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Ram Daryani
Daryani in 1941
Born
Ramchand Shamdas Daryani

(1915-11-15)15 November 1915
Hyderabad, Sindh, British India
Died1993(1993-00-00) (aged 77–78)
Bombay, Maharashtra, India
Occupations
  • Director
  • film producer
Years active1933–1960
Organizations
  • Daryani Films (1936–1938)
  • Krishin Movietone (1938–)
RelativesK. S. Daryani (brother)

Ramchand Shamdas Daryani (born 15 November 1915 – 1993)[a] was an Indian film director and producer. According to The Asian Film Directory and Who's Who, Daryani's "outstanding" films included Zamana (1938), Pyaas (1941), Doosri Shaadi (1947), and Tarana (1951).[3] In a retrospective review of Tarana, Radio Times' Guide to Films notes that Daryani as a director was "renowned for the intelligence with which he tackled controversial issues" in his films.[4]

Early life

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According to film historian Sanjit Narwekar, Daryani was born on 15 November 1915 in Hyderabad, Sindh (now in Pakistan). He was educated in Sindh and later in Karachi.[1]

Career

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After completing his studies in 1933, Daryani joined Eastern Arts as an assistant director.[1] His first film as a director was Khun-e-Nahaq (1935).[2] He founded Daryani Films in 1936 and directed films including Prem Murti / Pratima (1936), Sangdil Samaj (1937), and Gentleman Daku (1938).[2] Many of these were based on stories written by his brother, K. S. Daryani.[1] In 1938, the Daryani brothers set up Krishin Movietone,[1] under which Ram directed Zamana (1938), which was a commercial success.[5] The Times of India commented that his "excellent direction" turned it into a "thought provoking film".[6]

Daryani next directed Hindustan Hamara (1940), which was a socialist drama based on the exploitation of farmers in rural India. The Indian Express called it an "excellent propaganda for the kisan movement",[7] but critic Baburao Patel was mixed in his review, writing that Daryani's direction was "weak" and lacked the efforts he put in earlier work.[8] Patel however praised Daryani's work in Pyaas (1941), hailing it as the director's "best effort" so far which "manages to capture a wonderful harmony of all dramatic elements".[9] Pyaas was a critical and commercial success.[2][10] Later in the 1940s, Daryani directed the dramas Doosri Shaadi (1947) and Ghar Ki Izzat (1948);[11] the latter received negative reviews from critics, with The Times of India calling it a "colourless" remake of Zamana.[12][13]

Daryani produced and directed Bhai Bahen (1950), which was reported by The Bombay Chronicle to be doing "brisk business" at the box office. Daryani said that the film, centered on the social issue of dowry, was made with the purpose of both entertainment as well as social education.[14] Daryani later directed the village romance Tarana (1951), starring Madhubala in the titular role. It was positively received: The Hindustan Times stated that the film was drawing "packed houses" in theatres,[15] while Patel exclaimed, "After a long time, director Ram Daryani has given us an excellent entertainer. [He] has directed the picture very well and shows plenty of imagination in the love sequences."[16]

In 1957, Daryani directed the historical film Mumtaz Mahal. Critic Ziya Us Salam retrospectively noted it as one of the cinematic adaptations of the romance between Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal, but argued that the film's popularity has been eclipsed by Taj Mahal (1963), another film on the same subject.[17] Daryani's final directorial venture was the melodrama Chand Mere Aaja, released in 1960.[18]

Death

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Daryani died in 1993.[19]

Filmography

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Year Title Notes Ref.
1933 Insan Ya Shaitan As an assistant director [2]
1934–1935 Prem Praksha
Yasmin
Bharat-Ki-Beti
1935 Khun-e-Nahaq Directorial debut; also known as Bal Hatya or Child Murder [1]
1936 Pratima Also known as Prem Murti [20]
Sangdil Samaj [21]
1937 Gentleman Daku [22]
1938 Zamana [23]
1940 Hindustan Hamara [24]
1941 Pyaas [25]
1942 Dukh Sukh [26]
1943 Qurbani [25]
Chirag [27]
1945 Preet [20]
Pannadai [28]
1946 Shravan Kumar [29]
1947 Doosri Shadi [26]
1948 Ghar Ki Izzat [30]
1949 Maa Ka Pyar [31]
Bholi [32]
1950 Bhai Bahen [33]
1951 Tarana [34]
1953 Pehli Shaadi [35]
1954 Majboori Also known as Chhoti Bahen [36]
1957 Mumtaz Mahal [37]
1960 Chand Mere Aaja [38]

