Draft:100% Independence

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Last edited by Kaliper1 (talk | contribs) 3 days ago. (Update)

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100% Independence (Indonesian: Kemerdekaan 100 Persen) was a political principle advocated by Indonesian revolutionary Tan Malaka and Sudirman during the Indonesian National Revolution. It held that the Netherlands had to recognize the sovereignty proclaimed by Indonesia on 17 August 1945 before negotiations could take place. Tan Malaka rejected agreements that left Indonesia under Dutch political, military, territorial, or economic control, and called for the withdrawal of foreign forces, Indonesian authority over the former Dutch East Indies, and national control of major enemy-owned industries and plantations. The principle became the central programme of the Persatuan Perjuangan, a coalition formed by Tan Malaka in January 1946 in opposition to the diplomatic policy of Prime Minister Sutan Sjahrir.

The political duality and closeness between Sudirman and Tan Malaka under such political principle and millitary cooperation during the Indonesian National Revolution was described by Adam Malik as "New Duumvirate" (Dwitunggal Baru), akin to the cooperation between Sukarno-Hatta's Dwitunggal.

Principle

New Duumvirate

Tan Malaka

Sudirman

References

↑ "Seberapa dekat Soedirman dengan Tan Malaka?". Tempo (in Indonesian). 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2026-08-01.
↑ Anugrah, Arbi (13 August 2022). "Purwokerto Saksi Sejarah Tan Malaka dan Jenderal Soedirman Mendapatkan Kemerdekaan RI". iNewsPurwokerto.id (in Indonesian). Event occurs at 10:29 WIB. Retrieved 1 August 2026.

[1] "Seberapa dekat Soedirman dengan Tan Malaka?". Tempo (in Indonesian). 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2026-08-01.

[Anugrah2022Purwokerto-2] Anugrah, Arbi (13 August 2022). "Purwokerto Saksi Sejarah Tan Malaka dan Jenderal Soedirman Mendapatkan Kemerdekaan RI". iNewsPurwokerto.id (in Indonesian). Event occurs at 10:29 WIB. Retrieved 1 August 2026.

[1]

[2]