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Wee Jasper reef

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wee Jasper reef
Stratigraphic range: Early Devonian (Emsian), 410.6–393.4 Ma
TypeFossil reef
Unit ofTaemas Limestone Formation
Thickness~2.2 m (7.2 ft)[1]
Lithology
PrimaryLimestone
Location
LocationBurrinjuck, New South Wales
Coordinates34°58′35″S 148°37′23″E / 34.976389°S 148.623056°E / -34.976389; 148.623056
RegionNew South Wales
CountryAustralia
Wee Jasper reef is located in Australia
Wee Jasper reef
Wee Jasper reef (Australia)
Wee Jasper reef is located in New South Wales
Wee Jasper reef
Wee Jasper reef (New South Wales)

The Wee Jasper reef was an Early Devonian (Emsian) mesophotic coral reef ecosystem located in what is now the Wee Jasper–Taemas area, New South Wales, Australia, near the border with the Australian Capital Territory. The Wee Jasper reef is considered to have been both a benthic and nektonic ecosystem, as studies of the fossilized coral reveal that said coral had adapted for low irradiance, indicating the reef developed below well-lit waters. The rocks of this reef belong to the lowermost Receptaculites Limestone Member of the Taemas Limestone Formation.[1]

The Burrinjuck area has been said to possess immense national and international significance and preserve a diverse fauna comparable to those of World Heritage listed sites.[2] This fauna is indeed quite specioseeven if fossils tend to be mainly isolated yet finely preserved bones, and not only includes the dominant placoderms and other fishes, but also corals, bryozoans, stromatoporoids, brachiopods, gastropods, nautiloids and trilobites. However, reliable stratigraphic ranges are not possible due to most species being described on said isolated bones.[1]

Fossil content

[edit]

Placodermi

[edit]
Genus Species Clade Images
Arenipiscis A. westolli[3] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
Restoration of A. westolli.
Bimbianga B. burrinjuckensis[4] Arthrodira,
Holonematidae?
Brindabellaspis B. stensioi[5][6] Brindabellaspida
Brindabellaspidae
A reconstruction of B. stensioi.
Buchanosteus B. confertituberculatus[7][8][9][10] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
B. confertituberculatus reconstruction.
Burrinjucosteus B. asymmetricus[10] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
A restoration of B. asymmetricus.
Cathlesichthys C. weejasperensis[11] Arthrodira,
Homostiidae
Cavanosteus C. australis[12] Arthrodira,
Homostiidae
Dhanguura D. johnstoni[11] Arthrodira

(Brachythoraci
incertae sedis)
Elvaspis[13] E. tuberculata Arthrodira,
Williamsaspididae
E. whitei
Errolosteus E. goodradigbeensis[3] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
E. goodradigbeensis reconstruction.
Goodradigbeeon G. australianum[10] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
A reconstruction of G. australianum.
Lunaspis L. sp.[2] Petalichthyida,
Macropetalichthyidae
Artist's reconstruction of L. broili (larger) and L. heroldi (smaller).
Murrindalaspis M. wallacei[2] Acanthothoraci,
Weejasperaspididae
Cropped image showing a restoration of M. wallacei.
Notopetalichthys N. hillsi[14][15] Petalichthyida,
Macropetalichthyidae
Ohioaspis O. tumulosa[16] Incertae sedis
(Rhenanida?)
Parabuchanosteus P. murrumbidgeensis[17] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
P. murrumbidgeensis reconstruction.
Richardosteus R. barwickorum[18] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
Shearsbyaspis S. oepiki[19] Petalichthyida
(incertae sedis)
Taemasosteus T. novaustrocambricus[7] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
Restoration of T. novaustrocambricus.
Toombsosteus T. denisoni[10] Arthrodira,
Buchanosteidae
Weejasperaspis W. gavini[10] Acanthothoraci,
Weejasperaspididae
Williamsaspis W. bedfordi[7] Arthrodira,
Williamsaspididae
Wijdeaspis W. warrooensis[15] Petalichthyida
incertae sedis

