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// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhy did A86 autoroute go to therapy? It had a lot of exits to work through.

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(Redirected from Duplex A86)
A86 autoroute shield
A86 autoroute
Paris super-périphérique
Paris Super Ring
Map
A86 highlighted in red
Route information
Length80 km (50 mi)
Major junctions
Orbital around Paris
Major intersections A 14 in Nanterre
A 15 in Gennevilliers
A 16 ( E19 / A 1) in La Courneuve
E15 / A 3 in Noisy
E50 / A 4
E5 / E15 / E50 / A 6
E5 / A 13
Location
CountryFrance
Major citiesAntony, Bobigny, Créteil, Nanterre, Nogent-sur-Marne, Saint-Denis, Versailles
Highway system
  • Roads in France
← A 85→ A 87

The A86 (sometimes called "Paris super-périphérique") is the second ring road around Paris, France. It follows an irregular path around Paris with the distance from the city centre (Notre Dame) varying in the 8–16 kilometres (5.0–9.9 mi) range. The south-western section of A86 contains one of Europe's longest urban motorway tunnels (10 km (6.2 mi) of continuous tunnel) known as the Duplex A86 [fr], opened in two parts in 2009 and 2011. The tunnel is limited to a height of 2.0 m (6 ft 7 in) and commercial vehicles are prohibited as a result.

Although now a complete motorway-standard loop, the A86 is a product of its heavily urban route and piecemeal construction, meaning that there are several points at which one has to turn-off-to-stay-on (TOTSO) and sections which are briefly parts of the A3 and A4 autoroutes.[1]

A86 is one of several ring roads that surrounds Paris and Île-de-France. The other ring roads are the Boulevard Périphérique, the Francilienne, and the grand contournement de Paris.

History

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Background

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The first Paris beltway projects stretching several miles beyond the walls of the city began in the early 20th century. In the 1910s, Eugène Hénard proposed a ring road known as the "route des forts".[2] This would have connected the fortifications surrounding the city which would thereafter have been replaced by parks.[3] Several proposals advanced during the 1919 concours du Grand Paris (Greater Paris contest), including those of contest winner Leon Jaussely and runner-up Alfred Agache, similarly advanced the idea of a banlieue connected by a beltway. Agache's submission encircled the capital in three such roads, all connected by a series of radial expressways.[2][4]

Between 1932 and 1934, Henri Prost developed the Prost plan, an urban infrastructure expansion roadmap for the region of Île-de-France. The plan introduced several radial expressways, such as the A12 and A13 highways' connection at the Triangle de Rocquencourt. All such expressways were connected by a series of bypasses which formed a loop several miles outside the city.[2][5]

In 1932, Route nationale 186 [fr] was articulated as the main route from Versailles to Choisy-le-Roi.[6] Gradual modifications developed it into a full loop which was relatively far from the city but not classified as an expressway.

Construction

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Tunnel entrance from the northern end
Tunnel entrance from the northern end

Construction on the A86 ring road began in 1968. By 1994, 50 kilometres (31 mi) of expressway were open to traffic. At the time, the following sections were opened: Nanterre–La Courneuve, Bondy–Thiais, and Antony–Versailles. By 2000, an additional 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) of expressway were open, with the only remaining section between Rueil-Malmaison and Vélizy-Villacoublay.[7][8]

Duplex A86 construction

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The remaining 10-kilometre (6.2 mi) section west of Paris would have to traverse through neighborhoods as well as environmentally and culturally sensitive areas. In 1988, Cofiroute conceived a tunnel along the said section. In 1999, Cofiroute was granted a construction contract and a 75-year concession to build and operate the tunnel, respectively. By that point, the tunnel was to be built as a single-tube double-deck tunnel. "EMMA", a tunnel boring machine (TBM) with a 11.56-metre (37.9 ft) diameter, was utilized to dig the tunnel.[7][8] As a consequence of the Mont Blanc Tunnel fire, the tunnel was equipped with safety measures, including separating carriageways into separate decks.[8][9]

