Santan trade
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Santan trade refers to trade conducted among indigenous peoples along the Amur river and with the neighbouring islands of Sakhalin and Hokkaido, especially during the Edo period. The term "Santan" was also used to refer collectively to these indigenous people, being composed mostly of the Ulchi, Nanai, and Oroch peoples.[1][2][3] The term first appeared in Japanese historical records in the 18th century and became widespread in the latter half of the 18th century.[4] The prominence of Santan trade on Sakhalin led to the land where the Santan traders came from being called "Santan" in early Japanese records.[5]
The Santan trade saw goods from further in the interior of Asia, such as Chinese silk, traded to the peoples on Sakhalin and Hokkaido, including the Nivkh and Ainu.[6][7][8] The Ainu would then trade a variety of the items that they acquired from the Santan traders with the Japanese in southern Hokkaido.[9] As part of this Santan individuals were regularly temporary residents on Sakhalin as they brought items to trade and resided on the island until they had traded all the items they brought with them.[10] In addition to their trading ventures, Santan traders sometimes kidnapped or purchased Ainu women from Rishiri Island to become their wives.[6]
References
[edit]- ↑ Kojima 1996, pp. 11–12, 16–17.
- ↑ Hudson 2014, p. 227.
- ↑ Walker 2001, p. 138.
- ↑ Yasukazu, Suematsu (1928). 近世に於ける北方問題の進展 [The Development of the Northern Issue in the Early Modern Period]. Shibundo. National History Research Series. 6. doi:10.11501/1224047.
- ↑ Harrison 1954, p. 282.
- 1 2 Morris-Suzuki 2020, p. 2.
- ↑ Walker 2001, pp. 141–142.
- ↑ Tezuka 1998, pp. 350–352.
- ↑ Tezuka 1998, p. 353.
- ↑ Harrison 1954, p. 280.
Works cited
[edit]- Harrison, John A. (Autumn 1954). "The Saghalien Trade: A Contribution to Ainu Studies". Southwestern Journal of Anthropology. 10 (3): 278–293. JSTOR 3629131.
- Hudson, Mark J. (10 November 2014). "Japan: archaeology". In Bellwood, Peter (ed.). The Global Prehistory of Human Migration. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1118970591.
- Kojima, Kyōko (1996). 山丹交易とカラフト諸民族の状況 [Some Aspects of Peoples in Sakhalin Under the Influence of Santan Trade] (PDF) (in Japanese). pp. 11–17. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- Morris-Suzuki, Tessa (15 November 2020). "Indigenous Diplomacy: Sakhalin Ainu (Enchiw) in the Shaping of Modern East Asia (Part 1: Traders and Travellers)" (PDF). The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus. 18 (22): 1–20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2025.
- Tezuka, Kaoru (1998). "Long-Distance Trade Networks and Shipping in the Ezo Region". Arctic Anthropology. 35 (1): 350–360. JSTOR 40316475.
- Walker, Brett L. (2001). The Conquest of Ainu Lands: Ecology and Culture in Japanese Expansion, 1590–1800. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520248342.