Demand Justice
| Formation | 2018 |
|---|---|
| Founders | Brian Fallon Christopher Kang |
| Type | 501(c)(4) nonprofit |
| Headquarters | Washington, D.C. |
President | Josh Orton |
| Budget | $11.7 million (2022) |
| Website | demandjustice |
Demand Justice is an American 501(c)(4) legal advocacy organization focused on the composition of the American federal judiciary. It works to motivate left-leaning voters around judicial nominations, to press the United States Senate to confirm progressive nominees to judicial positions, and to expand the United States Supreme Court. Since 2025, it has been led by president Josh Orton, a former senior advisor to Vice President Kamala Harris and Senator Bernie Sanders.
The organization was established in 2018 by Brian Fallon and Christopher Kang and became known for its opposition to President Donald Trump's first-term judicial nominees, including Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh. During the Biden administration, it campaigned for greater professional diversity on the federal bench, urging the appointment of public defenders and civil rights attorneys rather than corporate law firm partners. Axios described Demand Justice as the "tip of the progressive spear in battles over the makeup of the federal judiciary" during this period.
Since 2025, under Orton, Demand Justice has opposed judicial nominations made during the second Trump administration, with a particular focus on nominees who have declined to acknowledge that Joe Biden won the 2020 presidential election or who have refused to characterize the events of January 6 as an attack. The group has also made an economic case against Trump's judicial appointments, arguing that they enable corporate consolidation and oligarchy. Its central effort has been a preemptive campaign, launched in April 2026 with the group Indivisible, to oppose any Supreme Court nominee Trump might name before a vacancy exists; Demand Justice has led convenings of allied organizations and elected officials in anticipation of one.
History
[edit]Founding and opposition to Trump's first-term nominees (2018–2020)
[edit]Demand Justice was founded in 2018 by Brian Fallon, a former press secretary for Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign, and Christopher Kang, who had overseen judicial nominations in the Obama administration.[1] The group was established as a project of the Sixteen Thirty Fund and aimed to build progressive engagement around the federal judiciary in the aftermath of the Senate's refusal to consider Merrick Garland's Supreme Court nomination.[2]
Among its first major activities was extensive spending on television advertising opposing the confirmation of Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court.[3] During Kavanaugh's September 2018 confirmation hearings, the group organized protesters who dressed as handmaids, referencing Margaret Atwood's novel The Handmaid's Tale, to line the halls of the Hart Senate Office Building outside of where the hearings were taking place.[4] The organization spent $5 million on ads airing in Maine and Alaska, aimed at pressuring Republican Senators Susan Collins and Lisa Murkowski for supporting an anti-choice nominee, and announced plans to run ads targeting Democratic Senators Joe Manchin, Joe Donnelly, and Heidi Heitkamp to push them to oppose Kavanaugh.[5]
The group ran similar campaigns against other first-term Trump nominees, including digital advertising in 2018 opposing Amul Thapar, then reported to be on Trump's Supreme Court shortlist, and 2019 advertising through its affiliated 501(c)(3) organization, the Demand Justice Initiative, pressuring Senator Susan Collins over the nomination of Wendy Vitter.[6][7][8]
In August 2019, Fallon and Kang published an op-ed in The Atlantic calling on the next Democratic president to stop nominating corporate law firm partners to the federal bench, arguing that nearly 60 percent of sitting federal appeals court judges had been corporate law partners and that the imbalance shaped the courts' treatment of workers and consumers. The proposal drew support from Senator Elizabeth Warren and from organizations including the Service Employees International Union.[9] In October 2019, it released a shortlist of potential Supreme Court nominees for a future Democratic president.[10]
Activity during the Biden administration (2021–2024)
[edit]In May 2021, Demand Justice separated from the Sixteen Thirty Fund to become a standalone nonprofit organization. Fallon said the group had "outgrown the umbrella organization under which it operated for its first three years."[11] Axios described the organization at the time as the "tip of the progressive spear in battles over the makeup of the federal judiciary."[11]
