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Buddhism
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Buddhists Glossary Index Outline
History Timeline The Buddha Pre-sectarian Buddhism Councils Silk Road transmission of Buddhism Decline in the Indian subcontinent Later Buddhists Buddhist modernism
Dharma Concepts Four Noble Truths Noble Eightfold Path Dharma wheel Five Aggregates Impermanence Suffering No-self Dependent Origination Middle Way Mettā Emptiness Morality Karma Rebirth Saṃsāra Cosmology
Buddhist texts Buddhavacana Early Texts Tripiṭaka Mahayana Sutras Pāli Canon Sanskrit literature Tibetan canon Chinese canon Post-canon
Practices Three Jewels Buddhist paths to liberation Five precepts Perfections Meditation Philosophical reasoning Devotional practices Merit making Recollections Mindfulness Wisdom Sublime abidings Aids to Enlightenment Monasticism Lay life Buddhist liturgy Buddhist chant Pilgrimage Vegetarianism
Nirvāṇa Awakening Four Stages Arhat Pratyekabuddhayāna Bodhisattva Buddha
Traditions Theravāda Pāli Mahāyāna Hinayana Chinese Vajrayāna Tibetan Navayana Newar
Buddhism by country Bhutan Brazil Cambodia China India Indonesia Japan Korea Laos Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar New Zealand Russia Singapore US Sri Lanka Taiwan Thailand Tibet Vietnam
Buddhism portal
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v t e Bodhisattvas
Major	Avalokiteśvara (Guanyin) Mañjuśrī Samantabhadra Kṣitigarbha Maitreya Mahāsthāmaprāpta Ākāśagarbha
Chinese	Skanda Sangharāma (Guān Yǔ)
Vajrayana	Padmasambhava Mandāravā Tārā Vajrapāṇi Vajrasattva Sitātapatrā Cundī
Other	Bhaiṣajyarāja Candraprabha Niō Supratiṣṭhitacāritra Supuṣpacandra Sūryaprabha Vasudhārā Viśiṣṭacāritra Viśuddhacāritra Vimalakirti

Literature

Pāli Tipiṭaka
- Quasi-canonical texts

Authoritative commentaries
Commentaries Sub-commentaries Sub-sub-commentaries
Treatises
Abhidhamma & meditation manuals: Visuddhimagga Abhidhammattha-saṅgaha Abhidhammāvatāra Dhammānudhammapaṭipatti Vimuttimagga Yogāvacara's manual Grammar manuals: Atthayoja
Protective texts
Common: Paritta Gāthā Paṭṭhāna Esoteric: Dhammakāyānussati-kathā
Historical literature
Mahavamsa Dipavamsa Culavamsa Rajavaliya Dāṭhavaṃsa Bodhivaṃsa Thūpavaṃsa Jinacarita Gandhavaṃsa Sasanavamsa

Orders (Nikāya or Gaṇa)

Thailand, Cambodia
Mahā Dhammayuttika
Myanmar
Sudhammā Rāmañña Zawti Shwegyin Rāmañña Mahādvāra Mūladvāra Veḷuvan Anaukchaung-dvāra Hngettwin Kudo Mahāyin Rāmañña
Sri Lanka
Amarapura–Rāmañña Amarapura Rāmañña Siam
Bangladesh
Saṅgharāja Mahāsthabir
Laos
Lao United Buddhists Association Mahā Dhammayuttika

