Morus macroura

Morus macroura
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Moraceae
Genus:	Morus
Species:	M. macroura
Binomial name
	Morus macroura; Miq. (1851)
Varieties
	Morus macroura var. laxiflora G.K.Upadhyay & A.A.Ansari; Morus macroura var. macroura; Morus macroura var. mawu (Koidz.) C.Y.Wu & Z.Y.Cao;
Synonyms
	synonyms of var. macroura: Morus alaisia Deless. ex Moretti, pro syn.; Morus alba var. laevigata Bureau; Morus alba subvar. viridis Bureau; Morus jinpingensis S.S.Chang; Morus laevigata (Bureau) Wall. ex Brandis; Morus macroura var. viridis (Bureau) K.K.Khanna; Morus viridis Buch.-Ham. ex Wall., nom. nud.; Morus wallichiana Koidz.; Morus wittiorum Hand.-Mazz.; synonyms of var. mawu: Morus wittiorum var. mawu Koidz.;

Morus macroura,^[5] also known as the king white mulberry,^[6] shahtoot mulberry, Tibetan mulberry, or long mulberry is a flowering plant species in the genus Morus native to the Himalayas, Tibet, southern China, the rain forests of Indochina, and mountainous areas of Sumatra and Java in Indonesia.^[2]^[7]^[8] It is a medium-sized tree, with a spreading canopy which grows with a weeping habit.^[9] Ripe fruit is white, pink or red, and is described as honey-sweet.^[10]

Genomics

A chromosome-level genome assembly of Morus macroura was published in 2026. The genome size is approximately 318.6 Mb, with 99.64% of the contig sequences anchored to 14 pseudo-chromosomes. The assembly has a BUSCO completeness of 97.21%, and 21,824 protein-coding genes were predicted. The assembly provides a resource for understanding genetic mechanisms underlying low chilling requirement and year-round fruiting.^[11]

References

↑ IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group & Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) (2021). "Morus macroura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T192353158A192374133. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
1 2 "Morus macroura Miq". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 September 2026.
↑ "Morus macroura var. macroura". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 September 2026.
↑ "Morus macroura var. mawu (Koidz.) C.Y.Wu & Z.Y.Cao". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 September 2026.
↑ Miquel, Friedrich Anton Wilhelm (1851). "Moreae". Plantae junghuhnianae :enumeratio plantarum, quas, in insulis Java et Sumatra /Detexit Fr. Junghuhn. Plantae Junghuhnianae. Vol. 1. p. 42. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.388.
↑ Muhammad Akram & Faheem Aftab (2012). "Efficient micropropagation and rooting of king white mulberry (Morus macroura miq.) var. laevigata from nodal explants of mature tree".
↑ Roskov Y.; Kunze T.; Orrell T.; Abucay L.; Paglinawan L.; Culham A.; Bailly N.; Kirk P.; Bourgoin T.; Baillargeon G.; Decock W.; De Wever A. (2014). Didžiulis V. (ed.). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
↑ World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World
↑ Muhammad Akram & Faheem Aftab (2012). "Efficient micropropagation and rooting of king white mulberry (Morus macroura miq.) var. laevigata from nodal explants of mature tree".
↑ Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery (2016). "Mulberry Shahtoot or King White". Retrieved 2 July 2016.
↑ Wu, Huazhou; Wang, Jiabin; Geng, Tao; Yao, Yuling; Lin, Peiqun; Wang, Shuchang; Xu, Li (2026). "A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the low chilling requirement mulberry, Morus macroura". Scientific Data. 13 (1) 458. doi:10.1038/s41597-026-07117-2. PMC 13022433. PMID 41888543.

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[IUCN-1] IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group & Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) (2021). "Morus macroura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T192353158A192374133. Retrieved 23 January 2023.

[powo-2] 1 2 "Morus macroura Miq". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 September 2026.

[macroura-3] "Morus macroura var. macroura". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 September 2026.

[mawu-4] "Morus macroura var. mawu (Koidz.) C.Y.Wu & Z.Y.Cao". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 September 2026.

[5] Miquel, Friedrich Anton Wilhelm (1851). "Moreae". Plantae junghuhnianae :enumeratio plantarum, quas, in insulis Java et Sumatra /Detexit Fr. Junghuhn. Plantae Junghuhnianae. Vol. 1. p. 42. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.388.

[6] Muhammad Akram & Faheem Aftab (2012). "Efficient micropropagation and rooting of king white mulberry (Morus macroura miq.) var. laevigata from nodal explants of mature tree".

[7] Roskov Y.; Kunze T.; Orrell T.; Abucay L.; Paglinawan L.; Culham A.; Bailly N.; Kirk P.; Bourgoin T.; Baillargeon G.; Decock W.; De Wever A. (2014). Didžiulis V. (ed.). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Retrieved 26 May 2014.

[8] World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World

[9] Muhammad Akram & Faheem Aftab (2012). "Efficient micropropagation and rooting of king white mulberry (Morus macroura miq.) var. laevigata from nodal explants of mature tree".

[10] Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery (2016). "Mulberry Shahtoot or King White". Retrieved 2 July 2016.

[Wu2026MmacrouraGenome-11] Wu, Huazhou; Wang, Jiabin; Geng, Tao; Yao, Yuling; Lin, Peiqun; Wang, Shuchang; Xu, Li (2026). "A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the low chilling requirement mulberry, Morus macroura". Scientific Data. 13 (1) 458. doi:10.1038/s41597-026-07117-2. PMC 13022433. PMID 41888543.

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Genomics

References