Notes

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  1. ↑ Date of birth attributed to film historian Sanjit Narwekar.[1] However, according to journalist R. A. Shaikh's 1946 book Filmdom, Daryani was born on 6 December 1915.[2]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Narwekar, Sanjit (1994). Directory of Indian Film-makers and Films. Flicks Books. p. 76. ISBN 978-0948911408.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Shaikh, R. A. (1946). Filmdom: The All-India Film Directory & Who's Who in the Indian Film Industry. p. 48.
  3. ↑ Doraiswamy, V. (3 May 1952). Asian Film Directory And Whos Who 1952. p. 364.
  4. ↑ Norman, Barry (2014). Guide to Films. Radio Times. Immediate Media Company. p. 1195. ISBN 978-0992936402.
  5. ↑ "Two Old Releases, "Divorce" And "Zamana," Still Very Popular". The Times of India. 20 January 1939. p. 14. ProQuest 250752829. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  6. ↑ "Excellent Direction Makes "Zamana" A Thought Provoking Film". The Times of India. 23 December 1938. p. 10. ProQuest 325446719. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  7. ↑ "Hindustan Hamara: Splendid Kisan Film". The Indian Express. 22 June 1941. p. 3. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  8. ↑ Patel, Baburao (December 1940). ""Hindusthan Hamara" Suffers In Exploitation". Filmindia: 45.
  9. ↑ Patel, Baburao (March 1942). ""Pyas" Delights The Thirsty Fans". Filmindia: 46.
  10. ↑ "Murli's "Pyas" Proves Very Popular At Imperial". The Times of India. 21 March 1942. p. 8. ProQuest 346408474. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  11. ↑ "Huge Crowds Welcome 'Doosri Shadi'". The Times of India. 28 December 1947. p. 5. ProQuest 346427419. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  12. ↑ "Old Wines In New Bottles!: DYNAMIC "ZAMANA" RETURNS AS COLOURLESS "GHAR KI IZZAT"". The Times of India. 5 February 1949. p. 10. ProQuest 516406172. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  13. ↑ Patel, Baburao (April 1949). ""Ghar Ki Izzat" Is Trash Supreme!". Filmindia: 53.
  14. ↑ "A Purposeful Social: 'Bhai Bahen' At Minerva". The Bombay Chronicle. 8 April 1950. p. 8. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  15. ↑ ""Tarana" Draws Packed Houses". The Hindustan Times. 7 October 1951. p. 7. ProQuest 2923757379. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  16. ↑ Akbar, Khatija (1997). Madhubala: Her Life, Her Films. UBS Publishers. p. 107. ISBN 978-8174761538.
  17. ↑ Salam, Ziya Us (2012). Houseful The Golden Years of Hindi Cinema. Om Books International. p. 93. ISBN 978-93-80070-25-4.
  18. ↑ ""Chand Mere Aja" Is Routine Melodrama". The Times of India. 21 August 1960. p. 3. ProQuest 614012375. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  19. ↑ "Film producer, Daryani, dead". The Times of India. 13 September 1993. p. 3. ProQuest 517624868. Retrieved 9 August 2026.
  20. 1 2 Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 632.
  21. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 640.
  22. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 597.
  23. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 658.
  24. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 285.
  25. 1 2 Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 634.
  26. 1 2 Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 593.
  27. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 588.
  28. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 628.
  29. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 645.
  30. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 310.
  31. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 613.
  32. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 584.
  33. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 583.
  34. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 649.
  35. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 630.
  36. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 615.
  37. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 621.
  38. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1999, p. 587.

Sources

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