Scolia (wasp)
| Scolia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scolia hirta hirta | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Scoliidae |
| Tribe: | Scoliini |
| Genus: | Scolia Fabricius, 1775 |
| Type species | |
| Scolia sexmaculata (Müller, 1766) | |
Scolia is a genus of scoliid wasps in the subfamily Scoliinae. There are 261 described species in Scolia.[1][2][3]
Taxonomy and phylogeny
[edit]Scolia was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775. This genus is classified under the tribe Scoliini of the subfamily Scoliinae within the family Scoliidae.[4] Scolia is itself divided into three subgenera, Scolia (Scolia), and Scolia (Discolia), and Scolia (Hesperoscolia).[5] Males of the subgenus Scolia (Scolia) have dense, silky setae on the volsella, while those of the subgenus Scolia (Discolia) lack dense setae on the volsella.[4]
Description and identification
[edit]Scolia are small to medium wasps between 5–25 millimetres (0.20–0.98 in).[4] The forewing has a single recurrent vein and two submarginal cells.[6] The species are usually black with variable yellow or red markings. The majority of setae are usually black or white but may also be mixed with red or yellow.[4]
Distribution
[edit]Scolia is a cosmopolitan genus. 40 species are known from India alone.[4] Another 50 species are known from the Palearctic.[1] 14 more species are known from the Americas.[7][3]
Species
[edit]The following are select species belong to the genus Scolia:[8]
Subgenus Scolia (Discolia)
[edit]- Scolia affinis Guérin-Méneville, 1830
- Scolia albumtenebris Ramírez-Guillén, 2025[3]
- Scolia bartletti Ramírez-Guillén, 2025[3]
- Scolia bicincta Fabricius, 1775
- Scolia binotata Fabricius, 1804
- Scolia bnun Tsuneki, 1972
- Scolia clypeata Sickmann, 1894
- Scolia dubia (Say, 1837)
- Scolia erythropyga Burmeister, 1853
- Scolia fasciatopunctata Guerin, 1838
- Scolia guttata (Burmeister, 1853)
- Scolia hirta (Schrank, 1781)
- Scolia histrionica (Fabricius, 1787)
- Scolia kuroiwae Matsumura & Uchida, 1926
- Scolia mexicana (Saussure, 1858)
- Scolia nobilis Saussure, 1858
- Scolia nobilitata (Fabricius, 1805)
- Scolia oculata Matsumura, 1911
- Scolia picteti Saussure, 1854
- Scolia rugifrons Betrem, 1928
- Scolia sinensis Saussure, 1864
- Scolia superciliaris de Saussure, 1864
- Scolia turkestanica Betrem, 1935
- Scolia verticalis (Fabricius, 1775)
- Scolia vollenhoveni de Saussure, 1859
- Scolia wahlbergii de Saussure, 1859
- Scolia watanabei Matsumura, 1912
Subgenus Scolia (Hesperoscolia)
[edit]- Scolia jucunda (de Saussure, 1858)
- Scolia rufiventris (Fabricius 1804)
Subgenus Scolia (Scolia)
[edit]- Scolia anatoliae Osten, 2004
- Scolia asiella Betrem, 1935
- Scolia carbonaria (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Scolia cypria de Saussure, 1854
- Scolia erythrocephala Fabricius, 1798
- Scolia fallax Eversmann, 1849
- Scolia flaviceps Eversmann, 1846
- Scolia fuciformis Scopoli, 1786
- Scolia galbula (Pallas, 1771)
- Scolia hortorum Fabricius, 1787
- Scolia orientalis Saussure, 1856
- Scolia sexmaculata (O. F. Müller, 1766)
Extinct species
[edit]- † Scolia distincta Zhang, 1989
- † Scolia saussureana Heer, 1865
Gallery
[edit]
S. affinis in Kerala, India.
S anatoliae in Turkey.
S. bicincta female in North Carolina.
S. bilunata in Kerala, India.
S. carbonaria collected in Algeria.
S. chrysotricha in South Africa.
S. cyanipennis in Kerala, India.
S. dubia dubia in Maryland.
S. dubia haematodes in Texas.
S. fallax in Ukraine.
S. fasciatopunctata in India.
S. fuciformis in Ukraine.
S. hirta hirta in Italy.
S. hortorum in Spain.
S. nobilitata notilitata in Virginia.
S. nobilitata otomita in Arizona.
S. nobilitata tricincta male in Colorado.
S. ocula in Japan.
S. pictei in India.
S. rufiventris in Argentina.
S. sexmaculata in Poland.
S. verticalis in Australia.
S. wahlbergii in South Africa.
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References
[edit]- 1 2 Mokrousov, M.V.; Lelej, A.S. (2017). "62. Family Scoliidae". In Belokobylskij, S.A.; Lelej, A.S. (eds.). Annotated Catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita: Aculeata. Saint Petersburg: Zoological Institute RAS. pp. 147–148. ISBN 978-5-98092-062-3.
- ↑ Golfetti, Ivan Fernande; da Silva, Marjorie; Dos Santos, Eduardo Fernando; Noll, Fernando Barbosa (2025). "Phylogenetic analysis and biogeography of Scolia (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae, Scoliinae): implications for the classification and origin of Scoliini". Cladistics. 41 (3): 304–320. doi:10.1111/cla.12612. hdl:11449/302846.
- 1 2 3 4 Ramírez-Guillén, Luis Damián; León-Cortés, Jorge L.; Falcon-Brindis, Armando (2025). "Two new species of Scolia (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae) from Mexico and Panama". Neotropical Biology and Conservation. 20 (4): 295–308. doi:10.3897/neotropical.20.e166466.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Gupta, S.K.; Jonathan, J.K. (2003). Fauna of India and the Adjacent Countries, Hymenoptera: Scoliidae. Kolkata, India: Zoological Survey of India. pp. 151–152. ISBN 81-8171-009-6.
- ↑ Golfetti, Ivan Fernande (2019). Análise Filogenética de Scolia Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae, Scoliinae) (MSc thesis) (in Portuguese). São Paulo State University. pp. 1–69. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
- ↑ Augul, Razzaq Shalan (2016). "Taxonomic study of the family Scoliidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Iraq". Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 8 (2): 124–138. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
- ↑ Añino, Yostin J.; Cambra, Roberto A.; Windsow, Donald M.; Zuñiga, Ronald; Quintero, Diomedes (2019). "Review of Scolia (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae) from Central America, including seasonal flight activity in Scolia guttata". Acta Biológica Colombiana. 25 (2): 202–209. doi:10.15446/abc.v25n2.77590.
- ↑ Osten, T. (2005). "Checkliste der Dolchwespen der Welt (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Scoliidae). Teil 1: Proscoliinae und Scoliinae: Campsomerini. Teil 2: Scoliinae: Scoliini. Teil 3: Literatur" [Checklist of the Scoliidae of the World. Part 1: Proscoliinae and Scoliinae: Campsomerini. Part 2: Scoliinae: Scoliini. Part 3: Literature] (PDF). Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg (in German). 62 (220–221): 1–62. Retrieved 2014-06-24.