// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhat did the Ursida say? Bear-ly anything.
Ursida (vernacular name: ursidans) is a taxon (usually parvorder[1][2]) within Arctoidea in some systems. It is usually meant as the opposite of the taxon Mustelida[2] (or as the opposite of the taxa Mustelida and Amphicyonidae[3]) within Arctoidea.
The taxon Ursida was created in 1976.[2]
Composition
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In current phylogenetic trees, Ursida being the opposite of Mustelida usually implies that Ursida comprises only Ursidae sensu stricto (including Hemicyonidae) and possibly also Amphicynodontidae and Subparictidae. The taxon Ursida delimited this way is alternatively called superfamily Ursoidea sensu stricto or family Ursidae sensu lato. See Ursoidea for further details on the composition of Ursida (= Ursoidea) in current systems.[1][4][5][6][7]
In systems based on somewhat older phylogenetic trees (1976 to early 2000s), Ursida being the opposite of Mustelida implies that Ursida comprises at least Ursidae sensu stricto (including Hemicyonidae), but often also Amphicyonidae, sometimes also Pinnipedia (or at least Pinnipedia except Phocidae), sometimes also Amphicynodontidae and Subparictidae, and rarely also Ailuridae.[8][9][10][3][2] The taxon Ursida delimited this way is sometimes also called superfamily Ursoidea sensu lato,[2] although, more frequently, Ursoidea (i. e. Ursoidea sensu stricto) is only one of the superfamilies within Ursida delimited this way and it includes only Ursidae sensu stricto (including Hemicyonidae) and sometimes also Amphicyonidae[8][9].
Alternatively, the parvorder Ursida can be conceived not as the opposite of Mustelida within Arctoidea, but as the opposite of Amphicyonidae within Arctoidea. In such an arrangement, the parvorder Ursida also includes the Musteloidea, i.e. more specifically, Ursida is composed of the superfamily Ursoidea sensu lato (i. e. Ursidae sensu stricto, Amphicynodontidae, Subparictidae and Pinnipedia) and the superfamily Musteloidea.[11]
References
[edit]- 1 2 "Carnivora Order". ASM Mammal Diversity Database. Retrieved 2026-08-24.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Xiaoming Wang et al. Amphicticeps and Amphicynodon (Arctoidea, Carnivora) from Hsanda Gol Formation, Central Mongolia and Phylogeny of Basal Arctoids with Comments on Zoogeography. American Museum Novitates, 2005(3483):1-60 (2005)
- 1 2 Wolsan M. 1993. Phylogeny and classification of early European Mustelida (Mammalia: Carnivora). Actatheriol. 38 : 345 - 384.
- ↑ "Ursida". Hesperomys. Retrieved 2026-08-24.
- ↑ Bonis, L. et al. 2019. Carnivora from the early Oligocene of the ‘Phosphorites du Quercy’ in southwestern France,. In L. Bonis, L. Werdelin (eds.), Memorial to Stéphane Peigné: Carnivores (Hyaenodonta and Carnivora) of the Cenozoic 41(15), pp. 601-621
- ↑ ABELLA, J. et al. Paleodiversity of the Superfamily Ursoidea (Carnivora, Mammalia) in the Spanish Neogene, related to environmental changes. Journal of Iberian Geology 40 (1) 2014: 11-18
- ↑ Finarelli, John (2008) A Total Evidence Phylogeny of the Arctoidea (Carnivora: Mammalia): Relationships Among Basal Taxa. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 15. 231-259. 10.1007/s10914-008-9074-x
- 1 2 Rose, Kenneth D. (2006-09-26). The Beginning of the Age of Mammals. JHU Press. p. 121. ISBN 978-0-8018-8472-6. Retrieved 2026-08-24.
- 1 2 McKENNA, M. C., BELL, S. K. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University. 1997, pp. 247-252
- ↑ Ginsburg, Léonard (1982). "Sur la position systématique du petit panda, Ailurus fulgens (Carnivora, Mammalia)". Geobios (in French). 15. Elsevier BV: 247–258. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(82)80117-4. ISSN 0016-6995.
- ↑ BASKIN, J. A., TEDFORD, R. H. Small arctoid and feliform carnivorans. in Prothero, D. R., Emry, R. J. (eds.) The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America. 1996, pp. 486 - 497