Tramea
| Tramea | |
|---|---|
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| In the Galápagos Islands | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Odonata |
| Infraorder: | Anisoptera |
| Superfamily: | Libelluloidea |
| Family: | Libellulidae |
| Subfamily: | Trameinae |
| Tribe: | Trameini |
| Genus: | Tramea Hagen, 1861[1] |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Tramea is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae, the skimmers and perchers.[3] Members of the genus occur throughout tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.[4]
Tramea dragonflies typically have dark or coloured patches at the bases of their hindwings, creating the appearance of saddlebags when in flight. This feature gives rise to the common names saddlebags and saddlebag gliders.[5][6]
Taxonomic history
[edit]In 1849, Hagen introduced the name Trapezostigma for dragonflies characterised by their distinctive wing markings.[7] In 1861, Hagen established Tramea as a genus, shortening the earlier name Trapezostigma and incorporating an allusion to the Latin trameare ("to pass through"), referring to the migratory behaviour of species in the genus.[1][8]
Description
[edit]Species of Tramea are medium-sized to large dragonflies with conspicuous dark patches at the bases of the hindwings.[9] The hindwings have a distinctive arrangement of veins and cells near the wing base.[9]
Species of Tramea are strong fliers and many are highly migratory or nomadic, occurring throughout tropical and warm temperate regions worldwide.[4][9]
Species
[edit]The genus Tramea includes the following species,[10][2] some of which have subspecies:[11]
- Tramea abdominalis (Rambur, 1842) – Vermilion Saddlebags[12]
- Tramea aquila Lieftinck, 1942
- Tramea basilaris (Palisot de Beauvois, 1805) – Keyhole Glider, Wheeling Glider, Red Marsh Trotter[13]
- Tramea binotata (Rambur, 1842) – Sooty Saddlebags[12]
- Tramea carolina (Linnaeus, 1763) – Carolina Saddlebags[12]
- Tramea cophysa Hagen, 1867
- Tramea darwini Kirby, 1889 – Striped Saddlebags[12]
- Tramea eurybia Selys, 1878
- Tramea insularis Hagen, 1861 – Antillean Saddlebags[12]
- Tramea lacerata Hagen, 1861 – Black Saddlebags[12]
- Tramea liberata Lieftinck, 1949
- Tramea limbata (Desjardins, 1832) – Ferrugineus Glider, Voyaging Glider,[14] Black Marsh Trotter[15]
- Tramea loewii Kaup in Brauer, 1866 – Common Glider[9]
- Tramea minuta De Marmels & Rácenis, 1982
- Tramea onusta Hagen, 1861 – Red Saddlebags,[12] Red-mantled Saddlebags[16]
- Tramea phaeoneura Lieftinck, 1953
- Tramea rosenbergi Brauer, 1866
- Tramea rustica De Marmels & Rácenis, 1982
- Tramea stenoloba (Watson, 1962) - Narrow-lobed glider[9]
- Tramea transmarina Brauer, 1867 – Red Glider[17]
- Tramea virginia (Rambur, 1842)
Etymology
[edit]The genus name Tramea is derived from the Latin trameare ("to pass through" or "travel across"), referring to the migratory or vagrant behaviour of species in the genus.[8]
The earlier name Trapezostigma is derived from the Greek τραπέζιον (trapezion, "trapezium") and στίγμα (stigma, "spot" or "mark"), likely referring to the shape of the pterostigma.[7][8]
Gallery
[edit]Wing markings in species of Tramea are distinctive and vary considerably between species.
Female Tramea eurybia wings
Male Tramea eurybia wings
Female Tramea loewii wings
Male Tramea loewii wings
Female Tramea stenoloba wings
Male Tramea stenoloba wings
Female Tramea transmarina wings
Male Tramea transmarina wings
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References
[edit]- 1 2 Hagen, Hermann (1861). "Synopsis of the Neuroptera of North America with a List of the South American Species". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 4: 347 [143] – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- 1 2 Paulson, D.; Schorr, M.; Abbott, J.; Bota-Sierra, C.; Deliry, C.; Dijkstra, K.-D.; Lozano, F. "World Odonata List". OdonataCentral. University of Alabama. Retrieved 23 April 2026.
- ↑ "Genus Tramea Hagen, 1861". Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Biological Resources Study. 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
- 1 2 Watson, J.A.L.; Theischinger, G.; Abbey, H.M. (1991). The Australian Dragonflies: A Guide to the Identification, Distributions and Habitats of Australian Odonata. Melbourne: CSIRO. p. 278. ISBN 978-0-643-05136-2.
- ↑ "Tramea". Atlas of Living Australia.
- ↑ Winterbourn, MJ; Pohe, SR; Ball, OJ-P (2011). "Establishment of larval populations of the dragonfly Tramea loewii Kaup, 1866 (Odonata: Libellulidae) in lakes of northern New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 38 (2): 173–179. doi:10.1080/03014223.2010.548561.
- 1 2 Hagen, H.A. (1849). "Uebersicht der neueren Literatur betreffend die Neuropteren". Entomologische Zeitung (in German). 10: 167–177 [174].
- 1 2 3 Endersby, Ian; Fliedner, Heinrich (2015). The Naming of Australia's Dragonflies. Eltham, Victoria, Australia: Busybird Publishing. ISBN 9781925260625.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Theischinger, G; Hawking, J (2006). The Complete Field Guide to Dragonflies of Australia. Collingwood Vic.: CSIRO Publishing. p. 298. ISBN 978-0-64309-073-6.
- ↑ "Tramea". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
- ↑ odonata.info (2005)
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "North American Odonata". University of Puget Sound. 2009. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
- ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B.; Dow, R.A.; Boudot, J.-P.; Schneider, W.; Samraoui, B. (2016). "Tramea basilaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T60049A83871612. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60049A83871612.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑ Clausnitzer, V. (2016). "Tramea limbata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T60050A83381971. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60050A83381971.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑ Subramanian, K. A. (2005). Dragonflies and Damselflies of Peninsular India (PDF).
- ↑ Dunkle, S. W. (2000). Dragonflies through Binoculars. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 219. ISBN 978-0-19-511268-9.
- ↑ Wilson, K.D.P.; Rowe, R.; Marinov, M. (2020). "Tramea transmarina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T167183A83375536. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T167183A83375536.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
