List of Greek letters
This is a list of letters of the Greek alphabet. The definition of a Greek letter for this list is a character encoded in the Unicode standard that has a script property of "Greek" and the general category of "Letter". An overview of the distribution of Greek letters is given in Greek script in Unicode.
Letters contained in the modern Greek alphabet
[edit]| Αα | Ββ | Γγ | Δδ | Εε | Ζζ | Ηη | Θθ | Ιι | Κκ | Λλ | Μμ | Νν | Ξξ | Οο | Ππ | Ρρ | Σσς | Ττ | Υυ | Φφ | Χχ | Ψψ | Ωω |
Extensions
[edit]| Letter | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ͱͱ | Heta | Archaic letter for voiceless glottal fricative[1] |
| Ͳͳ | Archaic Sampi | Archaic sibilant letter[2] |
| Ϝϝ | Digamma | Archaic letter for /w/ |
| Ͷͷ | Tsan | Pamphylian letter for /w/; alleged sibilant in Arcado-Cypriot[2] |
| Ϻϻ | San | Archaic letter for /s/[3] |
| Ϸϸ | Sho | Bactrian letter for /ʃ/[4] |
| Ϙϙ | Archaic Koppa | Letter for /k/ before Ο, Υ, and Ω |
| Ϛϛ | Stigma | Archaic ligature for στ, retained in iconography[5] |
| Ϳϳ | Yot | Greek linguistics[6] letter for /j/ |
| Ϗϗ | Kai | Ligature abbreviating the word kai[7] |
Letters with diacritics
[edit]The letters with diacritics below are those which do not denote the typical phonemes described with the standard Greek diacritics (archaic or otherwise).
| Letter | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ζ̌ζ̌ | Zeta with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek[8] representing /ʒ/ |
| Κ̌κ̌ | Kappa with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek representing /c/ and /t͡ʃ/[8] |
| Λ̌λ̌ | Lambda with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek representing /ʎ/[8] |
| Ν̌ν̌ | Nu with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek representing /ɲ/[8] |
| Ξ̌ξ̌ | Xi with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek[8] representing /kʃ/ |
| Π̌π̌ | Pi with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek representing /pʲ/[8] |
| ῤ | Rho with smooth breathing | Archaic letter denoting /r/[9] |
| Ῥῥ | Rho with rough breathing | Archaic letter denoting /r̥/[9] |
| Σ̌σ̌ς̌ | Sigma with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek[8] representing /ʃ/ |
| Τ̌τ̌ | Tau with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek representing /c/[8] |
| Ψ̌ψ̌ | Psi with caron | Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek[8] representing /pʃ/ |
Other characters
[edit]Other Greek characters are omitted from the tables above:
- Subscript modifier letters β, γ, ρ, φ, and χ: ᵦ ᵧ ᵨ ᵩ ᵪ
- Superscript modifier letters β, γ, δ, φ, and χ: ᵝ ᵞ ᵟ ᵠ ᵡ
- Small capitals Γ, Λ, Π, Ρ, Ψ, and Ω: ᴦ ᴧ ᴨ ᴩ ᴪ ꭥ
- Glyph variants for β, ε, Θ, θ, κ, ρ, Σ, σ/ς, π, Υ, Ύ, Ϋ, φ: ϐ ϵ ϴ ϑ ϰ ϱ Ϲ ϲ ϖ ϒ ϓ ϔ ϕ[10]
- OU ligature which is used in Greek but encoded as a Latin letter: Ȣȣ[5]
Footnotes
[edit]- ↑ Nicholas, Nick (2005-01-01). "Proposal to add Greek Letter Lowercase Heta and Greek Letter Capital Heta to the UCS" (PDF).
- 1 2 Nicholas, Nick (2005-01-01). "Proposal to add Greek epigraphical letters to the UCS" (PDF).
- ↑ "Proposal to encode the Greek Capital Letter San and Greek Small Letter San in the UCS" (PDF). 2002-11-07.
- ↑ Everson, Michael (2002-01-30). "Proposal to add two Greek letters for Bactrian to the UCS" (PDF).
- 1 2 Nicholas, Nick (2005-05-23). "Other Ligatures".
- ↑ Nick Nicholas, "Yot" Deprecated link archived 2012-08-05 at archive.today
- ↑ Nicholas, Nick (2005-04-09). "Ligatures".
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Themistocleous, Charalambos; Katsoyannou, Marianna; Armosti, Spyros; Christodoulou, Kyriaki. "Cypriot Greek Lexicography: A Reverse Dictionary of Cypriot Greek" (PDF).
- 1 2 Nicholas, Nick (2003-05-26). "Greek & Greek Extended".
- ↑ Thompson, Edward M. (1911). An introduction to Greek and Latin palaeography. Oxford: Clarendon. pp. 186–194.