Mahāyāna Buddhism
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Teachings Bodhisattva Buddhahood Bodhicitta Buddha-nature Skillful Means Transcendent Wisdom Transcendent Virtues Emptiness Two truths Consciousness-only Three bodies Three vehicles Non-abiding Nirvana One Vehicle Bodhisattva Precepts Bodhisattva vow Bodhisattva stages Pure Lands Luminous mind Dharani Three Turnings
Buddhas and Bodhisattvas Shakyamuni Amitabha Adi-Buddha Akshobhya Prajñāpāramitā Devī Bhaiṣajyaguru Mahāvairocana Mañjuśrī Avalokiteśvara Vajrapāṇi Vajrasattva Maitreya Kṣitigarbha Ākāśagarbha Samantabhadra Tara Wrathful deities
Mahayana sutras Prajñāpāramitā sūtras Lotus Sūtra Buddhāvataṃsaka Sūtra Mahāratnakūṭa Sūtra Mahāsaṃnipāta Sūtra Vimalakirtinirdeśa Pure Land Sutras Lalitavistara Sūtra Samādhirāja Sūtra Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra Tathāgatagarbha sūtras Śrīmālādevī Sūtra Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra Śūraṅgama Samādhi Sūtra Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra Ghanavyūha sūtra Golden Light Sutra Tathāgataguhyaka Sūtra Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra
Main traditions Mādhyamaka Sanlun Yogācāra Weishi Tiantai Tendai Huayan Chan Zen Seon Thiền Shingon Tangmi Pure Land Nichiren Trúc Lâm Vajrayāna Newar Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism Dzogchen Bon Shugendō Humanistic Buddhism Chengshi Niepan
Key figures Nāgārjuna Aśvaghoṣa Āryadeva Lokakṣema Kumārajīva Asanga Vasubandhu Sthiramati Buddhapālita Dignāga Bhāvaviveka Dharmakīrti Candrakīrti Sengzhao Jizang Zhiyi Shandao Bodhidharma Huineng Xuanzang Fazang Amoghavajra Zhanran Chengguan Zongmi Saichō Kūkai Shāntideva Shāntarakshita Wohnyo Mazu Daoyi Linji Siming Zhili Jinul Dahui Zonggao Hongzhi Zhengjue Hōnen Shinran Dōgen Nichiren Śaṅkaranandana Virūpa Ratnākaraśānti Abhayākaragupta Nāropā Atisha Sakya Pandita Dolpopa Rangjung Dorje Tsongkhapa Longchenpa Hakuin Hanshan Ouyi Zhuhong Taixu D. T. Suzuki Sheng-yen 14th Dalai Lama Thích Nhất Hạnh
Regional traditions China Han Chinese Taiwan Japan Korea North Korea South Korea Vietnam Tibet Nepal Newar Bhutan Mongolia Russia Buryatia Kalmykia Tuva Malaysia Indonesia West
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Vajrayana Buddhism
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Traditions Historical traditions: Ari-Acharya Burmese-Bengal † Yunnan Indonesian Esoteric Buddhism † Filipino Esoteric Buddhism † East Asian Chinese Japanese Nepalese Inner Asian Altaic (o, x, y) Bhutanese Eurasian (b, t, k) Tibetan New branches: Gateway of the Hidden Flower Shambhala Buddhism
History Tantrism Mahasiddha Sahaja
Pursuit Buddhahood Bodhisattva Kalachakra
Practices Generation stage Completion stage Phowa Tukdam Tantric techniques: Fourfold division: Kriyayoga Charyayoga Yogatantra Anuttarayogatantra Twofold division: Inner Tantras Outer Tantras Thought forms and visualisation: Mandala Mantra Mudra Thangka Yantra Yoga: Ngöndro Guru yoga Deity yoga Six yogas: Inner heat Luminosity yoga Dream yoga Death yoga Sex yoga
Festivals Ganachakra Ullambana Puja
Tantric texts Anuttarayoga Tantra Cakrasaṃvara Tantra Guhyagarbha Tantra Kulayarāja Tantra Mahāmāyā Tantra Mañjuśrī-mūla-kalpa Mañjuśrīnāmasamgīti Tattvasaṃgraha Tantra Vajrasekhara Sutra Yuthok Nyingthig
Symbols and tools Damaru Ghanta Melong Phurba Vajra Yab-Yum
Ordination and transmission Esoteric transmission Pointing-out instruction Samaya Vajracharya
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Tibetan Buddhism
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Dharmachakra
Schools Nyingma Bon Kadam Sakya Bodong Kagyu Jonang Gelug Rimé
Key personalities First dissemination Padmasambhāva Śāntarakṣita Kamalaśīla Songtsen Gampo Trisong Detsen Ralpacan Second dissemination Atiśa Talika Abhayakirti Niguma Sukhasiddhi Milarepa Nyingma Yeshe Tsogyal Longchenpa Jigme Lingpa Patrul Rinpoche Dudjom Lingpa Mipham Kagyu Marpa Rangjung Dorje Jonang Dolpopa Taranatha Sakya Sakya Pandita Gorampa Bodongpa Samding Dorje Phagmo Gelugpa Je Tsongkhapa 5th Dalai Lama 13th Dalai Lama 14th Dalai Lama 10th Panchen Lama
Teachings General Buddhist Three marks of existence Skandha Cosmology Saṃsāra Rebirth Bodhisattva Dharma Dependent origination Karma Tibetan Four Tenets system Five Pure Lights Rangtong-Shentong Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction Nyingma Dzogchen Pointing-out instruction
Practices and attainment Lamrim Pāramitās Bodhicitta Avalokiteśvara Meditation Laity Vajrayana Tantra techniques Deity yoga Guru yoga Dream yoga Thukdam Buddhahood
Major monasteries Tradruk Drepung Dzogchen Ganden Jokhang Kumbum Labrang Mindrolling Namgyal Narthang Nechung Pabonka Palcho Ralung Ramoche Rato Sakya Samye Sanga Sera Shalu Tashi Lhunpo Tsurphu Yerpa
Institutional roles Dalai Lama Panchen Lama Lama Karmapa Rinpoche Geshe Tertön Tulku Western tulku
Festivals Chotrul Duchen Dajyur Galdan Namchot Losar Dosmoche Monlam Sho Dun Losoong
Texts Kangyur Tengyur Tibetan Buddhist canon Mahayana sutras Nyingma Gyubum
Art Sand mandala Thangka Wall paintings Ashtamangala Tree of physiology Festival thangka Mani stone
History and overview History Timeline Outline Culture Index of articles
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Zen