The tunnel was divided into two sections, each of which were dug and opened in two different periods. Tunneling on the 4.5-kilometre-long (2.8 mi) northern section (Rueil-Malmaison–A13) and the 5.5-kilometre-long (3.4 mi) southern section (A13–Vélizy-Villacoublay) occurred in 2000–2003 and in 2005–2007, respectively. The northern section opened on 25 June 2009 and the southern section on 9 January 2011.[7]

Duplex A86

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Duplex A86
Interior of the northbound tunnel. The hard shoulder is on the left because the fire exits are located on the left side, as shown in this picture. The reverse is true when going southbound.
Overview
LocationParis, France
RouteA86 autoroute
Operation
Opened26 June 2009 (Rueil-Malmaison)
9 January 2011 (Vélizy-Villacoublay)
Technical
Length10 km (6.2 mi)
No. of lanes2 per direction
Operating speed
70 km/h (43 mph)
Tunnel clearance
2 m (6.6 ft)

The Duplex A86 is a 10-kilometre-long (6.2 mi) motorway tunnel in Paris, which forms part of the A86. Unlike most tunnels, this one is a single tube, double deck tunnel.[10] It opened in two stages: the northern section (Rueil-Malmaison–A13) opened on 25 June 2009 and the southern section (A13–Vélizy-Villacoublay) on 9 January 2011. It was initially open between 06:00 and 22:00. From 1 September 2009, it became operational 24/7.

Due to the nature of this tunnel, it has a height restriction of 2 metres (6.6 ft) which precludes large vehicles using the tunnel and has a speed limit of 70 kilometres per hour (43 mph). Motorcycles and vehicles with dangerous goods are also not permitted.

Other ring roads

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Other ring roads surrounding Paris or Île-de-France besides the A86 include the following:

List of exits and junctions

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Region Department Junction Destinations Notes
Île-de-France Hauts-de-Seine  A14 - A86 Poissy, Saint-Germain-en-Laye , Rouen (A13)
La Défense, Paris - Porte Maillot
Exit 1 : Nanterre - Université  Nanterre - Parc, Nanterre - Préfecture
Exit 2/2a/2b : La Garenne-Colombes  Colombes - Z. I. de la Seine, Colombes - Petit Colombes, La Garenne-Colombes, Bezons Signed as exits 2a (Colombes) and 2b (Bezons) clockwise
 Aire de service de La Prairie (Clockwise)
Exit 3 : Colombes - centre  Colombes - Europe, Parc départemental Pierre-Lagravère, Argenteuil - Val-Notre-Dame
Exit 4/4a Bois-Colombes  Argenteuil (Centre), Colombes (Centre, Parc d'Activités Kléber), Bois-Colombes
Exit 4b : Gennevilliers - Port  Gennevilliers Clockwise exit and counterclockwise entrance
Exit 5 : Gennevilliers - centre  Gennevilliers - Port, Gennevilliers - Le Luth
 A15 & RN 315 - A86 +
Exit Gennevilliers - Village 		 Argenteuil - Orgemont, Cergy-Pontoise, Amiens (A16-A115)
Paris - Porte de Clichy, Asnières-sur-Seine, Clichy)
Gennevilliers, Épinay-sur-Seine Clockwise exit and counterclockwise entrance
Exit 5.1 : Gennevilliers - Les Louvresses  Gennevilliers Counterclockwise exit only
Exit 6 : Villeneuve-la-Garenne - ouest  Gennevilliers, Villeneuve-la-Garenne - Z. I., Parc des Chantereines, Gennevilliers - Parc d'activités
Exit 7 : Villeneuve-la-Garenne - est  La Défense, Asnières-sur-Seine, Villeneuve-la-Garenne - centre No clockwise exit
Seine-Saint-Denis Exit 8a : Saint-Denis - Pleyel  Paris - Porte de Clignancourt, Saint-Ouen, Saint-Denis Clockwise exit and counterclockwise entrance
Exit 8b : Saint-Denis - centre  Paris - Porte de la Chapelle, Saint-Denis Clockwise exit and counterclockwise entrance
Exit 8 : Saint-Denis - Pleyel  Paris - Porte de Clignancourt, Saint-Ouen, Saint-Denis - Porte de Paris Counterclockwise exit and clockwise entrance
Exit 9 : Saint-Denis - Stade de France  Paris - Porte d'Aubervilliers, Saint-Denis - La Plaine, La Courneuve, Aubervilliers
Exit 10 : Aubervilliers  Aubervilliers, Saint-Denis - Franc-Moisin
 A16 (A1) - A86 Lille, Le Bourget, Ch-de-Gaulle Clockwise exit and counterclockwise entrance
Exit 11 : La Courneuve - centre  Saint-Denis - centre, Saint-Denis - Universités, La Courneuve Counterclockwise exit and clockwise entrance
Exit 12 : La Courneuve - 4 Routes  Paris - Porte de la Villette, La Courneuve, Le Bourget, Le Blanc-Mesnil
Exit 13 : Bobigny - Z. I. Les Vignes  Bobigny, Hôpital Avicenne, Drancy, Pantin, Paris - Porte de Pantin
Exit 14 : Bobigny - centre  Bobigny
Exit 15 : Bondy  Bobigny, Meaux, Bondy, Ch-de-Gaulle, Aulnay-sous-Bois (A3), (A1) Clockwise exit and counterclockwise entrance
A 86 overlaps and becomes E15 / A 3 / A 86
 A3 & A103 - A86 Lille (A1), Le Blanc-Mesnil, Aulnay-sous-Bois, Ch-de-Gaulle
Paris - Porte de Bagnolet, Montreuil - centre, Romainville
Chelles, Le Raincy, Villemomble No counterclockwise exit
E15 / A 3 / A 86 becomes again A 86
Exit 16 : Noisy-le-Sec  Centre commercial régional, Noisy-le-Sec No clockwise entrance
Exit 17/17.2 : Rosny - Bois Perrier  Rosny-sous-Bois - centre, Montreuil - La Boissière, Le Raincy, Villemomble Signed as exit 17 clockwise
Exit 17.1 : Rosny - centre  Montreuil, Rosny-sous-Bois Counterclockwise exit only
Val-de-Marne Exit 18 : Fontenay - Z. A.  Fontenay-sous-Bois, Le Perreux-sur-Marne
Exit 19 : Fontenay - centre  Chelles, Fontenay-sous-Bois, Le Perreux-sur-Marne
Exit 20 : Nogent-sur-Marne  Nogent-sur-Marne, Champigny-sur-Marne, Reims, Metz, Nancy, Marne-la-Vallée (A4), A5 Clockwise exit and counterclockwise entrance
A 86 overlaps and becomes E50 / A 4 / A 86
 A4 - A86 Lille (A1), Bobigny, Nogent-sur-Marne, Champigny-sur-Marne, Metz, Nancy, Marne-la-Vallée
Paris - Porte de Bercy, Charenton-le-Pont, Ivry-sur-Seine, Saint-Maurice
E50 / A 4 / A 86 becomes again A 86
Exit 21/22: Créteil - l'Échat  Maisons-Alfort, Créteil - C.H.U. Henri Mondor, Créteil - Église, Créteil - Bordière
 RD 1 - A86 Créteil - centre Clockwise exit and counterclockwise entrance
Exit 23 : Créteil - Pompadour  Créteil - centre, Troyes (A5), Sénart, Valenton, Bonneuil, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, Parc Interdépartemental des Sports
