Draft:Tylotites
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| Tylotites Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | incertae sedis |
| Class: | †Palaeoscolecida |
| Family: | †Cricocosmiidae |
| Genus: | Tylotites |
| Species: | T. petiolaris |
| Binomial name | |
| Tylotites petiolaris Luo and Hu 1999 | |
Tylotites is an extinct genus of palaeoscolecid that lived during the Cambrian period. They existed approximately 525-506 million years ago and were likely epifaunal, living on the sediment-water interface in the ocean.[1] Only one species, T. petiolaris, is known.[2]
Classification and Morphology
[edit]A part of the Chengjiang biota in Yunnan, China, T. petiolaris specimens are quite rare and were initially thought to be a member of lobopodia. This belief was based on examination of an incomplete fossil. After the discovery of a complete specimen it was determined to be a part of Palaeoscolecida, due to the similarity of its proboscis with other members of the class.[1] It was also previously thought that Tylotites was a part of a seperate family, Tylotitidae, however more recent phylogenetic analysis has placed it in Cricocosmiidae.[3]
T. petiolaris are cylindrical in shape, ranging from 4.5-7 mm in width and 50-140 mm in length at adulthood. They share several characteristics with other members of palaeoscolecida, such as a trisegmented proboscis, a ridged trunk, and an overall elongated shape. The proboscis in particular is reminiscent of those found in Cricocosmia and Maotianshania. There are three main components to the species' body: the proboscis, the neck, and the trunk.[1]
The proboscis itself consists of three different segments, those being the introvert, the collar, and the pharynx. It was highly flexible, and covered with hooked spines used to collect food. The proboscis was then connected to the trunk by the neck.[1] The trunk was also lined with numerous hooked spines, varying in length and function depending on their location. These spines were larger than those found on other species such as Cricocosmia, indicating they were probably for protection as well as for moving on the sea floor.[1] There are a distinct pair of hooks protruding from the back end of the trunk as well, distinguished from the rest of the trunk spines by their colour and curvature.[1]
References
[edit]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 JIAN, HAN; YANG, YAO; ZHIFEI, ZHANG; JIANNI, LIU; DEGAN, SHU (April 2007). "New observations on the palaeoscolecid worm Tylotites petiolaris from the Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, south China". Paleontological Research. 11 (1): 67. doi:10.2517/1342-8144(2007)11[59:nootpw]2.0.co;2. ISSN 1342-8144.
- ↑ "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Archived from the original on 2025-03-26. Retrieved 2026-10-02.
- ↑ Shi, Xiaomei; Howard, Richard J.; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Hou, Xianguang; Ma, Xiaoya (March 2022). "Tabelliscolex (Cricocosmiidae: Palaeoscolecidomorpha) from the early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota and the evolution of seriation in Ecdysozoa". Journal of the Geological Society. 179 (2). doi:10.1144/jgs2021-060. ISSN 0016-7649.