Main articles

Doctrinal background

Influential Sutras

Teachings

Practice

Persons

Classical Chan	Bodhidharma Dazu Huike Jianzhi Sengcan Dayi Daoxin Hongren Nanyue Huairang Mazu Daoyi Baizhang Huaihai Huangbo Xiyun Linji Yixuan Dongshan Liangjie Huineng Baizhang Huaihai Nanyang Huizhong Dahui Zonggao Xuefeng Yicun Yunmen Wenyan Dongshan Shouchu Yuanwu Keqin Qingyuan Xingsi Shitou Xiqian Yaoshan Weiyan Yunyan Tansheng Yunju Daoying Tongan Daopi Tongan Guanzhi Liangshan Yuanguan Dayang Jingxuan Touzi Yiqing Furong Daokai Danxia Zichun Hongzhi Zhengjue Wansong Xingxiu Zhenxie Qingliao Tiantong Zongjue Xuedou Zhijian Tiantong Rujing Xueting Fuyu
Modern Lingji	Xuyun Taixu Nan Huai-Chin Yuanying Benhuan Sheng-yen Hsing Yun Cheng Yen Wei Chueh Yicheng Shi Yinshun
Modern Caodong	Xuyun Dongchu Sheng-yen
Modern Guiyang	Xuyun Hsuan Hua Yicheng Chuanyin
Traditional Zen	Dōgen Hakuin Ekaku
Modern Rinzai	Imakita Kosen Soyen Shaku Sokei-an D. T. Suzuki Soen Nakagawa Keido Fukushima
Modern Sōtō	Kōdō Sawaki Shunryū Suzuki
Sanbo Kyodan	Hakuun Yasutani Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle Robert Aitken Philip Kapleau
White Plum Asanga	Taizan Maezumi
German Zen	Karlfried Graf Dürckheim Muhō Noelke
Korean Seon	Jinul Seungsahn Seongcheol Daewon
Vietnamese Thiền	Pháp Hiền Vạn Hạnh Trần Nhân Tông Pháp Loa Thích Nhất Hạnh Thích Thanh Từ

Chinese Chán

Historical sects	Five Houses of Chán East Mountain Teaching Hongzhou school Fayan school Yunmen school
Extant sects	Linji school Caodong school Guiyang school
Contemperory Organizations	Buddha's Light International Association Four Heavenly Kings (Taiwan) Dharma Drum Mountain Fo Guang Shan Tzu Chi Foundation Chung Tai Shan Dharma Realm Buddhist Association City of Ten Thousand Buddhas
Academic organizations	Dharma Realm Buddhist University

Japanese Zen

Historical sects	Daruma-shū Fuke-shū Niō Fudō Zen
Extant sects	Sōtō Rinzai Ōbaku
Lay organizations	Sanbo Kyodan Ningen Zen Kyodan
Academic organizations	Kyoto School

Korean Seon

Historical sects	Nine mountain schools
Contemporary sects	Taego Order Jogye Order

Vietnamese Thiền

Extant sects	Trúc Lâm Wu Yantong
Temple	Vạn Hạnh Monastery Trúc Lâm Monastery of Da Lat

USA Zen

Shunryū Suzuki lineage	Shunryū Suzuki Zentatsu Richard Baker Mel Weitsman San Francisco Zen Center Tassajara Zen Mountain Center
Kōdō Sawaki lineage	Kōdō Sawaki Antai-ji Kōshō Uchiyama Shōhaku Okumura
Yasutani lineage	Hakuun Yasutani Sanbo Kyodan Robert Baker Aitken John Tarrant Taizan Maezumi Zen Center of Los Angeles White Plum Asanga Bernie Glassman John Daido Loori Geoffrey Shugen Arnold Zen Peacemakers Joko Beck Dennis Merzel Kanzeon Zen Center
Philip Kapleau lineage	Philip Kapleau Rochester Zen Center Toni Packer
Other Sōtō lineages	Sōyū Matsuoka Dainin Katagiri Kōbun Chino Otogawa Gyokuko Carlson Gudō Wafu Nishijima Brad Warner
Soen Nakagawa lineage	Soen Nakagawa Eido Tai Shimano Zen Studies Society Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-ji
Other Rinzai or Linji lineages	Kyozan Joshu Sasaki Omori Sogen Shodo Harada Keido Fukushima
Pan-lineage	Soto Zen Buddhist Association