A central focus of the group's work during this period was professional diversity on the federal judiciary. Demand Justice pressed the incoming Biden administration to nominate lawyers from backgrounds historically underrepresented on the bench: public defenders, civil rights attorneys, and legal aid lawyers, rather than corporate law firm partners and prosecutors.[12] In December 2020, incoming White House Counsel Dana Remus sent a letter to Democratic senators asking them to recommend such candidates for district court vacancies; Kang said the letter reflected "exactly the kind of priorities and processes that we have been pushing for."[12] Demand Justice subsequently organized more than 30 progressive organizations in a letter asking senators to publicly commit to the approach.[13]
Beginning in early 2021, Demand Justice ran a public campaign, styled "Breyer Retire," calling on Justice Stephen Breyer to retire from the Supreme Court so that President Joe Biden could appoint a successor while Democrats controlled the Senate. The campaign included an online petition, digital advertising, and a billboard truck circling the Supreme Court.[14] Axios described Demand Justice as the most aggressive of the groups pressing Breyer to step down.[15]
After Breyer announced his retirement and Biden nominated Ketanji Brown Jackson, who had appeared on the group's 2019 shortlist, to succeed him, Demand Justice announced a $1 million advertising campaign supporting her confirmation.[16] During Jackson's confirmation hearings, several Republican senators criticized Demand Justice's support for her.[17]
In 2023, Fallon announced that he would step down as executive director, remaining on the group's board and as president of its political action committee.[18] Kang also departed during this period. The group relaunched in 2025 under a new President, Josh Orton.[19][20]
Relaunch under Josh Orton (2025–2026)
[edit]The organization named Josh Orton, a lawyer and Democratic strategist, as its president in September 2025.[19] Orton had previously served as a senior advisor to Vice President Kamala Harris, as policy director for Bernie Sanders's 2020 presidential campaign, and as an aide to Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid and Senator Russ Feingold.[19][20] Under Orton, the group adopted a strategy of pressuring Democratic senators in addition to Republican senators to oppose Trump's judicial nominees, and framed its opposition around the economic consequences of the courts, arguing that Trump's judicial appointments advanced the interests of large corporations and billionaires.[19]
In October 2025, Demand Justice expanded a digital and billboard advertising campaign targeting Democratic members of the Senate Judiciary Committee, including Dick Durbin, Chris Coons, Sheldon Whitehouse, and Amy Klobuchar, who had all voted to advance Trump district court nominees.[21] Orton said the group's "credibility depends on showing that Democrats who shrink from this fight will face consequences."[21]
Demand Justice released a report in November 2025 reviewing the questionnaire responses of 27 of Trump's second-term judicial nominees, finding that none affirmatively stated that Biden had won the 2020 presidential election and that most had declined to characterize the January 6 United States Capitol attack as an attack.[22] In December 2025, Demand Justice launched an advertising campaign targeting Senators John Fetterman, Maggie Hassan, and Angus King over their votes to confirm Trump judicial nominees. Demand Justice President Josh Orton called it an "opening salvo" and warned of a potential escalation against more vulnerable senators unless they "find their moral compass, to stand up to Trump."[22]
Demand Justice released a statement criticizing Senators Dick Durbin, Chris Coons, and Sheldon Whitehouse for their votes in the Senate Judiciary Committee to advance the nomination of Sheria Clarke to the U.S. District Court for the District of South Carolina.[23] Orton argued that Clarke had submitted "to a political litmus test from Trump to prove loyalty" and argued that "these three senators have chosen a delusion of normalcy over their obligation to their country, their constituents, their party, and the Constitution."[23]
In April 2026, Demand Justice launched what it described to The New York Times as its central initiative: a preemptive campaign, in partnership with the progressive group Indivisible, to oppose any Supreme Court nominee Trump might put forward.[24] Orton said the effort would begin at $3 million and expand by a further $15 million if a justice departed and Trump named a successor, framing the campaign around the prospect that Trump could seek to replace Clarence Thomas or Samuel Alito, the Court's two oldest members, with a loyalist who could serve for decades.[24] The campaign has drawn on pollsters and Democratic strategists to test messaging, and seeks to tie Republicans running in the 2026 elections to a potential Trump nominee.[24]
