Calcitonin gene-related peptide 1

Not to be confused with Calcitonin, a different hormone encoded by CALCA. "CGRP1" redirects here. For discussion of the CGRP1 receptor (now "CGRP receptor"), see CALCRL.

CALCA
Identifiers
Aliases	CALCA, CT, CGRP-I, CGRP-alpha, KC, PCT, calcitonin related polypeptide alpha, CGRP, CGRP1, CALC1
External IDs	OMIM: 114130; MGI: 2151253; GeneCards: CALCA
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2JXZ,%%s1LS7
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human) Band 11p15.2 Start 14,966,668 bp End 14,972,351 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse) Band 7 F1|7 59.99 cM Start 114,230,713 bp End 114,235,592 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in spinal ganglia trigeminal ganglion quadriceps femoris muscle vastus lateralis muscle cerebellar vermis islet of Langerhans human kidney Epithelium of choroid plexus tibialis anterior muscle right lobe of liver Top expressed in facial motor nucleus motor neuron lumbar spinal ganglion anterior horn of spinal cord lactiferous gland trachea trigeminal ganglion embryo embryo vestibular membrane of cochlear duct More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function hormone activity calcitonin receptor binding protein binding identical protein binding signaling receptor binding protein-containing complex binding Cellular component cytoplasm intracellular anatomical structure extracellular region axon terminal bouton soma neuron projection nucleus extracellular space Biological process cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled signaling pathway negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction regulation of heart contraction monocyte chemotaxis negative regulation of blood pressure positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration cellular response to tumor necrosis factor ageing vasodilation cellular calcium ion homeostasis response to heat negative regulation of nervous system process positive regulation of ossification activation of adenylate cyclase activity regulation of heart rate detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain negative regulation of ossification response to pain artery vasodilation involved in baroreceptor response to increased systemic arterial blood pressure feeding behavior inflammatory response neuropeptide signaling pathway negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated activation of protein kinase activity embryo implantation negative regulation of bone resorption regulation of signaling receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration leukocyte cell-cell adhesion G protein-coupled receptor internalization positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production response to yeast negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation cell-cell signaling antibacterial humoral response positive regulation of macrophage differentiation receptor internalization regulation of blood pressure protein phosphorylation vasculature development defense response to Gram-negative bacterium endothelial cell proliferation positive regulation of interleukin-8 production nervous system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure negative regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol innate immune response endothelial cell migration antifungal humoral response defense response to Gram-positive bacterium antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide amylin receptor signaling pathway calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Databases NCBI: entry; OMA: entry Species Human Mouse Entrez 796 12310 Ensembl ENSG00000110680 ENSMUSG00000030669 UniProt P01258 P06881 P70160 Q99JA0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001033952 NM_001033953 NM_001741 NM_001378949 NM_001378950 NM_001033954 NM_007587 NM_001289444 NM_001305616 RefSeq (protein) NP_001029125.1 NP_001029126 NP_001276373 NP_001292545 NP_031613 NP_001029126.1 NP_001276373.1 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 14.97 – 14.97 Mb Chr 7: 114.23 – 114.24 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Calcitonin gene-related peptide 1 (CGRP1), also called calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha, is a hormone that in humans is encoded by the CALCA gene. This calcitonin gene-related peptide triggers vasodilation (relaxation/widening of blood vessels), and also signals to platelets.

Receptors

See also: Calcitonin gene-related peptide § Receptors

CGRP1's vasodilation effects occur through activation of the CGRP receptor, which is a heterodimer composed of CALCRL bound to RAMP1. It can also activate the amylin receptor 1, a receptor composed of a CALCR subunit bound to RAMP1.

Related hormones

Further information: Calcitonin gene-related peptide

The gene CALCA is notable for producing three distinct hormones with different effects. In addition to CGRP1, an alternative splicing encodes a precursor protein that is cleaved into calcitonin and katacalcin, which both function to reduce blood calcium levels.

In addition to CGRP1, there is a second calcitonin gene-related peptide called CGRP2. This peptide is encoded by a separate gene, CALCB, but shares 90%+ homology (differing by 3 amino acids in humans). CGRP1 is traditionally considered the primary CGRP in the central and peripheral nervous system, while CGRP2 is mainly in the enteric nervous system.