European Zen

Sanbo Kyodan	Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle
Kōdō Sawaki lineage	Taisen Deshimaru
Other Sōtō lineages	Houn Jiyu-Kennett Throssel Hole Buddhist Abbey Norwich Zen Buddhist Priory
Zendo Kyodan	Shinzan Miyamae Roshi
Other Rinzai or Linji lineages	Kaishin Inshu

Hierarchy and titles

Novice	Unsui Buddhist initiation ritual
Attendants	Jikijitsu Jisha
Priest	Oshō
Teacher	Sensei Rōshi Zen master
Institutional organisation	Zen ranks and hierarchy Dharma transmission Zen lineage charts

Temples

Main Sōtō Temples	Eihei-ji Sōji-ji Antai-ji
Main Rinzai Temples	Myōshin-ji Daitoku-ji Tōfuku-ji

Zen literature

Classic	Long Scroll of the Treatise on the Two Entrances and Four Practices Platform Sutra Xinxin Ming Cantongqi Denkoroku The Gateless Barrier Shōbōgenzō
Modern	Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind The Way of Zen Three Pillars of Zen
Critical	Zen at War

Cultural influence

Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance

Related schools

Academic research

Pure Land Buddhism
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Buddhas and bodhisattvas Amitabha Shakyamuni Mahāvairocana Guanyin Avalokiteśvara Tara Mahasthamaprapta Samantabhadra Kṣitigarbha Medicine Master Maitreya
Teachings Pure Lands Sukhavati Abhirati Tuṣita Heaven Mind of Faith Other power Stimulus-response Adhiṣṭhāna Primal Vow Buddhahood Trikaya Age of Dharma Decline Emptiness Buddha-nature Raigō Honji suijaku
Practices Refuge Bodhisattva vow Bodhicitta Bodhisattva Precepts Buddha recollection Nianfo Buddha contemplation Devotion Liturgy Pūjā Circumambulation Butsudan Chanting Sutra copying Prostration Making merit Dedication of merit Dhāraṇī
Scriptures Core Pure Land Sutras Amitāyus Sutra Amitābha Sūtra Contemplation Sutra Discourse on the Pure Land Related Mahayana Texts and Aspirations Samantabhadra Aspiration Prayer Pratyutpanna Samādhi Sūtra Dasabhumika-vibhāsā Śūraṅgama Sūtra Dhāraṇī and Mantras Amitabha Pure Land Rebirth Dhāraṇī Aparimitāyurjñāna Sūtra Great Compassion Dhāraṇī Eleven-Faced Avalokiteśvara Heart Dhāraṇī Viśuddhaprabhā Dhāraṇī Uṣṇīṣa Vijaya Dhāraṇī Sūtra Mantra of Light Mani mantra Japanese Pure Land Writings Ōjōyōshū Senchakushū One-Sheet Document Ippen Shōnin Eden Kyōgyōshinshō Tannishō Anjin Ketsujō Shō Shōshinge
Key figures Nāgārjuna Vasubandhu Lushan Huiyuan Jingying Huiyuan Zhiyi Tanluan Daochuo Shandao Huaigan Chengyuan Fazhao Wulong Shaokang Uisang Yongming Yanshou Siming Zhili Zongxiao Senkan Ennin Kakuban Kūya Genshin Yuanzhao Mao Ziyuan Ryōnin Hōnen Shinran Shōkū Benchō Dōhan Ippen Kakunyo Zonkaku Rennyo Shinsei Peng Shaosheng Yunqi Zhuhong Ouyi Zhixu Yuan Hongdao Sheng'an Shixian Jixing Chewu Yinguang Jìngkōng Guang Qin Yamazaki Ben'nei Kiyozawa Manshi Soga Ryōjin D. T. Suzuki Taitetsu Unno Alfred Bloom
Traditions Chinese Pure Land White Lotus Society Hijiri Jōdo-shū Chinzei Seizan Jōdo Shinshū Honganji Yuzu Nembutsu Kakure nenbutsu Ji-shu Tiantai Tendai Shingon Huayan Vietnamese Buddhism Buddhist Churches of America
Key sites Mount Lu Mount Wutai Donglin Temple Xuanzhong Temple Xiangji Temple (Shaanxi) Hongluo Temple Mount Hiei Chion-in Eikan-dō Zenrin-ji Shōjōkō-ji Dainenbutsu-ji Nishi Hongan-ji Higashi Hongan-ji Bukkō-ji Senju-ji
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Buddhism by country
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Southeast Asia	Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam
South Asia	Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka
Central Asia	Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan
West Asia	Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iran Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen
Buddhism portal • Buddhism by country • Buddhist world

Buddhism in Europe

Sovereign states

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