Demand Justice has led strategy sessions convening allied organizations and elected officials in anticipation of a vacancy.[25] A session in 2026 was led by Orton and attended by Senator Elizabeth Warren, Indivisible co-founder Ezra Levin, pollster Anna Greenberg, and representatives of labor, reproductive rights, environmental, and economic organizations, along with Democratic congressional staff; participants discussed Trump's likely picks, how to oppose them, and possible Supreme Court reforms.[25]
Finances
[edit]Demand Justice is organized as a 501(c)(4) social welfare organization; its affiliated Demand Justice Initiative is organized as a 501(c)(3) charity.[16] According to reporting on its tax filings, the two entities anticipated a combined budget of roughly $11.7 million in 2022.[16] The organization's revenue declined sharply after 2022, consistent with its period of reduced activity, before its 2025 relaunch.[19]
References
[edit]- ↑ Hulse, Carl (May 3, 2018). "After Garland Defeat, New Group Hopes to Draw Democrats to Judicial Battlefield". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Lee, Michelle Ye Hee (July 27, 2018). "Liberal activists embrace 'dark money' in Supreme Court fight". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Bland, Scott; Severns, Maggie (November 19, 2019). "Documents reveal massive 'dark-money' group boosted Democrats in 2018". Politico. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Wheeler, Lydia (September 4, 2018). "Protesters dress as 'handmaids' for Kavanaugh hearings". The Hill. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Freking, Kevin (July 10, 2018). "What to expect in the Supreme Court confirmation battle". AP News. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ "Conservative Kentucky Judge Is Targeted in Ad From Liberal Group". WKU Public Radio. June 22, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Carney, Jordain (May 15, 2019). "Progressive group targets Susan Collins over Trump judicial pick". The Hill. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Itkowitz, Colby (May 16, 2019). "Senate confirms Wendy Vitter as federal judge, despite Democrats' objections over her opposition to abortion". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Mystal, Elie (August 21, 2019). "Demand Justice Argues No Biglaw Attorneys Should Be Nominated To The Courts". Above the Law. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Neidig, Harper (December 29, 2019). "Left presses 2020 Democrats to retake the courts from Trump". The Hill. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 Markay, Lachlan (May 14, 2021). "Progressive legal advocacy group spinning off from sponsor". Axios. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 Bendery, Jennifer (December 24, 2020). "Biden's Team Tells Senate Democrats To Send Him Judicial Nominees ASAP". HuffPost. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Kelly, Caroline (July 28, 2021). "Inside Dems' quest to bring more professional diversity to the federal bench". CNN. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Durkee, Alison (April 9, 2021). "Progressives Demand 'Breyer Retire' So Biden Can Appoint Supreme Court Justice". Forbes. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Swan, Jonathan (August 3, 2021). "Biden rebuffs progressives on pressuring Stephen Breyer to retire from Supreme Court". Axios. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 3 Markay, Lachlan (March 6, 2022). "Progressives prep big spending for Ketanji Brown Jackson confirmation". Axios. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Hulse, Carl (April 1, 2022). "Republicans Target Progressive Advocacy Group Amid Opposition to Jackson". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- ↑ Samuels, Brett (July 27, 2023). "Head of progressive group Demand Justice to step down in the fall". The Hill. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Headley, Tiana (September 10, 2025). "Demand Justice Names New President to Fight Trump Judicial Push". Bloomberg Law. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 Epstein, Reid J. (September 30, 2025). "A Liberal Group Returns to Push Democrats to Oppose Trump". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 Headley, Tiana (October 9, 2025). "New Media Blitz Targets Democrats Who Back Trump Judge Picks". Bloomberg Law. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 Samuels, Brett (November 11, 2025). "Demand Justice report spotlights Trump judicial picks' handling of 2020 election questions". The Hill. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 Bendery, Jennifer (April 27, 2026). "3 Senate Dems Vote To Advance Election Denier To Lifetime Court Seat". HuffPost. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 3 Johnson, Carrie (April 9, 2026). "Observers see narrowing window to confirm Trump judicial picks this year". NPR. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
- 1 2 "SCOTUS Plans". Punchbowl News. Retrieved August 5, 2026.