Chondrichthyes

[edit]
Genus Species Clade Images
Cambaracanthus C. goodhopensis[20] Ischnacanthiformes,
Ischnacanthidae
Cavanacanthus C. warrooensis[20] Ischnacanthiformes,
Ischnacanthidae
Cheiracanthoides C. comptus[16] Climatiiformes,
Climatiidae
Ohiolepis O. sp.[16] Elasmobranchii incertae sedis
Taemasacanthus T. cooradigbeensis[21] Ischnacanthiformes,
Ischnacanthidae
Diagram of the left dentary of T. erroli.
T. erroli[22]
T. narrengullenensis[21]
T. porca[20]

Agnatha

[edit]
Genus Species Clade Images
Skamolepis S. fragilis[16] Thelodontiformes incertae sedis
Turinia sp. cf. T. australiensis[23] Thelodontiformes,
Turiniidae

Sarcopterygii

[edit]
Genus Species Clade Images
Cathlorhynchus C. trismodipterus[24] Dipnoi,
Dipnorhynchidae
Dipnorhynchus D. cathlesae[25] Dipnoi,
Dipnorhynchidae
A reconstruction of D. sp.
D. kurikae[26]
D. sussmilchi[27][28]
Speonesydrion S. iani[29][30] Dipnoi,
Dipnorhynchidae

Trilobita

[edit]
Genus Species Clade Images
Gravicalymene G. quadrilobata[31] Phacopida,
Calymenidae
Fossil of G. arcuata.
Phacops P. spedeni[31][32] Phacopida,
Phacopidae
Fossil of Phacops sp.

Incertae sedis

[edit]
Genus Species Clade Images
Ligulalepis L. toombsi[33][34] Osteichthyes
(incertae sedis)
Life reconstruction of L. toombsi, based on a skull.

