WS-23

WS-23
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N,2,3-trimethyl-2-propan-2-ylbutanamide;
CAS Number	51115-67-4;
PubChem CID	65300;
IUPHAR/BPS	2474;
ChemSpider	58789;
UNII	6QOP5A9489;
ChEBI	CHEBI:169004;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID40199124 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.051.778
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C10H21NO
Molar mass	171.284 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES CC(C)C(C)(C(C)C)C(=O)NC;
	InChI InChI=1S/C10H21NO/c1-7(2)10(5,8(3)4)9(12)11-6/h7-8H,1-6H3,(H,11,12); Key:RWAXQWRDVUOOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

WS-23 (methyl diisopropyl propionamide, 2-isopropyl-N,2,3-trimethylbutanamide) is a chemical compound which acts as an activator (opener) of the so-called "menthol receptor", the TRPM8 calcium channel, though with relatively low affinity and it may also act at other targets.^[1]^[2] It produces a similar cooling effect to menthol, and is commonly used as an ingredient of vape liquid for e-cigarettes^[3].^[4]^[5]

References

↑ Behrendt HJ, Germann T, Gillen C, Hatt H, Jostock R (February 2004). "Characterization of the mouse cold-menthol receptor TRPM8 and vanilloid receptor type-1 VR1 using a fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) assay". British Journal of Pharmacology. 141 (4): 737–745. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705652. PMC 1574235. PMID 14757700.
↑ Sherkheli MA, Vogt-Eisele AK, Bura D, Beltrán Márques LR, Gisselmann G, Hatt H (2010). "Characterization of selective TRPM8 ligands and their structure activity response (S.A.R) relationship". Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences. 13 (2): 242–253. doi:10.18433/j3n88n. PMID 20816009.
↑ "Buy Bulk – Cooling Agent WS-23 | Manufacturer-Supplier". sinofoodsupply.com. 2025-05-03. Retrieved 2026-06-28.
↑ Leventhal AM, Tackett AP, Whitted L, Jordt SE, Jabba SV (November 2023). "Ice flavours and non-menthol synthetic cooling agents in e-cigarette products: a review". Tobacco Control. 32 (6): 769–777. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-057073. PMC 9613790. PMID 35483721.
↑ Tackett AP, Han DH, Peraza N, Whaley RC, Mason T, Cahn R, et al. (April 2025). "Effects of 'Ice' flavoured e-cigarettes with synthetic cooling agent WS-23 or menthol on user-reported appeal and sensory attributes". Tobacco Control. 34 (2): 175–182. doi:10.1136/tc-2023-058125. PMC 11076411. PMID 37940405.

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[1] Behrendt HJ, Germann T, Gillen C, Hatt H, Jostock R (February 2004). "Characterization of the mouse cold-menthol receptor TRPM8 and vanilloid receptor type-1 VR1 using a fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) assay". British Journal of Pharmacology. 141 (4): 737–745. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705652. PMC 1574235. PMID 14757700.

[2] Sherkheli MA, Vogt-Eisele AK, Bura D, Beltrán Márques LR, Gisselmann G, Hatt H (2010). "Characterization of selective TRPM8 ligands and their structure activity response (S.A.R) relationship". Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences. 13 (2): 242–253. doi:10.18433/j3n88n. PMID 20816009.

[3] "Buy Bulk – Cooling Agent WS-23 | Manufacturer-Supplier". sinofoodsupply.com. 2025-05-03. Retrieved 2026-06-28.

[4] Leventhal AM, Tackett AP, Whitted L, Jordt SE, Jabba SV (November 2023). "Ice flavours and non-menthol synthetic cooling agents in e-cigarette products: a review". Tobacco Control. 32 (6): 769–777. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-057073. PMC 9613790. PMID 35483721.

[5] Tackett AP, Han DH, Peraza N, Whaley RC, Mason T, Cahn R, et al. (April 2025). "Effects of 'Ice' flavoured e-cigarettes with synthetic cooling agent WS-23 or menthol on user-reported appeal and sensory attributes". Tobacco Control. 34 (2): 175–182. doi:10.1136/tc-2023-058125. PMC 11076411. PMID 37940405.

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References