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Cryptophagus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Cryptophagus
Adult of unidentifed Cryptophagus species from Göttinger Wald, Germany
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Clade: Pancrustacea
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Family: Cryptophagidae
Tribe: Cryptophagini
Genus: Cryptophagus
Herbst, 1863
Species

see text

Cryptophagus is a genus of beetles in the family Cryptophagidae, the silken fungus beetles. It is distributed across all the biogeographic realms of the world.[1] Like most of the other beetles in the family,[1] these are fungivores, feeding on fungal spores and hyphae.[2]

Description and ecology

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These beetles are flattened and oval in shape, and are generally 2 to 3 millimeters long. They are reddish to dark brown, sometimes with yellowish patterns on the elytra. The thorax is often sculptured with teeth, angles, or other projections. Some are hairy. The larva is usually yellow-brown and cylindrical but flattened, with visible legs.[2]

Some species are considered pests when they inhabit stores of grain, flour, bread, dried fruit, and other products, however, the beetles feed on fungi growing on the food product rather than the product itself. They also breed in the fungi, laying eggs in the hyphae. They are more common in products that are damp and moldy. The beetles can transmit fungal spores to products, encouraging mold growth. In Canada the beetles are common in the grain-producing prairie regions.[2]

These beetles can be found in other habitats where fungi are available, such as beehives, the nests of other hymenopterans such as wasps and ants, rodent nests, and wool.[3]

Selected species

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Cryptophagus amoenus specimen from Maungatautari, New Zealand
Cryptophagus lemonchei paratype
Cryptophagus lycoperdi illustration
Cryptophagus pubescens or a similar species from Boultham Moor, England

Species include:[4]

Cryptophagus alexagrestis amber specimen (scale = 0.5 mm)

Some fossil species have been discovered in amber and as compression fossils in rock:[1]

  • †Cryptophagus alexagrestis Lyubarsky & Perkovsky, 2011
  • †Cryptophagus bassleri
  • †Cryptophagus harenus[3]
  • †Cryptophagus petricola
  • †Cryptophagus suncholensis

References

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  1. 1 2 3 Lyubarsky, G. Y. and E. E. Perkovsky. (2011). Third contribution on Rovno amber silken fungus beetles: a new Eocene species of Cryptophagus (Coleoptera, Clavicornia, Cryptophagidae). ZooKeys (130), 255-61.
  2. 1 2 3 Cryptophagus spp. Canadian Grain Commission. 2013.
  3. 1 2 Lyubarsky, G. Y. and E. E. Perkovsky. (2012). The first Eocene species of the genus Cryptophagus (Coleoptera, Clavicornia, Cryptophagidae). Vestnik Zoologii 46(1), 83-87.
  4. ↑ Cryptophagus. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
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