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 Zapalski, M. K.; Berkowski, B.; Skompski, S.; Pickett, J. W.; Young, G. C. (2025). Ancient depths: Unprecedented completeness of mesophotic coral-fish ecosystem from the Devonian of Eastern Gondwana. Gondwana Research, 142: 252–261. ISSN: 1342-937X.
  2. 1 2 3 Young, G. C. (2011). Wee Jasper-Lake Burrinjuck fossil fish sites: Scientific background to national heritage nomination. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 132:83-107.
  3. 1 2 Young, G. C. (1981). New Early Devonian brachythoracids (placoderm fishes) from the Taemas - Wee Jasper region of New South Wales. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 5(4): 245–271. ISSN: 0311-5518.
  4. ↑ Young G. C. (2005). Early Devonian arthrodire remains (Placodermi, ?Holonematidae) from the Burrinjuck area, New South Wales, Australia. Geodiversitas 27 (2) : 201-219.
  5. ↑ Young, G. C. (1980). A new Early Devonian placoderm from New South Wales, Australia, with a discussion of placoderm phylogeny. Palaeontographica. 167. 10-76.
  6. ↑ King, B., Young, G. & Long, J. (2018). New information on Brindabellaspis stensioi Young, 1980, highlights morphological disparity in Early Devonian placoderms. Royal Society Open Science. 5. 180094.
  7. 1 2 3 White, E. I. (1952). Australian arthrodires. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology, 1, 249–304.
  8. ↑ Young, G. C. (2008). New information on the structure and relationships of Buchanosteus (Placodermi: Euarthrodira) from the Early Devonian of New South Wales. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 66(4): 309–352.
  9. ↑ Long, J. & Mark-Kurik, E. & Young, G. C. (2014). Taxonomic revision of buchanosteoid placoderms (Arthrodira) from the Early Devonian of south-eastern Australia and Arctic Russia. Australian Journal of Zoology, 62. 26–43.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 White, E. I. (1978). The larger arthrodiran fishes from the area of the Burrinjuck Dam, N.S.W. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 34(2): 149–262.
  11. 1 2 Young, G. C. (2004). Large brachythoracid arthrodires (placoderm fishes) from the Early Devonian of Wee Jasper, New South Wales, Australia, with a discussion of basal brachythoracid characters. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24. 1-17.
  12. ↑ Young, G. C. (2004). A homostiid arthrodire (placoderm fish) from the Early Devonian of the Burrinjuck area, New South Wales. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 28(1), 129–146.
  13. ↑ Young, G. C. (2009). New arthrodires (Family Williamsaspididae) from Wee Jasper, New South Wales (Early Devonian), with comments on placoderm morphology and palaeoecology. Acta Zoologica. 90. 69 - 82.
  14. ↑ Woodward, A.S. (1941). The head shield of a new macropetalichthyid fish (Notopetalichthys hillsi, gen. et sp. nov.) from the Middle Devonian of Australia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 11, 8(44): 91–96.
  15. 1 2 Young, G. C. (1978). A new Early Devonian petalichthyid fish from the Taemas/Wee Jasper region of New South Wales. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 2. 103–116.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Giffin, E. B. (1980). Devonian Vertebrates from Australia. Postilla (Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History). 180.
  17. ↑ White, E. I., Toombs, H. A (1972). THE BUCHANOSTEID ARTHRODIRES OF AUSTRALIA. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology, 22. BM(NH): 379–419.
  18. ↑ Long, J. & Mark-Kurik, E. & Young, G. C. (2014). Taxonomic revision of buchanosteoid placoderms (Arthrodira) from the Early Devonian of south-eastern Australia and Arctic Russia. Australian Journal of Zoology, 62. 26–43.
  19. ↑ Young, G. C. (1985). Further petalichthyid remains (placoderm fishes, Early Devonian) from the Taemas-Wee Jasper region, New South Wales. BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics 9(2): 121–131.
  20. 1 2 3 Lindley, I. D. (2000). Acanthodian fish remains from the Lower Devonian Cavan Bluff Limestone (Murrumbidgee Group), Taemas district, New South Wales. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 24(1), 11–35.
  21. 1 2 Lindley, I. D. (2001). Lower Devonian ischnacanthid fish (Gnathostomata: Acanthodii) from the Taemas Limestone, Lake Burrinjuck, New South Wales. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 25(3), 269–291.
  22. ↑ Long, J. A. (1986). New ischnacanthid acanthodians from the Early Devonian of Australia, with comments on acanthodian interrelationships. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 87(4), 321–339.
  23. ↑ Basden, A. (1999). Emsian (Early Devonian) microvertebrates from the Buchan and Taemas areas of southeastern Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum., 57, 15–21.
  24. ↑ Campbell, K. S. W., Barwick, R. E., & Senden, T. J. (2009). Evolution of dipnoans (lungfish) in the Early Devonian of southeastern Australia. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 33(1), 59–78.
  25. ↑ Campbell, K. S. W., & Barwick, R. E. (1999). A new species of the Devonian lungfish Dipnorhynchus from Wee Jasper, New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum, 51(2), 123–140.
  26. ↑ Campbell, K. S. W., & Barwick, R. E. (1999). 2000. The braincase, mandible and dental structures of the Early Devonian lungfish Dipnorhynchus kurikae from Wee Jasper, New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 52(1), 103–128.
  27. ↑ Etheridge, R. (1906). The cranial buckler of a Dipnoan fish, probably Ganorhynchus, from the Devonian Beds of the Murrumbidgee River, New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 6(3), 129–132.
  28. ↑ Clement, Alice & Challands, Tom & Long, John & Ahlberg, Per. (2016). The cranial endocast of Dipnorhynchus sussmilchi (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi) and the interrelationships of stem-group lungfishes. PeerJ. 4. 1-19. 10.7717/peerj.2539.
  29. ↑ Campbell, K. S. W., & Barwick, R. E. (1983). Early evolution of dipnoan dentitions and a new genus Speonesydrion. Memoir of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 1, 17–49.
  30. ↑ Campbell, K. S. W., & Barwick, R. E. (2007). The structure and stratigraphy of Speonesydrion from New South Wales, Australia, and the dentition of primitive dipnoans. Paläontol Z 81, 146–159.
  31. 1 2 Chatterton, B. D. E. (1971). Taxonomy and ontogeny of Siluro-Devonian trilobites from near Yass, New South Wales.Palaeontographica Abteilung, A 137 (1–3): 1–108.
  32. ↑ Chatterton, B. D. E. Johnson, B. D. Campbell, K. S. W. (1979). Silicified Lower Devonian trilobites from New South Wales. Palaeontology, 22(4), 799–837
  33. ↑ H-P., Schultze. (1968). Palaeoniscoidea-Schuppen aus dem Unterdevon Australiens und Kanadas und aus dem Mitteldevon Spitzbergens. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology, 16. BM(NH): 341–368.
  34. ↑ Basden, A. M. & Young, G. C. (2001). A Primitive Actinopterygian Neurocranium from the Early Devonian of Southeastern Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 21(4), 754–66.
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