College".
  3. ↑ "Underground Railroad Freedom Station - Knox & Galesburg History - Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 18 May 2025.
  4. ↑ "Exploring the role Galesburg played in the abolitionist movement and Underground Railroad". wqad.com. 7 February 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2025.
  5. ↑ "Fast Facts - About Knox - Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 18 May 2025.
  6. 1 2 "Knox College – Colleges That Change Lives". Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  7. 1 2 Forssberg, Grant. "The Origins of Knox College". Knox College. Archived from the original on July 13, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
  8. ↑ "Knox College Circular & Plan | Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  9. ↑ Gale, George Washington (1836). "Circular and Plan". Knox College. Archived from the original on December 15, 2014.
  10. ↑ Tikkanen, Amy. "Knox College". Britannica. Archived from the original on September 8, 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
  11. 1 2 "Underground Railroad Freedom Station - Galesburg Colony at Knox College". Knox College. Archived from the original on June 1, 2010. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
  12. ↑ "Knox College History - College Archives - Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  13. ↑ Chas. C. Chapman & Co. (1878). History of Knox County, Illinois. Blakely, Brown & Marsh. p. 554.
  14. ↑ Calkins, Earnest Elmo. (1937) They Broke the Prairie, University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-06094-6
  15. ↑ "Fifty Years a College: Knox College About to Celebrate Its Semi-Centennial". Chicago Inter Ocean. June 4, 1887. p. 4. Retrieved August 11, 2014 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  16. ↑ H. M. Muelder, "Whiting Hall, Formerly the Female Seminary of Knox College," History by H. M. Muelder Folder, Whiting Hall box, Special Collections and Archives, Henry M. Seymour Library, Knox College, Galesburg
  17. ↑ "The Oneida Institute and The Galesburg Underground Railroad". Before Knox. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  18. ↑ "GALESBURG, IL | Mythic Mississippi Project - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign". Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  19. ↑ "Old Main, Knox College (5th Debate)". American Battlefield Trust. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  20. ↑ Muelder, Hermann R. (1959) Fighters for Freedom, Columbia University Press. ISBN 1-58152-409-9
  21. ↑ "Institutional Self-Study". Galesburg, Illinois: Knox College. Retrieved 2010-11-27.[permanent dead link]
  22. ↑ "Majors & Minors | Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  23. ↑ "5 Colleges with Non-Traditional Schedules - College Raptor". College Raptor. Archived from the original on 2025-03-19. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  24. ↑ "3-3 Academic Calendar - Knox College". Archived from the original on 2009-02-17. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
  25. ↑ "Curriculum - Knox College". Archived from the original on 2009-03-03. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
  26. ↑ "Knox: A College That Changes Lives | Galin Education". www.galined.com. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  27. ↑ "Peace Corps Preparatory Program". Archived from the original on 2009-01-13. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
  28. ↑ "Immersion Experiences | Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  29. ↑ Cassidy, Parker (2025-07-07). "Six Things Knox College Students and Faculty are Doing this Summer". Prairie Communications, LLC. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  30. ↑ "Behind the curtain: Exploring Knox College's Rep Term | WGIL 93.7 FM - 1400 AM". www.wgil.com. 2025-03-03. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  31. ↑ "Green Oaks Term at Knox College". Archived from the original on 2008-12-08. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
  32. ↑ Allison, Stuart K (26 July 2012). Ecological Restoration and Environmental Change: Renewing Damaged Ecosystems. Routledge. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-136-46636-6.
  33. ↑ "StartUp Term | Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  34. ↑ Blose, Abreanna. "Knox College's Chicago Term blends work, culture and independence". Galesburg Register Mail. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  35. 1 2 3 4 "Knox College - Profile, Rankings and Data". US News & World Report. September 11, 2026. Retrieved September 11, 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  36. ↑ "Knox College Admissions - BigFuture College Search". bigfuture.collegeboard.org. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  37. 1 2 "Knox College | Data USA". datausa.io. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  38. ↑ "6 reasons every international student should choose Knox College". studyinternational.com. 2024-05-28. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  39. ↑ "The Power of Experience Grant | Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  40. ↑ Weckerly, Brian (September 11, 2026). "Knox College to offer free tuition to qualifying Illinois students". WANE15. Retrieved September 11, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  41. ↑ REES, LAUREN. "Snaking and shaking at Knox: It's Pumphandle!". Galesburg Register Mail. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  42. 1 2 "Our Traditions". Galesburg, Illinois: Knox College. Archived from the original on 2011-01-03. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
  43. ↑ Writer, Staff. "It's Flunk Day at Knox College". Galesburg Register Mail. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  44. ↑ Crain, Kelsey (2023-11-10). "Knox-Monmouth Bronze Turkey Bowl Game: A Long-Standing Tradition". Prairie Communications, LLC. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  45. ↑ "Knox College to host 45th annual International Fair". Galesburg Community News. 2026-01-26. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  46. ↑ "List of Groups". knox.campusgroups.com. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  47. ↑ "The Knox Student". Carli Digital Collections. Retrieved 2025-04-06.
