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Alphabaculovirus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Alphabaculovirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Class: Naldaviricetes
Order: Lefavirales
Family: Baculoviridae
Genus: Alphabaculovirus
Occlusion bodies of baculoviruses in the genus Alphabaculovirus. Transmission electron micrographs of Trichoplusia ni single nucleopolyhedrovirus occlusion bodies containing occlusion-derived virus consisting of multiple and single nucleocapsids per envelope. Scale bar: 0.5 μm.

Alphabaculovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Baculoviridae.[1] The natural hosts of species in this family are invertebrates, among them winged insects (Lepidopterans, Hymenopterans, Dipterans), and decapods. However, species in this genus have been isolated only from the insect order Lepidoptera.[2] There are 71 species in the genus.[3][4][5]

Structure

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Viruses in Alphabaculovirus are enveloped, with circular genomes around 80–180 kbp in length. The genome codes for 100 to 180 proteins.[4]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
AlphabaculovirusBudded or OccludedEnvelopedCircularMonopartite

Life cycle

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Alphabaculovirus replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the double-stranded DNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export and exists in occlusion bodies after cell death, remaining infectious until finding another host. Winged insects, arthropods, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Decapoda serve as natural hosts. Transmission routes are fecal-oral.[4]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
AlphabaculovirusWinged insectsMidgut then hemocoel; digestive gland epithelium (shrimps)GlycoproteinsBudding; OcclusionNucleusNucleusOral-fecal

Taxonomy

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The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:[5][6]

References

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  1. ↑ Harrison, RL; Herniou, EA; Jehle, JA; Theilmann, DA; Burand, JP; Becnel, JJ; Krell, PJ; van Oers, MM; Mowery, JD; Bauchan, GR; Ictv Report, Consortium (September 2018). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Baculoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 99 (9): 1185–1186. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001107. PMC 12662066. PMID 29947603.
  2. ↑ "Genus: Alphabaculovirus | ICTV". ictv.global.
  3. ↑ "ICTV Report". ICTV Report Baculoviridae.
  4. 1 2 3 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
  5. 1 2 "Virus Taxonomy: 2025 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 23 March 2026.
  6. ↑ "Species List: Baculoviridae". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 23 March 2026.
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