 Aire de service de Pompadour
Exit 24 : Vitry-sur-Seine  Vitry-sur-Seine, Paris - Porte de Choisy, Choisy-le-Roi, Thiais - centre, Alfortville
A 86 becomes N 186
Exit 25b : Sénia  Centre Commerciaux, Sénia
Exit 25a : Thais  Choisy-le-Roi, Thiais - Grignon Counterclockwise exit and clockwise entrance
Exit 25 : Thais  Centre Commercial Régional, Centre Routier, M.I.N., Orly - Ville, Sogaris, alt Orly, Chevilly-Larue, Villejuif
Exit : Rungis  L'Haÿ-les-Roses, Rungis - Ville, SILIC de Rungis, M.I.N.
 A6b - RN 186 Paris, Lyon, Évry, Palaiseau, Bordeaux, Nantes (A10)
Exit 26 : Fresnes  L'Haÿ-les-Roses, Chevilly-Larue, Fresnes
Hauts-de-Seine Exit 27 : La Croix de Berny  Paris - Porte d'Orléans, Antony, Sceaux, Bourg-la-Reine
N 186 becomes N 385
Hauts-de-Seine & Essonne Exit 28 : Châtenay - Malabry  Châtenay-Malabry - centre, Verrières-le-Buisson
Hauts-de-Seine Exit 29 : Le Plessis-Robinson  Châtenay-Malabry - Haut, Le Plessis-Robinson - Boursidières, Le Plessis-Robinson - centre
Exit 30 : Clamart - Le Petit Clamart  (A6 - A10), Clamart, Z. A. Villacoublay, Bièvres, Igny (RN 118) Clockwise exit and Counterclockwise entrance
Exit 30c : Bois de Verrières  Bois de Verrières Counterclockwise exit and entrance
Exit 30b : Clamart - centre  Clamart, Châtillon, Paris - Porte de Châtillon Signed as exit 30 clockwise
Exit 30a : Clamart - Le Petit Clamart  Clamart Signed as exit 30 clockwise
Yvelines N 385 becomes again A 86
 RN 118 - RN 385 & A86 Paris - Porte de Saint-Cloud, Boulogne-Billancourt, Meudon, Vélizy - Zone d'Emplois, Centre Commercial, Sèvres
Bièvres, Igny, Bordeaux, Nantes (A10 - A11)
Exit 30.1 : Vélizy - Zone d'Emplois  Vélizy - Z.A Villacoublay, Centre commercial Vélizy 2 No counterclockwise entrance
Exit 31 : Vélizy - centre  Vélizy - Z. A. Louis Breguet, Jouy-en-Josas
 Aire de service de Vélizy ouest (Clockwise)
 Aire de service de Clair Bois (Counterclockwise)
 RN 12 - A86 Versailles - centre, Porchefontaine, Plaisir, Dreux, Rouen (A13), Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Rambouillet (A12)
A 86 becomes Duplex A 86
Hauts-de-Seine Exit 33 : Vaucresson +
 A13 - A86 +
 Péage de Vaucresson		 Versailles - Montreuil, La Celle-Saint-Cloud, Vaucresson
Rouen, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Paris - Porte d'Auteuil
Duplex A 86 becomes again A 86
Exit 34 : Rueil  Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Rueil-Malmaison, Bougival, La Celle-Saint-Cloud, Versailles
Exit 35/35a/35b : Pont de Chatou  Chatou, Rueil - 2000 Signed as exits 35a (Chatou) and 35b (Rueil 2000) counterclockwise
Exit 36 : Nanterre - centre  Nanterre
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ "Appendix 2.8 – FRANCE – the Duplex Tunnel A 86 in western Paris area" (PDF). PIARC WG5 "Complex Underground Road Networks". PIARC. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 "Le Plan d'Aménagement de la Région Parisienne (PARP) : la théorie du Grand Paris dans l'entre- deux-guerres" (PDF). L'Institut Paris Région. 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  3. ↑ "Le Paris d'Eugène Hénard". Paris Projet ou Vandalisme. Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  4. ↑ Rousseau, Amélie; Montillet, Philippe (March 2014). "1913-2013: Le Grand Paris a 100 ans" (PDF). Note Rapide - Institut d'Aménagement et d'Urbanisme. Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  5. ↑ "Le plan d'aménagement de la région parisienne de 1934: le plan Prost". Paris Projet ou Vandalisme. Retrieved 2025-11-14.
  6. ↑ "Décret du 25 septembre 1932: NOMENCLATURE DES ROUTES NATIONALES (ANCIEN ET NOUVEAU RESEAU)". Journal Officiel de la Republique Francais - Légifrance.gouv.fr. 1932-09-05. Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  7. 1 2 3 "Duplex A86: un grand projet d'infrastructure". VINCI Autoroutes (in French). Retrieved 9 July 2026.
  8. 1 2 3 "The A86 double-deck tunnel - An exceptional engineering feat". Les Dessous des Grands Travaux. Retrieved 9 July 2026.
  9. ↑ "Duplex A86". VINCI Construction. Retrieved 9 July 2026.
  10. ↑ "France: A86 Duplex Tunnel in Paris". YouTube. 25 June 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2024. (Captions are in English)
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