  48. ↑ "Catch Magazine". Catch. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  49. ↑ Çetiner-Öktem, Züleyha (2016-04-26). Mythmaking across Boundaries. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 348. ISBN 978-1-4438-9246-9.
  50. ↑ "Quiver - About". QUIVER. September 11, 2026. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  51. ↑ "x journal - about". xjournal.work. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  52. ↑ "WVKC". collections.carli.illinois.edu. 2015-08-10. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  53. ↑ "The Knox English Department - FAQs". Knox College English. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  54. ↑ "Awards and Honors". The Knox Student. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  55. ↑ "Spinning Indie: Princeton Review's 2011 List of "Most Popular" College Radio Stations". Spinningindie.blogspot.com. 2010-08-05. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  56. ↑ Waits, Jennifer (2012-08-22). "2013 Princeton Review's Best College Radio Stations List". Radio Survivor. Retrieved 2026-09-11.
  57. ↑ Casselman, Bill (2010-06-03). "Siwash — Racist Insult Still Proudly Displayed in Vancouver's Stanley Park". Bill Casselman's Canadian Word of the Day. Bill Casselman. Archived from the original on 2010-11-20. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
  58. ↑ "Siwash | Definition of Siwash by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  59. ↑ Stangl, Jane M (2001). "Good Old Siwash: A Century of (Mis)appropriation" (PDF). Proceedings & Newsletter - North American Society for Sport History: 52–53. ISSN 0093-6235. OCLC 301565562. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-02.
  60. ↑ "Knox College Prairie Burn". Archived from the original on 2008-05-05. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
  61. ↑ "Monmouth College". Monm.edu. 2017-03-21. Archived from the original on 2010-06-11. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  62. ↑ "Theatre: At Night's End - Knox College". Knox.edu. 2012-10-30. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  63. 1 2 "Fast Facts". Galesburg, Illinois: Knox College. Retrieved 2012-01-20.
  64. ↑ "55-foot fin whale comes to Knox".
  65. ↑ "Knox College Whitcomb Art Center".
  66. ↑ "Green Oaks Biological Field Station". The Wiki Fire. 2012-04-22. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  67. ↑ "Diderot Encyclopédie". The Wiki Fire. 2007-05-17. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  68. ↑ "Six Centers of Learning". Archived from the original on 2010-03-30. Retrieved 2010-07-17.
  69. ↑ Arft, Sadie (2008-04-08). "Independent study goes organic". The Knox Student. Galesburg, Illinois: Knox College. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
  70. ↑ "Knox Community Garden". Galesburg, Illinois: Knox College. Archived from the original on 2011-02-17. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
  71. 1 2 3 "College Scorecard". collegescorecard.ed.gov. Retrieved 2024-07-18.
  72. ↑ "More Than a Third of College Students Transfer | Inside Higher Ed". www.insidehighered.com. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
  73. ↑ Vuleta, Branka (2020-10-10). "27 Fascinating Facts About the US College Dropout Rate". WhatToBecome. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
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  75. ↑ "School | College Scorecard". collegescorecard.ed.gov. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  76. ↑ "Medicine - Majors & Minors - Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
  77. ↑ "Graduate & Professional School - Outcomes - Knox College". www.knox.edu. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
  78. ↑ "Actress Amy Carlson". Knox College. Archived from the original on September 26, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2016.
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  113. ↑ "Ellen Browning Scripps". Scripps College. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
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  119. ↑ "Bill Essick". BaseballReference.com. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
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  121. ↑ "Obituary of Dr. John S. Grogan". tahughesnc.blog. Retrieved December 6, 2018.
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  128. ↑ "Barnabas Root". Knox College. Archived from the original on 2016-01-25. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
  129. ↑ Simpson, Chad (June 15, 2006). "Miracle". Smoke Long Quarterly. Archived from the original on 28 June 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
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40°56′35″N 90°22′16″W / 40.942953°N 90.370982°W / 40.942953; -90.370982